The International Codes and Resilience: You Can’t Have One without the Other

David Karmol4/21/2016

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Credit(s) earned on completion of this course will be reported to AIA CES for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for both AIA members and non-AIA members are available upon request.

Provider: AIA Pittsburgh, A217Course: Codes_BP16 .

This course is registered with AIA

CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner ofhandling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product.___________________________________________Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.

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This course will provide an overview of the International Codes that help increase the resilience of buildings by mitigating the risks from natural and man-made disasters and from climate-related impacts. We will review the recent changes to the International Building Code (IBC), the International Residential Code (IRC), and the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) that affect new construction and substantial renovations; the upcoming changes to the International Green Construction Code (IGCC); and how all of the codes relate to green building rating systems. Highlights of pending or proposed Federal policies impacting building codes will also be discussed.

CourseDescription

LearningObjectives

1. Understand the nature of resiliency, and how various definitions of the term affect what elements are seen as critical or important to new and existing buildings.  2. Recognize developing trends in the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC), and how those trends intersect with other trends in residential and commercial construction. 3. Understand the development process of the International Codes, and how recent changes implemented by the organization make participation in code development easier and more accessible.  4. Discuss issues and conflicts that affect the development of the codes, and how the resolution of such issues may impact future design and construction practices.

At the end of the this course, participants will be able to:

In buildings, what is Resilience?- Defining it is critical to how the building is expected

to perform.- Ex. 1: at an early discussion on “Resilience” hosted by

DHS, I asked the question, and the answer was: “The ability to bounce back; continuing the functions of the building after a disaster.”

What is Resilience?• A better definition is contained in the Industry Statement, a

coalition of 31 orgs, representing over 750,000 within the construction/design industry (ICC, AIA, NAHB, AGC, etc):

• …we define resilience as the ability to prepare and plan for, absorb, recover from, and more successfully adapt to adverse events.”– Prepare and plan– Absorb– Recover from– Adapt to

“Prepare and Plan”• The I-codes incorporate mitigation strategies, that address

potential risks: windstorms, flooding, seismic, fires, and more recently, intentional acts.

– Wind: Requirements for glass walls, roofing materials

– Flooding: elevation requirements, equipment location

– Seismic: flexible mounts, bracing,

– Fires: materials and coatings, egress routes, signage

Absorb

• In the context of buildings, absorb means the ability to fully protect occupants and the public, from adverse events.– Glass does not break / create hazardous shards;

walls and framing do not collapse– Building functions, despite high water– Building structure remains intact during seismic

event– Building withstands fire, occupants safely escape.

Recover from

• Basic integrity of building is maintained, cosmetic, or component damage can be repaired, replaced or rebuilt.

• Core functions/systems located to minimize damage, and permit rebuilding.

Adapt to

• In the context of buildings, this means that we take into account recent events, and incorporate new requirements into the code, that reflect lessons learned.– Impact-resistant glass, minimize windborne hazards– Flood vents required, elevated mechanical equipment– New fasteners, joints and load points– Egress markings, building core hardening

IECC Trends

• International Energy Conservation Code©, or IECC, was originally published as the Model Energy Code in 1992, as a joint project of CABO and DOE. In 2000, it was revised and published as the IECC, and has been re-published every 3 years since.

• DOE uses the IECC as the base requirement for residential EE, and the ASHRAE 90.1 as the base for commercial

IECC trends- res and comm

• On the residential side, at the same time we have seen dramatic increases in efficiency (esp from 2006 to 2012), we now see increased focus on usability, and ease of compliance, with a third compliance path added in 2015– Prescriptive, Performance (calculated), ERI

• Commercial, seeing an increasing convergence of performance paths from the ASHRAE 90.1 integrated into, alternative to, or replacing some prescriptive requirements.

Intersects: Ratings/certifications

• In both the commercial and residential marketplace, we see more focus on efficiency, “green” ratings and certs, and commissioning.

• Commissioning/ actual building performance now becoming more important to LEED and other rating systems.

• New Homes: 33% in 2014, 38% in 2015 HERS rated- the new IECC ERI path allows use of the HERS rating to show code compliance

ICC’s Family of Model Codes• Intl Building Code (IBC)• Intl Residential Code (IRC)• Intl Fire Code (IFC)• Intl Energy Conservation Code• Intl Plumbing Code (IPC)• Intl Private Sewage Disposal• Intl Mechanical Code (IMC)• Intl Fuel Gas Code (IFGC)• Intl Wildland-Urban Interface • Intl Existing Building Code• Intl Property Maintenance Code• ICC Performance Code (ICCPC)• Intl Zoning Code (IZC)• Intl Green Construction Code (IgCC)• Intl Swimming Pool Code (ISPSC)

Coordinated and consistent

• While this means that what is in the IBC and IRC is not contradicted by any other code, the other codes add detail/specificity.

• IEBC- when/where specifically do buildings being renovated need to comply with current code.

• ISPSC- pools, spas, water features• IWUI- Designing/ landscaping for WUI

LEED

LEED, Green Globes, raise the ceiling: I-codes lift the floor.

• Buildings/homes built to 2015 IECC are 30% more efficient (on average) than those built to the 2006 IECC

• Provisions in the I-codes (esp. IgCC) also address water efficiency, noise, IAQ, daylighting, automatic lighting controls, and other elements pioneered by the green building community.

• What were once options, are now being incorporated into base IBC/IRC requirements.

IgCC integration with 189.1

• 2018 IgCC to be powered by ANSI/ASHRAE/ICC/IES/USGBC Standard 189.1

• ICC will be responsible for Ch. 1, Scope/Admin, and will coordinate tech content w. Ch 1

• ASHRAE SSPC will consider 2015 IgCC provisions for inclusion in 189.1

• Steering committee will include reps from ICC, ASHRAE,USGBC,AIA, IES, and SSPC 189.1

• 2018 IgCC will fully align w/LEED rating system

How Resilience is built into the I-codes

After every building disaster…

• NIST, FEMA, OSHA, CSB others issue reports (sometimes after Congressionally mandated investigations, e.g. 9-11, sometimes as part of statutory duties)

• Reports usually contain list of recommendations. ICC examines those, and works with agencies on how such ideas can be added to the codes. Code Action Committees, etc.

Code Action Committees

• Building Code Action Committee (BCAC)• Fire Code Action Committee (FCAC)• Plumbing, Mechanical and Fuel Gas Code Acti

on Committee (PMGCAC)• Sustainability, Energy & High Performance Buil

ding Code Action Committee (SEHPCAC)

“Code Action Committees (CAC) will be utilized as discipline specific bodies to act as a forum to deal with complex technical issues ahead of the Code Development Process, identify emerging issues and draft proposed code changes of importance to the membership.”

Provisions generated from disaster reports…

• 9-11: Building core/ elevator shaft hardening, luminescent egress markings; additional stairwells- buildings over 420 ft; more robust fireproofing

• Joplin tornado: Storm shelters in high occupancy & school structures; roof material restrictions

• Sofa Center Super Store; Hurricane Katrina; Superstorm Sandy, etc.

2015 Changes to the PA UCC• While PA doesn’t adoptall the 2015 codes, it does take pieces, and this bookhas all the changes, cross-references to 2009 sec. #, and explains the change

• IBC, IRC, IECC and IFC provisions included

• $23.95 member, 29.95 non

cdpAccess– a new paradigm for code development

Type: www.cdpaccess.comin browser

Log on with“My ICC” user

name and password

Use email address associated with ICC account notyour personal email address

Time line tells uswhere we are inthe code developmentprocess

Submit a code change proposal

Select code, chapter and section

Note: Updates and new features may be added later

IgCC Chapter 7

Section 702selected

Scroll down and select provision to be modified

Remember to Submit a Reason and Cost Impact Statement

Click here

Want to Collaborate Before Submittal?

If collaboration is desired, it must be done before you finalize and submit

Invite

Rules• Can Comment• Can Edit• Co-Proponent

Publicor

Private• Private• Public

Private – only the people you specifically invite can view and comment

Public – anyone can view but will have to email proponent to get permission to comment

Viewing Your Proposals

Code change proposals posted and can be viewed on cdpACCESS

Process Timeline

Federal policies

• Executive Order: Establishing a Federal Earthquake Risk Management Standard

• Issued Feb 2, 2016• Requires buildings built OR leased for Federal

offices/facilities, to meet all seismic provisions of 2015 IBC/IRC

• Buildings that meet PA UCC, may NOT be acceptable for Federal offices or facilities.

Presenter’s soapbox moment

• Why does the IRC, since 2009 edition, require automatic fire sprinklers in single family homes? A: resilience from fire

• Required for many years in apartments, townhouses, hotels, commercial buildings

• Most fire deaths occur in homes ~ 3,000/yr• New construction materials techniques • Larger quantity of highly combustible contents

Automatic Fire Sprinklers• According to U.L. study “Structural Stability of

Engineered Lumber in Fire Conditions”• Table 2 —Collapse (in minutes) : assembly 1 (2”x10” dimensional lumber)- 18:30 assembly 2 (12” engineered I-joists)-------- 06:00

Scottsdale Report: A 15-year study

• Scottsdale Sprinkler Ordinance implemented 1/1/86 and evaluated through 1/1/01– 41,408 homes have sprinklers

(more than 50%)• 598 home fires, 49 fires in sprinklered homes

– No deaths in sprinklered homes– 13 people died in homes without sprinklers– 92% controlled with two heads or less

Scottsdale Report: A 15-year study

• Less water damage in sprinklered homes– Sprinkler systems discharged an

average of 341 gallons of water/fire– This compares to an average of 2,935 gallons of

water/fire that would have been released by firefighter hoses

Scottsdale Report: A 15-year study

• Less fire damage in sprinklered homes– Average fire loss per single family sprinklered fire

incident: $2,166 (15 yrs, 49 fires)

– Average fire loss per unsprinklered residential incident: $45,019 (1998-2001 86 fires)

Any Questions?

• Thanks for your attendance and attention• May, is Building Safety Month: 2016 Theme:

Building Codes: Driving Growth Through Innovation, Resilience and Safety

• Look for activities with your local ICC chapter, and with national/state proclamations, to educate and inform about building safety.

• Contact information:– dkarmol@iccsafe.org

This concludes The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems Course

Provider Name/Logo David Karmol: dkarmol@iccsafe.org