the imperfect tense: regular verbs and irregular verbs
TRANSCRIPT
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The Imperfect Tense:Regular Verbsand irregular verbs
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Preterite
You have already learned to talk about the past using the preterite tense for actions that began and ended at a definite time.
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Preterite
Ana cantó en la fiesta anoche.
Ana sang at the party last night.
(Completed past action.)
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Imperfect The imperfect tense is another
way to talk about the past. We use it to describe actions without any indication of their beginning or end.
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Imperfect
Ana cantaba. Ana used to sing. (No indication of beginning
or end.)
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Imperfect We use the imperfect to talk
about actions that happened repeatedly in the past. In English we often say “used to” or “would” to express this idea.
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Imperfect
Generalmente caminaban mucho.
Generally they would walk a lot.
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Imperfect
Jugaban con otros niños de la familia.
They used to play with other children in the family.
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We always use the imperfect when talking in the past about:
-physical descriptions: era traviesa -age: Tenía ocho años cuando... -weather: Hacía mucho calor -telling time: Eran las diez y media de la
mañana -setting the scene: Había mucha gente -verbs of thought and emotion: Estaba contenta
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Imperfect
Expressions such as de pequeño(a) generalmente varias veces
de niño(a) muchas veces en aquella época
a menudo mucho frecuentementea veces nunca todos los díascada día por un rato todo el tiempocada semanasiempre con frecuenciacada mes tantas veces de vez en
cuando cada año todas las semana .
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Imperfect
Here are all the forms of -ar verbs in the imperfect. Notice the accent mark on the nosotros form.
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AR VERBSYo aba
Tú abas
Él
Ella aba
Ud.
Nosotros ábamos
Vosotros abais
Ellos
Ellas aban
Uds.
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CAMINAR (to walk)
Yo caminaba
Tú caminabas
Él
Ella caminaba
Ud.
Nosotros caminábamos
Vosotros caminabais
Ellos
Ellas caminaban
Uds.
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JUGAR (to play)
Yo jugaba
Tú jugabas
Él
Ella jugaba
Ud.
Nosotros jugábamos
Vosotros. jugabais
Ellos
Ellas jugaban
Uds.
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All AR VERBS are regular in the imperfect tense
Since the yo and the Ud./él/ella forms are the same, we often use the subject pronouns to avoid confusion.
The nosotros form of –AR verbs in the imperfect tense has an accent mark.
Imperfect
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Imperfect
Let’s do a few more verbs.
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PATINAR (to skate)
Yo patinaba
Tú patinabas
Él
Ella patinaba
Ud.
Nosotros patinábamos
Vosotros patinabais
Ellos
Ellas patinaban
Uds.
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USAR (to use)
Yo usaba
Tú usabas
Él
Ella usaba
Ud.
Nosotros usábamos
Vosotros usabais
Ellos
Ellas usaban
Uds.
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Now we will learn the -er/-ir verb endings in the imperfect tense.
Imperfect
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ER-IR verbs
Yo ía
Tú ías
Él
Ella ía
Ud.
Nosotros íamos
Vosotros íais
Ellos
Ellas ían
Uds.
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COMER (to eat)
Yo comía
Tú comías
Él
Ella comía
Ud.
Nosotros comíamos
Vosotros comíais
Ellos
Ellas comían
Uds.
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VIVIR (to live)
Yo vivía
Tú vivías
Él
Ella vivía
Ud.
Nosotros vivíamos
Vosotros vivíais
Ellos
Ellas vivían
Uds.
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ALL forms of ER-IR verbs have accent marks
Since the yo form and the Ud/el/ella forms are the same, we often use the subject pronouns to avoid confusion.
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Imperfect-irregular
There are only three irregulars
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Ver (to see)
Yo veía
Tú veías
Él
Ella veía
Ud.
Nos. veíamos
Vos. veíais
Ellos
Ellas veían
Uds.
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Ir a (to go to)
Yo iba
Tú ibas
Él
Ella iba
Ud.
Nosotros íbamos
Vosotros ibais
Ellos
Ellas iban
Uds.
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Ser (to be)
Yo era
Tú eras
Él
Ella era
Ud.
Nosotros éramos
Vosotros erais
Ellos
Ellas eran
Uds.
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Haber is a special verb because it has only ONE form, singular. You already know the present tense form, hay (“there is/are”). The imperfect form is había (“there was/were, there used to be”).
HABER (there was, there were)
Hay una tienda aquí hoy. Antes había una iglesia allí, y había tres
tiendas allá.
Había Había