the islamic calendar
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Introduction:
This book was made by: Sam, Tim, Cas en Ivo.
We choose the Islamic Calendar because, it’s one of the most well
calendars and it’s not like most calendars based on the moon. Also the calendar
is still the same, as it was in the
chose the Islamic Calendar.
This book was made by: Sam, Tim, Cas en Ivo.
We choose the Islamic Calendar because, it’s one of the most well
calendars and it’s not like most calendars based on the moon. Also the calendar
is still the same, as it was in the beginning. And it’s also so precise. That why we
chose the Islamic Calendar.
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We choose the Islamic Calendar because, it’s one of the most well-known
calendars and it’s not like most calendars based on the moon. Also the calendar
beginning. And it’s also so precise. That why we
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Contents
1. History
2. Important
3. Today
• Differen
4. The End
t festivals
nces
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History
In the past inscriptions of ancient South Arabian calendars were found. These
calendars revealed that there were several local calendars in that time. Most of these
calendars were based on the moon. In
evidence (evidence in old inscriptions)
of Muslim authors of the Abbasid era. Two writers of
month names were borrowed from the Paga
months in 2 types of months, permitted and forbidden months. The forbidden months
are 4 months during which fighting is forbidden. These months aren’t linked to
particular seasons. While the Qur’an does link the forbid
this calendar used in Muslim countries.
In the past inscriptions of ancient South Arabian calendars were found. These
calendars revealed that there were several local calendars in that time. Most of these
calendars were based on the moon. In Mecca, never really was found epigraphically
evidence (evidence in old inscriptions), but the researchers found details in the writings
of Muslim authors of the Abbasid era. Two writers of those details suggest that the
month names were borrowed from the Pagan Arabs. They had also divided the
months in 2 types of months, permitted and forbidden months. The forbidden months
are 4 months during which fighting is forbidden. These months aren’t linked to
particular seasons. While the Qur’an does link the forbidden months to a season. Still is
this calendar used in Muslim countries.
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In the past inscriptions of ancient South Arabian calendars were found. These
calendars revealed that there were several local calendars in that time. Most of these
epigraphically
details in the writings
suggest that the
They had also divided the 12
months in 2 types of months, permitted and forbidden months. The forbidden months
are 4 months during which fighting is forbidden. These months aren’t linked to
den months to a season. Still is
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Important festivals!
Hello reader,
Here you can read the different festivals of the islametic calendar. I (Sam) tried to
put them all together on a few pages but I know that there are more festivals. But I
tried to pick the best one!
Before you start reading what each festival is you fit can read in the table I (Sam)
made (the one which are blue there I will tell you something about!):
Date : Day: Festival:
Jan 24, 2013 Thursday Milad Un Nabi Jan 29, 2013 Tuesday Milad Un Nabi (shia)
Jun 05, 2013 Wednesday Lailat Al Miraj Jun 23, 2013 Sunday Lailat Al Bara'ah
Jul 09, 2013 Tuesday Ramadan (start)
Aug 03, 2013 Saturday Laylat Al Kadr
Aug 08, 2013 Thursday Eid-al-fitr (end Of
Ramadan)
Oct 14, 2013 Monday Waqf Al Arafa - Hajj Oct 15, 2013 Tuesday Eid-al-adha
Nov 04, 2013 Monday Hijra - Islamic New Year Nov 13, 2013 Wednesday Day Of Ashura
• Durbar festival:
The durbar festival is a very special festival for Muslims. This festival is only
celebrated in different cities in Nigeria. So not in other cities of the world.
Some cities were they organize this festival are the cities: Kano, Katsina and
Bida! The Durbar festival begins with prayers these are then followed by a
parade of the Emir and his entourage on horses, with music players and the
parade is ending at the empire’s palace! These festivals are mostly considered as
tourist attractions but is also held because of the culmination of Muslim
festivals: Eid al- Fitr and Eid al –Adha .
See next page pictures.
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•
• Milad un Nabi (prophets birthday)
This celebration is mostly known in the Muslim culture (a little bit logical because
we are talking about the Islametic
Muslim countries . Why is this day
the birth of the prophet Muhammad. Celebrated in the third month of the
calendar (islametic). The celebration is believed to have its origins from the 8
century. This was because the
into a prayers house.
the Shias. A lot of years ago (i think even centuries ago) the day was celebrated
with huge processions, speeches
sacrificed! In the 12 century the Sunnis
a different date than we celebrate the day now. By the
century this celebration became a national day in many different countries of
the world! The prophet’s birthday is celebrate
on the country where it is held. It’s a little bit logical we also celebrate
Christmas different than people do in Greece and Italy.
Date: Januray 24,2013
Type:religious
Can also be called: malwid, ID
– E Milad, the prophet’s
birthday !
Celebrations: Donating money
to poor people and exchanging
gifts !
hets birthday):
This celebration is mostly known in the Muslim culture (a little bit logical because
we are talking about the Islametic calendar!). It is most celebrated
Muslim countries . Why is this day celebrated? Well, this day is to think about
of the prophet Muhammad. Celebrated in the third month of the
calendar (islametic). The celebration is believed to have its origins from the 8
century. This was because the prophet’s house (where he was born
house. Actually in the original time this celebration was held by
the Shias. A lot of years ago (i think even centuries ago) the day was celebrated
processions, speeches were held, gifts were offered and animals were
In the 12 century the Sunnis adopted this festival,
a different date than we celebrate the day now. By the begging
this celebration became a national day in many different countries of
prophet’s birthday is celebrated in different ways this
on the country where it is held. It’s a little bit logical we also celebrate
Christmas different than people do in Greece and Italy. See below pictures.
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This celebration is mostly known in the Muslim culture (a little bit logical because
most celebrated in the
day is to think about
of the prophet Muhammad. Celebrated in the third month of the
calendar (islametic). The celebration is believed to have its origins from the 8th
(where he was born) was changed
in the original time this celebration was held by
the Shias. A lot of years ago (i think even centuries ago) the day was celebrated
offered and animals were
well it was held in
begging of the 20
this celebration became a national day in many different countries of
ent ways this depends
on the country where it is held. It’s a little bit logical we also celebrate
See below pictures.
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• Eid-al-fitr (end of Ramadan)
An another name for this festival is Hari raya Puasa this means : “day of
celebration” this is a im
call this festival “het suikerfeest
al-fitr is an important festival.
Because………………………………………….i
one month of fasting. Now you know already why these
celebrate it! When this day begins the Muslims wake up very early and go to the
mosque to pray there after this they will visit the graves.
go to another public place to be
evening starts the Muslims go again to the mosque to recite the takabir.
takabir is a special kind of pray to allah. Can also be called party orison.
this pray is done the
neigbours, friends, poor people and dead people.
special oil lamps are used to give light in the houses and mosques. These oil lamps
continuing lighting until the end of the festival (they start lighting
day of Ramadan)! In Eid
decorate them in a new
evening they come togeth
and ketupat (a meat
day eat is baklava a sweet meal.
candy stalls. During eid
other. Mostly the second day (the sjawwal) is also a festival.
Hari Raya puasa , Eid-al-fitr
, end of the Ramadan .
Type:national
Also called: Hari raya
Aidilfitri
Celebrations: visiting
relatives houses and wearing
traditional costumes.
fitr (end of Ramadan)
An another name for this festival is Hari raya Puasa this means : “day of
celebration” this is a important festival by the Muslims. In the Netherlands we
het suikerfeest” .Especially in Malaysia and Singapore
important festival. . Why is it so important for the Mus
Because………………………………………….it’s the end of the Ramadan !!!! ☺
one month of fasting. Now you know already why these Muslims want to
hen this day begins the Muslims wake up very early and go to the
mosque to pray there after this they will visit the graves. The Muslims
public place to be there together with other Muslims
evening starts the Muslims go again to the mosque to recite the takabir.
takabir is a special kind of pray to allah. Can also be called party orison.
this pray is done the Muslims embrace each other and think about their
poor people and dead people. To make the festival a lot more
special oil lamps are used to give light in the houses and mosques. These oil lamps
ing lighting until the end of the festival (they start lighting
! In Eid-al-fitr all Muslim people want to clean their
ew way they also want to put on new clothes and in the
they come together with their family with delicious food (cak
meal) ). But the most important meal the Muslims than that
day eat is baklava a sweet meal. In some islametic countries there
During eid-al-fitr every one wants to be happy and nice to each
other. Mostly the second day (the sjawwal) is also a festival.
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An another name for this festival is Hari raya Puasa this means : “day of
In the Netherlands we
ly in Malaysia and Singapore the eid-
hy is it so important for the Muslims?
☺ The Ramadan is
Muslims want to
hen this day begins the Muslims wake up very early and go to the
Muslims can also
Muslims. When the
evening starts the Muslims go again to the mosque to recite the takabir. The
takabir is a special kind of pray to allah. Can also be called party orison. When
embrace each other and think about their family,
To make the festival a lot more
special oil lamps are used to give light in the houses and mosques. These oil lamps
ing lighting until the end of the festival (they start lighting in the 20th
their houses and
on new clothes and in the
er with their family with delicious food (cakes, biscuits
But the most important meal the Muslims than that
there are fairs and
be happy and nice to each
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Hari raya Haji
Date: October 15, 2013
Type: religious
Celebrations: prayer,
Exchanging gifts and wearing
new clothes.
Also called: Eid-al-Adha ,Bakri
Id.
• Eid-al-adha
Has also some other names you can read these names in the box. This is also a
important festival for the Muslims. In dutch we call it “het offerfeest”.The day
is celebrated on the 10th day of the last month of the calendar (islametic). Why
is it celebrated? Because to sacrifice to Abraham. People give gifts and sacrifice
to Abraham a very important man ! The story about Abraham is very long. I tried
to put all the important information about the story into this text!
According to the story in Quran (the religious book of the Muslims were you can
read all the important stories from the Muslims!): Around 4000 years ago in a
valley o Mecca . Abraham lived there with his beautiful wife Hajra. They got one
son and called them Ishamel. For Abraham and his wife, Ishamel was everything
for them . To test the devotion of Abraham god commanded Abraham to
sacrifice Abraham’s only son ( Ishamel). Abraham didn’t want to do it and
discussed a lot with the Satan but unfortunately Abraham sacrificed his son.
Abraham sacrificed Ishamel by placing him under a knife. Bleh! � But when
Abraham was ready to put his son on the knife god appeared and was very happy
what Abraham did. He saved Ishamel and instead of Ishamel on the knife a ram
was sacrificed on Ishamels place.
I (Sam) think that this is a very interesting story!
This festival is held by many Muslims! Muslims around
the hole world celebrate this festival with many show
and energy! The Muslims wake up very early in the
morning to offer their prayers before the sun has
risen. When this is done by most of the Muslims start
to prepare special and delicious meals. The most
important thing Muslims do during this day is
sacrifice a goat, chicken, cow, ram, etc. to Allah this
has to do with the story of Abraham and his son
Ishalem. All the Muslims give gifts and wear special and new clothes. By the
Muslims this is ofcours a public day this is also the reason why in all the Muslims
countries the schools are close and why people don’t have to work. I first
thought bleh who wants to kill an animal to a god. But now when I read and wrote
about this festival I saw that it is very normal for the Muslims to do this. It’s
the same when we celebrate eastern with searching eggs. Maybe the Muslims
think that this is strange. But there are differences in the world and we have to
live and accept this. I (Sam) think that this is very important for the life of
people!
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• Hijra (Islamic new year)
Again this is a very important festival for the Muslims. But I can’t tell that much
about this festival than the other I have told you something about! The Muslims
celebrate this day that the new Islamic calendar starts. It’s actually the same
when we celebrate old and new year. Only the Muslims do this in a different way
. We (the not Muslim people) celebrate old and new when it’s 31 December by
the Muslims the date changes every year. The Islamic calendar has also 12 days
shorter than our calendar. See below when New Year is by the Muslims. As you
can see this year the Muslims celebrate New Year already on 4/5 November this
is very early.
Islamic Year Gregorian Date
1430 AH 28/29 December 2008
1431 AH 17/18 December 2009
1432 AH 7/8 December 2010
1433 AH 26/27 November 2011
1434 AH 14/15 November 2012
1435 AH 4/5 November 2013
1436 AH 24/25 October 2014
1437 AH 13/14/15 October 201
The dates of the new year’s depend on the position of the moon! Islamic New Year
is celebrated on the first day of Muharram, the first Islamic month. Compared to
Western calendars, the Islamic year goes 11 days backwards every year. (So, in
2011 on the Western Calendar, the New Year is November 26.)
I couldn’t find information about how the Muslims celebrate this. � But I hope you
enjoyed my subject about Muslims festivals.
Source: new year (islamic)
Wikipedia
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Islamic calendar
Islamic calendar: year 1434
It is now the 4th month of the year and the 29
A month takes 29 or 30 days depends on the moon if you can see the moon at sunset so
if there are no clouds the 29
the 29th there are 30 day in that month
There are 12 months in an Islamic year
1. Murraham it means ‘forbidden’
2. Safar it means ‘void’
3. Rabi 1 it means ‘the first spring’
4. Rabi 2 it means ‘the sec
5. Jumada 1 it means ‘the first month of parched land’
6. Jumada 2 it means ‘the second or last month of parched land’
7. Rajab it means ‘honor’
8. Sha‘ban it means ‘scattered’
9. Ramadan it means ‘scorched’
10. Shawwal it means ‘raised’
11. Dhu-al Qa’da it means ‘the one of truce’
12. Dhu al-Hijja it means ‘
The months Dhu Al-Hijja , Dhu Al
months you may not fight.
calendar today
Islamic calendar: year 1434
of the year and the 29th day of the Hijri
A month takes 29 or 30 days depends on the moon if you can see the moon at sunset so
if there are no clouds the 29th there are 29 day and if you can’t see the moon at sunset
there are 30 day in that month
There are 12 months in an Islamic year
Murraham it means ‘forbidden’
Rabi 1 it means ‘the first spring’
Rabi 2 it means ‘the second or last spring’
Jumada 1 it means ‘the first month of parched land’
Jumada 2 it means ‘the second or last month of parched land’
Rajab it means ‘honor’
Sha‘ban it means ‘scattered’
Ramadan it means ‘scorched’
Shawwal it means ‘raised’
al Qa’da it means ‘the one of truce’
Hijja it means ‘̕the one of pilgrimage
Hijja , Dhu Al-Qa’da and Murraham are the ‘forbidden’ ones in these
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A month takes 29 or 30 days depends on the moon if you can see the moon at sunset so
there are 29 day and if you can’t see the moon at sunset
Qa’da and Murraham are the ‘forbidden’ ones in these
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The seven days of the Islamic week:
1. The Sunday: al-Ahad it means ‘the first day’
2. The Monday: al-Ithnayn it means ‘the second day’
3. The Tuesday: ath-Thalaathaa’ it means ‘the third day’
4. The Wednesday: al-Abga’aa’ it means ‘the fourth day’
5. The Thursday: al-Khamis it means ‘the fifth day’
6. The Friday: al-Jumu’ah it means ‘gathering day’
7. The Saturday: as-Sabt it means ‘sabbath day’
Differences
Differences between Gregorian (‘our’) calendar and the Hijri (‘Islamic’) calendar:
� The Gregorian calendar’s starting point is the birth of Jesus in the
year 0
The Hijri’s starting point is when Mohamed goes from Mecca to
Medina in the Gregorian calendar the year 622
� The Gregorian calendar has a fixed amount of days
By the Hijri it depends on the visibility of the moon
� A day in the Gregorian calendar begins at midnight
A day in the Hijri begins at sunset
� The rest day in the Gregorian calendar is the Sunday
The rest day of the Islamic calendar is the Friday
� The weekends in the most Gregorian calendar used countries are
the same
The weekends in most the Hijri used
� In the most countries the Gregorian calendar is the same
There are a lot of different years, months and days in the countries
that use an Islamic calendar some people don’t even know in which year
they are.
The seven days of the Islamic week:
Ahad it means ‘the first day’
Ithnayn it means ‘the second day’
Thalaathaa’ it means ‘the third day’
Abga’aa’ it means ‘the fourth day’
Khamis it means ‘the fifth day’
Jumu’ah it means ‘gathering day’
Sabt it means ‘sabbath day’
Differences between Gregorian (‘our’) calendar and the Hijri (‘Islamic’) calendar:
The Gregorian calendar’s starting point is the birth of Jesus in the
s starting point is when Mohamed goes from Mecca to
Medina in the Gregorian calendar the year 622
The Gregorian calendar has a fixed amount of days
By the Hijri it depends on the visibility of the moon
A day in the Gregorian calendar begins at midnight
day in the Hijri begins at sunset
The rest day in the Gregorian calendar is the Sunday
The rest day of the Islamic calendar is the Friday
The weekends in the most Gregorian calendar used countries are
the same
The weekends in most the Hijri used countries are different
In the most countries the Gregorian calendar is the same
There are a lot of different years, months and days in the countries
that use an Islamic calendar some people don’t even know in which year
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Differences between Gregorian (‘our’) calendar and the Hijri (‘Islamic’) calendar:
The Gregorian calendar’s starting point is the birth of Jesus in the
s starting point is when Mohamed goes from Mecca to
The Gregorian calendar has a fixed amount of days
A day in the Gregorian calendar begins at midnight
The rest day in the Gregorian calendar is the Sunday
The weekends in the most Gregorian calendar used countries are
countries are different
In the most countries the Gregorian calendar is the same
There are a lot of different years, months and days in the countries
that use an Islamic calendar some people don’t even know in which year
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The End
We hope you enjoyed our presentation or book, and that you are a
little bit smarter now.
We used the sources:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_calendar
http://www.islamicfinder.org/dateConversion.php
joyed our presentation or book, and that you are a
little bit smarter now.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_calendar
http://www.islamicfinder.org/dateConversion.php
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joyed our presentation or book, and that you are a