Is PER YEAR, POSTED.

Publisbtd on,t Mry Quarltr

FEBRUARY, 1921.

JACOBITETbt only Ja,obilt Paptr in I1tw ltaland

•

THE

VOLUME I.--No..6.

Mr. A. A. McRae, of Lumsden,South land, has secured a large num­ber of new subscribers for our paper,for which we are truly grateful.Mr. McRae is a true descendant ofthose Royalists who formed thebackbone of Prince Charlie's army."Hold fast to the fame of yourancestors" is a Gaelic proverb whichMr. McRae has m:lde a rule of life.

Notes and General.Mr. A. PoIson, of Ardconnel St.,

Inverness, kindly forwarded recentlysome heather gathered from theJ.!ra\'cs of the McGillivray's on Cul­loclcn's fatal field. The McGillivray'sfell in scores on that fatal April dayin 1746, and the chief of the Clanwas killed at a well on the battlefieldwhich still bears his name.

• • •"Our Cause To-Day" by Mr. Rath­

mell Wilson, the London journalistand novelist, which appears inanother column, seems to us par­ticularlyappropriate. Mr. RathmeJlWilson wa~ the writer of thosebeautiful lines "Rose Incense" whichappeared in the first number of "TheJacobite."

• • •

Genuine surprise has been ex­pressed in many quarters at theappearance of "The Jacobite" inthis out of the way corner of theearth. It will be news to many tolearn that this country's connection\vith the Jacobite Revi\'al dates from

. 1900, and the London" Jacobite" ofFebrllary. 1903, contained the fol­lowing: :-" Mr, Charles Bagnall hasbeen appointed Agent for NewZealand, where the work of theJacobite League has been carried onwith considerable energy." TheLondon U Daily News" had a longarticle on this appointment, whichwas reproduced in a number o[leading New Zealand papers.

broken in battle. The Governmentthought it best to let sleeping dogslie, and not add troubles in Walesto troubles in Scotland. This wis­dom on the part of the Governmentgave time for the destruction of allincriminatory documents among theJacobites themselves i and in thelack of trials for treason we have alack also of those legal indictmentsand documents from which so muchof the history of Englisl} and ScotsJacobitism .is known."

• • •It may not be generally known

that in 1778 some Jacobites wrote toPrince Charlie (or King Charles 11 I.as he then was) from America, pro­posing to set up his standard there.In Wales the adherents of theStuarts were enthusiastic and hope·ful for long after the '45. In an oldWelsh ballad Oh the theme of Owenof the Red Hand-one of thosepopular heroes who are some day towake from death-like slumber, andwork wonders for their country­the following lines occur-

"Vr Owen hwn yw Harri'r Nawfed,Sydd yn trigo 'ngwlad estronied."

(This Owen is Henry the Ninth, whodwells in a foreign land). Theselines, which cannot have beenwritten till after 1788, the year inwhich Charles Edward died, andhis brother Henry (ob. 1807) wasrecognised as King by the Jacobites,are of twofold interest. Not onlydo they evince the longevity ofJacobilism in Wales, but they sh'owthat the Welsh adherents of theexiled house thought that therestoration of the Stuarts wouldbring welfare to the cOllntr\,. Thatbelief was long held in Scotland,and, indeed, it was in that country,rather than in England, America, orWales, that the Jacobites werereally actiYe after the Forty-Fiye.

•••

Twenty.fi,·e dollars was raised re­cently by the students of FloraMacdona,d College, Red Springs,North Carolina, U.S.A., and sent toD. A. MacDonald, Chairman KilmuirParish Council, Isle of Skye, towardsdefraying the expense of replacingthe marble slab affixed to FloraMacdonald's monument in KilmuirChurchyard, Skye, wrenched fromits faslenings during a recent storm.President C. G. Vardell, after tellingthe story of the famous Scottishheroine to the students assembledfor chapel service, presented theappeal which met with an immediateresponse.

• • •In an article in the .• Celtic Re·

view" for July, 1909, ProfessorHenry Jenner wrote :_" It is in·teresting to note that, going bygenealogy-not by Acts of Settle­ment-the Princess :Mary of ModenaIS, through her descent fromCharles J. (as is well-known), Heiressof Line of the House of Stuart, andtherefore of Tudor and Plantaganet,of Rollo, of Alfred and Cerdic, andof the ancient Scottish and Pictish,and perhaps Irish and British RoyalHouses. It is a wonderful pedigreethat includes the heirship of allCeltia with Saxondom and Nor·mandy thrown in."

Lt.-Col. Owen Vaughan, D.S.O.,whose death was recently an­nounced, was widely known as awriter of \Velsh historical romancesunder the pen name of "OwenRhoscomyl." CoL Va1;lghan was anauthority on Welsh Jacobitism.Writin~ in H The Royalist" on the'45, he said :-" The chief reasonfol' the scantiness of records ofWelsh Jacobitism lies in the fact that,as it never had an opportunity oftaking the field, so it was never

•••

22

EDITORS' NOTICE.

All subscriptions, cllquiries, or liter­my contributions should be sent to theEditors ;-C. C. BAGNALL, Rongotea, Palmerston N.C. A. ROWELL, 1 Elm St., Mangapapa,

Gisborne.

Tb~ Jilcobit~

FEBRUARY, 1921

-=',==========Literary.

"A Jacobite Stronghold of theChurch," by Mary E. Ingram, is animportant contribution to our know­ledge of the past history of ourCause. This most interesting bookis the story of the loyal Episcopalcongregation of Old S1. Paul's, Edin­burgh, who were ejected from theCathedral of St. Giles at the Revo­lution for refusing to acknowledgeDutch William, and established ameeting-house at Carruber's Close,which lies 011 the north side of theHigh Street, Edinburgh. Here fornearly two centuries they continuedto worship amid Illost depressingsurroundings and for many yearsamid bitter persecution.

Many interesting personages crossthe reader's path in this uniquenarrative.· Flora Macc1onald, andnearly all the leaders of the Jacobitemovement, are the subjects of pass­ing reference, as they come for abrief period into the life of the con­gregation.

It is distressing to record thatafter a hnndred years (1688-1788)of steady loyalty to the exiledStuarts, the Church at Carruber'sClose decided to acknowled.\!eGeorge Ill. as their king. But it issome consolation to know that therewas at least one loyal heart amongthe congregation who v,:ouId neverown the Hanoverian race. Thiswas Alexander Halket, who dwelt ina fine old house near Holyroocl,hung round. with portraits of therightful race, and here he used toentertain his circle of Jacobitefriends. Once a year, in Courtdress, with a sword by his side,would this sturdy old Jacobite pay avisit to Holyrood Palace, musing onthe vanished glories. In the s~l.lnedress he appeared at EdinburghCastle, when the Scottish regaliawas discovered in HUB. In thechapel at Carruber's Close, he led

THE JACOBITE

off the response~ from his oldprayer-book, containing tbe namesof King Charles JI., the Duke ofYork. and Princess Alloe, andalways blew his nose loudly duringthe prayers for King George. Hedied in Edinburgh in 1825.

The Royal House of Stuart.A public lecture in support of theclaims of the Royal House of Stuartwas recently given in the tov,m ofGisborne, New Zealand, at whichthere was a good attendance. Thelecture was given under the auspicesof the Gisborne Study and DiscussionSociety. and the lecturer was Mr. C.A. Rowell, who has heen for sometime past associated with modernJacobitism.

In his opening remarks the lec­turer said that the Royal House ofStuart had been the subject of count­less memoirs and historical noticesfor "hundreds of years, and as thegenerations passed, the virtues­manifold and great-of this mostunfortunate race of princes becamemore and more apparent. Little bylittle justice was being done, pastthe transgressions of the truth werebeing atoned for, and the RoyalHouse of Stuart was passing througha process of rehabilitation in theminds of those who were sufficientlyinterested to investigate the situation.Referring to the Martyr KingCharles I, the lecturer said thatin school histories wc were told thatCharles was executed because heinsisted in ruling without the aid ofParliament. This statement sufferedconsiderably on being submitted toexamination. The execution ofCharles I. was nothing less th:;w adeliberate murder brought about bya Parliament composed of capitalistsand landlords of that period.Charles attempted to raise the burdenof taxation from the people andplace it upon the shoulders of thosewho were best able to bear it, andfor this he was never forgiven.The Protector Cromwell, who suc­ceeded Charles, ruled in a far moredespotic and arbitrary manner thanany Stuart king ever \·elltured to do.After his death the people gladlywelcomed a restoration of theMonarchy under Charles 11. Anintolerant Parliament and an intoler­ant Cromwell were naturally follo\vedby an intolerant sovereign. James11. proclaimed the principles of re­ligious toleration for all sects, andliberty to the subject by the "Habeas

FEBlWARY, 1921

Corpus" Act, but all his moderationwent for nothilJg in the sight offanatical Protestants, who could seenothing but the horns and hoofs ofthe Evil One under the mild guiseof the last of the Stuarts. And soafter a very short reign James wasforced to vacate the throne. Thehistory of the Stuarts from now onwas that of an exiled race. Refer­rinp; to the campaign in 1745 underPrince Charles Edward, the lecturerextolled the clemency and humanityof the Prince in contrast with thatof the Duke of Cumberland after thebattle of Culloden. On the Hanover­ian side victory was the signal forruthless massacre and outrage, withPrince Charlie the Hanoverianwounded and captives .were tendedskilfully and treated like gentlemen.No trail of blood and fire markedthe ground over \vhich he went.Laudation and sickening homagewas paid to the "Butcherof Cullodcn"while the rightful heir of theBritish crown was being hunted likeCl wild beast, a price of £30,000 onhis head, all historical hills and glensof his own fatherland. Despite theirextreme po\·erty, no Highlandercould be found who would stainhis hands with such fi.lthy ltlcre.While the name of "Bonnie PrinceCharlie" was honoured to·day noname in Scotland was held in moreuniversal execration than that ofCumberland, his opponent, the"Butcher of Culloden." Jacobitismdid not die with the defeat ofCharles Edward at Culloclen. TheJacobite spirit still existed and therewere many to·day who recognised theright of the elder branch of the desc·endants of the Royal House of Stuart.In JB07 when the Stuart male linebecame extinct in the person ofKing Henry IX. (the cardinal Dukeof York) by his will he solemnlytransmitted his royal claim to hiscousin and heir, King Charles ofSardinia.. From this king of Sardiniathe present de jure heir of the Stuartsis descended. The lecturer concludedby saying that as the true facts withregard to the rights of the RoyalHouse of Stuart were brought moreand more to light, there would be agreat revulsion of feeling in theirfa\·our.

A number of questions were askedat the, close of the addr~ss, whichwas attentively listened to, andseveral short .speeches were made.A v0te of thanks was accorded thelecturer hefore the medingdispersed.

By A.F.S.

THE CROON OF "THE '45"

The following article. which appeared in the September issue of the.. Scots Pictorial," has just reached us from Edinburgh. It is of specialinterest to all our readers, and is written by a gentlemen well-known inEdinburgh for his literary qualifications-Mr. A. Francis Steuart.

F~:BRUAHY. 1921

A QUARTERLY called "The jaco­bite," which proudly callsitself "the only jacob.ite paper

in New Zealand," has just been sentto me, and it makes one think againof the question what was, ann is, thegreat charm and spell of Jacobitismwhich keeps people still interested,loya!, alld faithful to that lost alldextinct cause?

That the cause was hopelesslylost :1t Culloclen in 1746 was theliteral fact, but that the faithfulJ:lcobite remnant hoped, plotted,pbnned, and dreamed until the deathof .. Bonnie Prince Charlie"-theirKing-was equally a certainty. Thelove of their" Rightful King II hadbecome much more to them than amere dynastic matter, it had becomealmost a religion. The refusal torecognise William of Orange as theirmonarch had lost for Episcopacy theposition of all Established Church inScotland, and equally the refusal torecognise as Kings the first threeGeorges cost many jacobites all hopeof advancement-and e\-en of em­ployment-ir! their O\\-n country,making them lead secluded livesamong those of their own politicalfaith, dreaming of the past and its

. real or fancied glories, and dwellingon the memory of their lost line ofrulers.

It became an Ideal, and theJ,!lorious loyalty shown to the Stuartswas its mainspring. And how greatthat loyalty was! \:\"e see it in thelong vigil of the attendants of MaryQueen of Scots in her Englishprisons. 1t was shown by thefollowers of King Charles I. during"the Troubles," by the ac1herents ofCharles n. during his Hight, by thePrisoners of the Bass in 1688. Norwas it lost in Ll the '15" and itshone like a beacon during thewanderings of Prince Charlie, afugitive, among the Highlands andIslands. This loyalty became avirtue to contemplate and dwell on.We read of it in the wonderfulcollections of heroic narratives ofthose who were the protectors andcompanions of the Prince during his

THE JACOBITE

perilous flight. Every traditionabout the Prince was cherished byhis adherents, whether it was of hisbrief period of splendour at Holy­rood, or \vhether it was during hismisery and danger in the Hebrides.The memory of every event waspreserved, and is still preserved.We know one castle where even yetthe white rose is still piously placedbeneath the portrait of 'Scotland'sheir' who was sheltered by forbearsof the owner, and some faithfulfamilies still own and regard withveneration the engraved glasses(which it was once dangerous topossess, and fOI- which now relichunters pay large prices), fromwhich their ancestors drank - attheir own risk-the health of ~'The

King over the \,vater.""'le are not unaware how, during

the perilous periods when doing so,the faithful Jacobites had to haverecourse to subterfuge. One old ladygave this toast, "The tongue no mancan tame-James 111. and VIII. H

;

while another JaCObite versified hisfeelings thus:.• God bless the King-I mean the faith's

, Defender,God bless-no harm in blessing -the

Pretender,But who Prelender is and who the King,God bless us all-that's quite another

thing."

But the toasts went round for allthat, though an incautious wordmight mean denunciation and exileor execution.

We read of one old lady who"though she had a deep personal re­gard for Queen Charlotte " " . yetthere was a tingle of jacobitism abouther. such as made her extremely dis·like to hear Prince Charles Edwardcalled the Young- Pretender, asmany loyal people did in those daysand marle her fond of telling of thethorn-tree in my Lord's park inScotland, which had been plantedhy bonny Queen Mary herself, andbefore which e\'ery guest in theCastle of Monkshaven was expectedto stand bareheaded, out of respectto the memory and misfortunes ofthe royal planter."

23

And this regard to the "memoryand misfortunes" of the past, trueloyalty thoug:h it was, did not pre\lentthe loyal remnant, as time went on,acquiescing as far as their duty badethem, in what had happened in theworld de facto. They still refused topray for King George and stroked hisname from their prayer books, theycollected Jacobite relics of everykind, but at the same time theyloved their native country and itsprestige. It is interesting thus tosee that Flora Macdonald, as LadyKingsburg:h, became one of the most"loyal" adherents to the British rulein rebellious America whither shehad gone from Scotland. Yet, wasshe not buried at the last, wrappedin a sheet in which her Prince,whom she had saved from hispursuers, had slept in Skye.

Though the cause was lost, theJacobite sentiment remained. Themany songs were still sung-first insecret, then as a Croon of the past,and in the end the Jacobite spiritprevailed. It is thus that we hear(as we do) llBonnie Laddie, HighlandLaddie" (originally a "disloyal" songof the Jacobite "Rebels") played a~

a march-past to-day at a RoyalReview, and "Hey! Johnny Cope!"as a quick·step. The song, "TheKing: shall enjoy his own again," canbe, and still is, reverently sung,although the last male of the olderdynasty, to which it made reference,died in exile from the ThreeKingdoms, '"King by the grace ofGod, but not by the will of men," ahundred and thirteen years ago.

Prince Charlie'& Cairn.On a hill at Arnish Loch, knownalso as 11 Prince Charlie's Loch," iserected a cairn, a memorial of PrinceCharles Edward's visit to the Lewisas a fugitive after ill·fated Culloden.It is a rou~h stone cairn twelve feethigh, having a granite slab, on whichthere is engraved a .. white rose"and the following inscription :-

II H R.H;. Prince Charles Edward, withthree attendants. landed in Loch SeaIorthon 4th May, li46. and walking all nightreached Arnish Loch at noon 5th May. Inthe evening he was received at KildunHouse by Lady Kildul1 (MacKenzie). Earlyon May 6th he left in a boat, and landed onEilean Inbhard, LochSheil, remaining thert:four days, and sailed thence to South Vistand Skye. The Princt:'s faithful pilot wasDonald MacLeod. Gaultergill. Skye. 'Deoch­slainte an High.'''

24

Flora Macdonald and NorthCarolina.

It is a far cry from the Isle of Skyeto the old American State of NorthCarolina, yet both are closely asso·ciated with the Scottish heroine,Flora Macdonald. By a recent mailwe received a most interesting book­let giving the history of the faun·dation of Flora Macdonald College,Red Springs, N.C., situated in theheart of the ancient settlement ofthe famous old Scottish clansmen inNorth Carolina-that is, the recog­nised centre of the Scots in America.After Culloden there came to NorthCarolina a powerful reinforcementof Highlanders, among them manyof the Clan Macdonald, includingthe romantic Flora Macdonald.

About two years ago we receiyedfrom the Flora Macdonald College,a beautifully printed and illustratedbiography of Prince Charlie's pre­server, containing inter alia, mostinteresting details of her efforts tomaintain British supremacy at theoutbreak of the American War ofIndependence. Of all those whosen'ed Prince Charlie, Flora Mac­donald perhaps suffered the least ofaU, her twelve months' captivityon the troopship in Leith Roadsand in London, being really atriumph, as she was courted andfeted by the most notable people ofthe day. The lasting fame and per­manent place in history which thegallant Flora owes to her chivalrousconnection with Prince Charlie arewell known, but her association withNorth Carolina is oot so well known.In ]750 she married the son ofMacdonald of Kingsburgh, where in1773 she entertained th!J.t stout oldTory, Dr. Johnsoo, who describesher as of middle stature, soft features,gentle manners, and elegant pre­sence. Flora Macclonald arrived inNorth Carolina in 1774. at a timewhen the troubles between Britainand the American colonists werereaching a crisis.

With characteristic loyalty, whichscorns danger and the path of themere time-server, Flora gave herenthusiastic support to the minoritywho upheld the British connection.A Highland Regiment was formed,and at Cross Creek-now Fayettville-vi~itors are still shown "FloraMacdonald's Tree." To-day, besidethe dusty highway, a broken oldstump lifts its head. It was once agreat oak, and under its spreadingbranches the Scottish heroine took

THE JACOBITE

her stand on February 18, 1776-thedark day of the "H igh land MarchOut." The regiment. raised partlyby her energies, came utterly togrief in its first encounter with thewily colonists, most of the loyalistsbeing taken prisoners. includingFlora's husband. At Wilmington.North Carolina, in order to meet herexpenses, Flora sold her precioussilver, prized because it was the giftof admiring friends in London, when,as the 11 Prince's preserver,') she wasthe centre of popular interest.

Memoirs of Baron Hyde DeNeuville.

Scattered all over Europe to-clay arethe descendants of the exiled Jaco­bites, and according to a Frenchpaper, there are Lorraine houseswhere they still pray for the Stuarts,with a fidelity to the mell1or~' of thefallen dynasty, of which there arevery few examples even in Britain.

That diligent student, the "lateAndrew Lang. came across the fol­lowing epitaph on the ::!ra\'e of aJacobite exile, which has alwaysseemed to us a striking illustrationof that ·intense devotion so oftenassociated with our Cause :-

" Keep me not long Mother EarthRut raise me with the noble PerthTo \'\'ear a.~ain the ""hite Cockade."

Amongst the many thousands ofgallant Royalists who were driveninto exile by the Orange andHanoverian u~urpations may bementioned Sir James Hyde, a des­cendant of the Clarendon family,who followed the Stuarts into exileafter Culloden. Sir lames Hydesettled in France, and the family indue course became French citizens."The Memoirs of Baron Hyde deNeuville" (1776-1857). translatedfrom the French by Frances Jacksolland published in 1913, is before usas we write these lines.

Baron H ~'dt was a grandson ofthe original Jacohite exile, fromwhom he inherited that unAinchingRoyalism which characterised hiswh'ole life-grandfather and grand­son both trod the dangerous path ofloyalty, both trod the path of exile.both had the same faith in theirhearts, and the same battle-cry ontheir lips-" for God and the Right­ful King."

A Royalist from childhood BaronHyde went to Paris at the age of lS"to help to save the throne," andfrom then onwards was engaged in

FEBRUARY, 1921

many attempts to restore the Bour­bon Monarchy. An illustration ofhis dauntless spirit occurs when hepublicly rebuked a notorious dema­gogue, at a time when the Frenchpeople were eagerly imbibing thoserevolutionary chimeras, which wereto culminate in a series of massacres,and seas of innocent hlood. BaronHyde refused to take the oath ofsubmission to Buonaparte, and wasoutlawed for eight years and exiledfor seven. But if he could no longertake part in politics he could doother things. He studied medicineand agriculture, and the history,laws, and social condition of Amet-ica,and thus unconsciously preparedhimself for the position he was tohold later on of French Ambassadorin the United States, under theBourbon Restoration.

Baron Hyde said, 1'1 have re­mained true to my convictions.When legitimacy, which J look uponas the key-stone, the necessary prin­ciple of monarchy, shall return. itwill find me, then as e\'er, desiringmonarchy without abuses. libertywithout licens:::. My last prayer shallbe for my country, cOll\'inced as Iam that her happiness and gloryare inseparable from hereditarymonarchy."

\¥riting in the H Nineteenth Cen­tury" some years ago, Lord Modeysaid "that the dc\'otion which onceanimated the followers of Stuart andBoubon, now marks a deeper lovefor the self-gO\·erning common­wealths" i but looking round at theworld to-day seething with unrestboth social and political, few willendorse Lord Morley's dictum.What is really wanted at the presenttime is a thousand such spirits asthat chivah:ous knight-errant ofmodern times, fearless and blameless-:Baron Hyde de Neuville.

Our Cause To-Day.Mr. Rathmell Wilson. novelist andjournalist. sends the following forpublication :-

No more for Bonnie Prince men fall.The Martyr Kin~ has breathed his last,Fools say the Stual1 Cause is dead.Its glory only of the past.

Yet in these calmer days. a-Aame.From heart to heart the touch still goesWhile memory of our deathless deadKeeps cver-fragrant our whitc rosc.

Printed and Published by THOl.lAS AoA.l.IS. GlildstoneRoad. Gisborne. 1".Z.. (or the propriE:tors :-C. C. Bag­nall. Ronlt:olea, Palmerslon ~orlh. and C. A. Rowell.103 Clifford Street. Gisborne. 100h Fc:bruary. 1921.