the international food standards and recommendations prof. elisaveta stikova m.d., ph.d. school of...
TRANSCRIPT
The International Food Standards and
Recommendations
Prof. Elisaveta StikovaM.D., Ph.D.
School of MedicineUniversity “St. Cyril and
Methodius” – SkopjeRepublic of Macedonia
The expansion of international food trade leads to:
Social and economical benefit, Many trade barriers,Increase of food related hazards,Need for protection of human,
animal and plant life and health, Need for fair and correct practice.
International Organizations:
Codex Alimentarius for food safety and human health,
International Office of Epizootics for animal health and zoonoses,
International Plant Protection Convention for plant health.
Codex Alimentarius Commission:
Founded by FAO in 1961 and WHO in 1963,
167 member countries,Responsible for the Joint FAO/WHO
Food Standards Program since 1962,
http://www.codexalimentarius.net/
Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC):
Objectives:To protect human health,To accept food standards,To protect consumer rights,To ensure fair food trade
practice.
Organization of CAC:
Executive Committee 5 Regional Committees, 9 Horizontal Committees,11 Product Committees, 3 Ad-hoc Intergovernmental
Task Working Groups
CAC supports:
Scientists and researchers,Scientific and research laboratories,Scientific and research institutes,Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committees
Structure and contents of Codex Alimentarius:
Codex Alimentarius is composed of 14 volumes distributed in 17 books
Each book (by group of products) contains standards, guidelines, recommendations...
Achievements:
237 Food Standards, 3274 Limits for pesticides residues,1300 Food additives evaluated, 289 Limits of veterinary drug residues, 197 Pesticides evaluated, 43 Code of Practice, 33 Guidelines.
Transparency of Codex Alimentarius:
The information for all the standards, regulations, guides and other recommendations are available on the web page http://www.codexalimentarius.net/
National Codex Contact Point
function:
Relation between the Secretariat and the member countries
Coordination of all relevant Codex activities in their own country,
Acceptance of all final Codex–texts (standards, guidelines, advisory texts)
International Organization for Epizootics (OIE):
Founded by International Agreement in 1924,
162 member countries, www.oie.int
OIE Objectives:
To ensure transparency of animal
diseases status in the world,To collect, analyze and disseminate
veterinary scientific information,To develop animal health and biological
standards,To coordinate approach to disease
outbreaks.
OIE Organization:
International Committee Central Bureau, Working Groups, 5 Regional Commissions, 4 Specialist Technical Commissions
OIE Specialist Technical Commissions:
International Animal Health Code Commission,
Standards Commission,Foot and Mouth Disease and other
Epizootics Commissions andFish Diseases Commission.
Achievements:
The Code - provides international standards,
The Manual - gives the diagnostic techniques and vaccine control methods,
A Code and Manual for aquatic animals.
Network:
144 Reference Laboratories in 30 countries,
cover 47 terrestrial and 22 aquatic animal diseases
9 Collaborating Centers in 7 countries,
Centers of expertise and standardization
Transparency of OIE(1):
Reporting for disease outbreaks and incidents
Active search and verification of non-official information
Improving of knowledge for the global data situation
Data quality,Essential for safe trade
Transparency of OIE(2):
OIE Early Warning System, Weekly Diseases Information, Two-month bulletins, Three-month scientific review, Annual World Animal Health
Report.
International Plant Protection Convention(IPPC)
IPPC came in force in 1952, Amended in 1979, 1991 and
1997 117 member countries http://www.ippc.int
IPPC Objectives(1):
To provide joint and effective action to prevent the introduction and spread of pests of plants and plant products,
To provide joint and effective action to prevent the entry and spread of plant and plant product diseases,
IPPC Objectives(2):
To promote appropriate measures for
phytosanitary control,
To develop phytosanitary standards,
To support the harmonization of regulation,
IPPC Objectives(3):
To conduct treatments and certify exports,
To share information on pests and regulations,
To define storage conditions,To control biological
pests/organisms.
Trade elements of the IPPC:
International standards for phytosanitary measures,
Phytosanitary certification,Dispute settlement,Requirements for imports.
IPPC Organization:
IPPC Secretariat,9 Regional Plant Protection
OrganizationsInterim Commission on
Phytosanitary measures,Standards Committee.
Relationship to the IPPC:
GMO’sBiosafety, biocontrol and
application of phytosanitary measures,
Alien invasive species,Environmental hazards/risks.