the italian renaissance duomo, by brunelleschi florence, italy
TRANSCRIPT
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The Italian Renaissance
Duomo, by BrunelleschiFlorence, Italy
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Medieval Renaissance• Other worldly• Glory of God• Spiritual fulfillment• Rural• Retreat from world• Tradition • Static
• Enjoy the world• Glory of man• Self-fulfillment• Urban• Active citizenship• Curiosity• Dynamic (ever-
changing)
Switch in Emphasis
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Where did it begin?• Italy – especially
Florence• Center of trade
between Muslims & Europeans– Vast wealth from
trade– Diffusion of ideas
from Muslims, Asians and Byzantines
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Causes of the Renaissance
• Rise of Capitalism
• Rediscovery of Greece and Rome
• Urbanization • Atmosphere
of Political Violence
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Machiavelli
A New Concept of Virtue
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Power of the Church vs. Power of Rulers
Medieval Prince
• Christian ideals:–honesty–kindness–pious– courage– wisdom– justice
Machiavelli’s Prince
• Appear to be:– kind, just, religious,
merciful• BUT… if necessary, be
willing to:– use deceit– be cruel– lie, cheat, betray, kill
• Trust no one!
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Quickwrite: Pick one of these Machiavellian quotes to write about. Describe what you think he is saying and then apply his
ideas to today. Do his words ring true? Explain.
• The end justifies the means!• Love is a bond men break if it is to their
advantage.• A prince (leader) must not mind if he is thought
cruel.• Men are ungrateful, fickle, liars and deceivers.• It is much safer to be feared than loved.
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Spirit of the Renaissance
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Spirit of the Renaissance
• Fascination with classic cultures
• Inquiry – time of seeking answers
• Secular - concerned with non-religious subjects
• Realism: of the human form• Interest in scholarship
(learning)
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Spirit of the Renaissance
• Humanism–this world is important–emphasis on man–individualism–commitment to public service
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Spirit of the Renaissance
• Universal Man–Belief in
human potential – idealism
–Can do many things and do them well
–Leonardo daVinci
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Daily Life• 3 social classes
–Upper (2%) – merchants, bankers–Commercial (23%) – shopkeepers,
artisans–Lower – (75%) – laborers, farmers
• Only the upper class enjoyed the benefits of the Renaissance–Ruled by large families and guilds–Patrons paid for work of artisans
and scholars
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Art in the Renaissance
School of Athens, Raphael
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Counterpoint: Classical Art
Classical art often showed scenes of idealized bodies
that appeared to be in motion. Celebrated leaders,
gods and goddesses.
Discobolos, Myron; 4th B.C.E.
Procession of Alexander the Great
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Counterpoint: Medieval Art
Bernardo Daddi (1290-ca. 1348)
Art of the Middle Ages was often flat, with a
disproportional rendition of the human form with elongated, narrow faces,
hands, and feet.
Hildegard van Bingen
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Renaissance Art: Scientific precision
Duomo Firenze, Brunelleschi
Campidoglio Roma, Michelangeloda Vinci
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Renaissance Art: Realism
Women’s Hands, da Vinci
Vitruvian Man, da Vinci
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Renaissance Art: Proportion & Perspective
Cowper Madonna, Raphael
Cestello Annunciation, Botticelli
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Renaissance Art: Secularism
Mona Lisa, da Vinci
Lady with Ermine, da Vinci
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Renaissance Art: Classical References
The Birth of Venus, Botticelli
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Selected Artists of the Renaissance
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Renaissance Art: Selected Works
Raphael
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Renaissance Art: Selected Works
Michelangelo
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Renaissance Art: Selected Works
da Vinci
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You Decide…Classical?Medieval?
Renaissance?
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RenaissanceMadonna with Child and Two
Angels ~
Filippo Lippi (1406)
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ClassicalBathing Venus
~ Unknown
(3rd B.C.E.)
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RenaissanceTitian ~ Venus & Adonis
(1550 C.E.)
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MedievalMadonna &
Child in Majesty
~ Cimabue (1280)
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ClassicalGrave Stele of
Hegeso~
Unknown(400 B.C.E.)
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Medieval ~ Bayeux TapestryUnknown(400 B.C.E.)
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RenaissancePieta
~Michelangelo(1475 C.E.)