the human dimension of industry 4.0
TRANSCRIPT
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Metropolis Film (1927)
Humans & Industry 4.0?
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Or…
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Humans & Industry 4.0?WALL-E (2008)
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Or…
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Humans & Industry 4.0?
Universal Robots
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Advanced Engineering Conference ITEC 2017
Rotterdam - 17 May 2017
The Human Dimension of Industry 4.0
The Human/Machine Blendand the Role of Simulation
Andy Fawkes FIMechE
Pixabay
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• Manager View
• Machine View
• Employee View
• Customer View
• Closing Thoughts
Humans and Industry 4.0
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Manager View
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“sounds important, but I am not quite sure what it is”
What is Industry 4.0?
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Industry 4.0 Features
Boston Consulting Group
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We define Industry 4.0 as the next phase in the digitization of the
manufacturing sector
What is Industry 4.0?
McKinsey & Company
Pixabay
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Total Greater than the Sum of the Parts(?)
Industry 4.0
• big data• processing• connectivity• analytics• cyber systems• AR• VR• AI• robotics• 3-D printing• sensors• IoT• simulation• …
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• Intelligence is Multi-Faceted
• Past Industry– Artificial Power
• Future Industry– Artificial Intelligence– Humans teaming with Bots– Humans focused on Creativity
Kevin Kelly (January 2017)
TED
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Industry 4.0 Requirement
Better
Faster
Cheaper
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London Evening Standard10 Oct 1977
UnrealisticExpectations?
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50% of Companies see lack of Digital Culture and Training as a top challenge to making operations more digital
PwC - Industry 4.0: Building the Digital Enterprise Survey (2016)
– “The biggest challenge of industrial leaders isn’t technology -it is the people.
– While digital technologies are rapidly becoming a commodity, success largely depends on an organisation’s Digital IQ.
– With data analytics becoming a core capability for every industrial company, enhancing skills and organisational structures will be critical.”
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Machine View
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Dstl Autonomous Systems (AS) Research
• Develop a simulated operational environment that can be used for AS training, mission planning, rehearsal and execution
Assistive Technologies Project
• Using simulation to train automated and robotic systems to support indoor journeys and living for the visually impaired
Bohemia Autonomous Systems Research Projects
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Google DeepMind (2015)
DeepMind
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Google DeepMind AI (2015)
Nature - Human-level control through deep reinforcement learning – Jan 2015
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Google DeepMind AI and “Go” (2016)
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So What?
Computers are being programed to learn how to play games, not how to play
games
Pixabay
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AI v Humans –Strategy Games
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Nvidia Isaac Robot Training (May 2017)
Nvidia
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2001: A Space Odyssey - HAL 9000
“it can only be attributable to human error”
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Computers still aren’t that clever
Google Street View
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AI in Games/Simulation can be Bad!
Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six: Vegas 2
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Good Communicators?
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Islands of DataPixabay
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One DataPixabay
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Enterprise AI
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UK T45 Destroyer - CAD to Interactive Simulation
Virtalis + Bohemia Interactive Simulations
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Amazon Kiva Robots (+ a Human)
SlashGear/Amazon
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Ocado Technology - RBO Hand 2
Ocado
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Boston Dynamics Robot “Handle” - Feb 17
Boston Dynamics
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Are we there yet?
DARPA Challenge 2015
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Threats?
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Trust the Machine?
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Employee View
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Baron Charles Dupin (1826)(Géométrie et Mécanique des Arts et Métiers)
• “We have been very much occupied in perfecting the machines and the tools which the worker uses...
• However, if he were only considered as an instrument, a tool, a motor, he would necessarily be placed in the first rank of all instruments
• since he has the immeasurable advantage of being an instrument who observes and corrects himself, a self-stopping motor which functions with the motivation of its own intelligence and which perfects itself..."
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Paul M Fitts (ed) (1951)Human Engineering for an Effective Air Navigation and Traffic Control System
• We suggest that great caution be exercised in assuming that men can successfully monitor complex automatic machines and take over if the machines break down.
• Engineers should seriously consider systems in which machines would monitor men and prevent them from making dangerous mistakes.
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Human Boredom
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How Does a UAS Pilot Feel at the End of the Day?
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Tesla Driver Killed
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Do We Need Humans to Build Trust with Machines (Just Like with Other Humans)?
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Quantified Human
• Wearables for All
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Personal Responsibility to Train?
HR Review
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Customer View
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Individual/Enterprise Customers
• More education in design required?
• With more product diversity how do governments regulate the market?
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Closing Thoughts
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Wikipedia
Humans are Special
• Millions of Years of Evolution
– Highly Developed Body, Senses & Mind
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People the Most Adaptable
Component of Industry 4.0?
Pixabay
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Wikipedia
Autonomous Systems - More than Engineering
• Psychology– study of mind and behaviour
• Physiological– study of normal function in living systems
• Psychiatry– study, diagnosis, treatment, & prevention of mental disorders
• Philosophy– study of reality, existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and
language
• Political– practice and theory of influencing other people
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The Optimum Human/Machine Blend
Humans & Machines working in Harmony Maximising the Strengths of Both
Huawei
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Final Thoughts
• Human factors become more important as automation increases
• Simulation can play a key role in testing and training humans and autonomous systems both separately and together
• Should there be more Focus on Human Factors in Engineering Education?
Autonomous System
SimulationHuman(s)
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Questions?
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Chief Automation Officer Required?
Pixabay