The HolocaustThe Holocaust

What was it?What was it?

And why did it And why did it happen? happen?

What is the Holocaust?What is the Holocaust? The The HolocaustHolocaust

was the systematic was the systematic annihilation of 6 annihilation of 6 million Jewish million Jewish people during the people during the Nazi genocide.Nazi genocide.

Events that led up to the Events that led up to the HolocaustHolocaust

Germany’s defeat in World War I left them with a Germany’s defeat in World War I left them with a broken government and a severely limited militarybroken government and a severely limited military

The Treaty of Versailles The Treaty of Versailles *Germany had to accept responsible for WWI*Germany had to accept responsible for WWI*Pay for the damages caused by the war*Pay for the damages caused by the war*Disarmament (gun control)*Disarmament (gun control)*Territorial Clauses – Germany had to give back land*Territorial Clauses – Germany had to give back land

This left many Germens angry, humiliated and This left many Germens angry, humiliated and demoralized. demoralized.

Hitler used this to get power. He promised to Hitler used this to get power. He promised to restore German pride and rip up the Treaty of restore German pride and rip up the Treaty of Versailles. Versailles.

Events that led up to the HolocaustEvents that led up to the Holocaust

Hyperinflation – inflation growing at a very high Hyperinflation – inflation growing at a very high rate in a very short timerate in a very short time

*ruined the middle class and people*ruined the middle class and people*people in Germany were broke and didn’t have *people in Germany were broke and didn’t have

money to buy foodmoney to buy food*they began listening to Hitler*they began listening to Hitler

Hitler was a great speaker and people were Hitler was a great speaker and people were listening to him. Many people felt it was time for listening to him. Many people felt it was time for a new government. This is why many Germans a new government. This is why many Germans began joining the Nazis Party. Hitler blamed the began joining the Nazis Party. Hitler blamed the Jews for the situation the Germany was in.Jews for the situation the Germany was in.

Events that led up to the Events that led up to the HolocaustHolocaust

► Wall Street Crashed in Wall Street Crashed in 19291929

► Americans lent Germany Americans lent Germany money after WWI to money after WWI to stabilize the economy stabilize the economy

► They called back the They called back the money they lent money they lent

► Germany was Broke: Germany was Broke: people didn’t even have people didn’t even have money to buy food to money to buy food to feed their childrenfeed their children

Unemployed Germans Turn Unemployed Germans Turn to Hitlerto Hitler

With the With the unemployment unemployment rate growing the rate growing the Germans turned to Germans turned to the Nazis, (Hitler) the Nazis, (Hitler) a new political a new political partyparty

YearYear Unemployed Unemployed Germans Germans

19201920 1,320,0001,320,000

19301930 3,000,0003,000,000

19311931 4,350,0004,350,000

19321932 5,102,0005,102,000

19331933 6,100,0006,100,000

Hitler Begins His GenocideHitler Begins His Genocide Genocide: What is it?Genocide: What is it? The term "genocide" did not exist before The term "genocide" did not exist before

1944. It is a very specific term, referring to 1944. It is a very specific term, referring to violent crimes committed against groups with violent crimes committed against groups with the intent to destroy the existence of the the intent to destroy the existence of the group. group.

People did not know what Hitler was planning People did not know what Hitler was planning to do when they chose to follow him.to do when they chose to follow him.

Hitler’s goal was to achieve German racial Hitler’s goal was to achieve German racial “purity” He not only imprisoned Jews, but “purity” He not only imprisoned Jews, but Gypsies, people with handicaps, and Gypsies, people with handicaps, and homosexualshomosexuals

Hitler’s Steps to genocide the Hitler’s Steps to genocide the Jews:Jews:

1930 World Wide 1930 World Wide Depression Hit Germany Depression Hit Germany (Hitler makes promise to (Hitler makes promise to rid Germany of all Jew’s rid Germany of all Jew’s and Communist) and Communist)

1933 The Nazi Party takes 1933 The Nazi Party takes power in Germany, Hitler power in Germany, Hitler becomes Chancellor. becomes Chancellor.

1933 Jewish people were 1933 Jewish people were banished from government banished from government jobs, universities, and a jobs, universities, and a boycott against Jewish boycott against Jewish shops (A boycott is the act shops (A boycott is the act of voluntarily abstaining of voluntarily abstaining from using, buying, or from using, buying, or dealing with a person, dealing with a person, organization, or country as organization, or country as an expression of protest) an expression of protest)

1935 Nuremberg Laws:1935 Nuremberg Laws: *Jewish people were seen as *Jewish people were seen as

German “subjects” not German “subjects” not citizenscitizens

*Inter-marriage was outlawed *Inter-marriage was outlawed *More professions were closed to *More professions were closed to

Jewish people Jewish people

*Most shops displayed signs *Most shops displayed signs reading “No Jews Allowed”reading “No Jews Allowed”

Hitler’s Steps to genocide the Hitler’s Steps to genocide the Jews:Jews:

1938: Nazis attack 1938: Nazis attack Jews throughout Jews throughout Germany: 30,000 Jews Germany: 30,000 Jews arrested, 91 Jews arrested, 91 Jews killed, and 500 shops killed, and 500 shops and businesses and businesses destroyed More than destroyed More than 1,000 synagogues 1,000 synagogues were set on fire were set on fire

1938: Jewish children 1938: Jewish children are expelled from are expelled from public schoolspublic schools

1938: Nazis seize 1938: Nazis seize control of Jewish control of Jewish owned businesses owned businesses

1939 Germany 1939 Germany invades Poland World invades Poland World War II BeginsWar II Begins

1939 Nazis order 1939 Nazis order Polish Jews into Polish Jews into restricted ghettos and restricted ghettos and force them into slave force them into slave labor labor

The Ghettos were established The Ghettos were established in 1939in 1939

The Ghettos were the The Ghettos were the slum areas of towns that slum areas of towns that the Jewish people of the Jewish people of Germany were forced to Germany were forced to live and were walled off live and were walled off from the rest of the from the rest of the town. town.

Jews from wide areas Jews from wide areas were rounded up and were rounded up and forced to live in forced to live in unbearable conditions in unbearable conditions in cramped ghettos with no cramped ghettos with no sanitation and if you sanitation and if you were unable to work you were unable to work you didn’t eat. didn’t eat.

Because many children were not able to Because many children were not able to work, they were denied food and died from work, they were denied food and died from starvation starvation

Many starved to death in the Many starved to death in the Ghettos Ghettos

How did something like this How did something like this happen?happen?

Could something this horrific happen today?

Map Showing Nazi Concentration and Extermination Camps Slave Map Showing Nazi Concentration and Extermination Camps Slave Camps and Holding CentersCamps and Holding Centers

Vocabulary To KnowVocabulary To Know

Synagogue: house of Jewish worshipSynagogue: house of Jewish worship Kaddish: Jewish prayer for the deadKaddish: Jewish prayer for the dead Aryan: non-Jewish CaucasianAryan: non-Jewish Caucasian Rabbi: a Jewish teacherRabbi: a Jewish teacher Gestapo: Nazi secret police (part of the SS)Gestapo: Nazi secret police (part of the SS) Anti-Semite: Jew- hatred; it is more than Anti-Semite: Jew- hatred; it is more than

just prejudice; all forms of hostility just prejudice; all forms of hostility manifested toward Jewish peoplemanifested toward Jewish people

Pestilential (pes’te len’ shel): filled with Pestilential (pes’te len’ shel): filled with disease; contagiousdisease; contagious

Vocabulary To KnowVocabulary To Know

Rosh Hashanah: the Jewish New Year Rosh Hashanah: the Jewish New Year and usually occurs in Septemberand usually occurs in September

Yom Kippur: comes 10 days after Yom Kippur: comes 10 days after Rosh Hashanah and is a day of fasting Rosh Hashanah and is a day of fasting and atonementand atonement

Emaciated: marked by abnormal Emaciated: marked by abnormal thinness caused by starvation or thinness caused by starvation or diseasedisease

Queue (ku): waiting line Queue (ku): waiting line