THE HISTORIOGRAPHER of

THE NATIONAL EPISCOPAL HISTORIANS AND ARCHIVISTS

andTHE HISTORICAL SOCIE TY OF THE EPISCOPAL CHURCH

published to promote the preserving of church records and the writing of p.aroc-hi.ff:Z and diocesan history

Fall 2008 ·----------

Vol. XLVI No.3

�-�- ..

Editor: A. Margaret Landis, 509 Yale Avenue, Swarthmore, PA 19081

North Carolina coDlDleDlorates baptisms of Manteo and Virginia Dare On Sunday, August 17, 2008, over 300 persons, including four bishops from the three Episcopal dioceses of North Carolina, gathered to celebrate over 400 years of history, hos­pitality, and cultural relations. The occasion was "The Com­memoration of the Baptisms of Manteo and Virginia Dare." The locatio!1 was the amphitheater in Manteo, North Carolina, home of the long-running outdoor drama, The Lost Colony, near the site where Sir Walter Raleigh is believed to have settled his third and final colony in 1587.

Manteo, a friend and guide to the English explorers, had traveled to England with Raleigh's captains in 1584. After his return to his home on Croatoan Island, he spent much of his time leading the English on trips through the local water­ways. In 1587, following the landing of the third Raleigh voy­

age, Governor White appointed him chief of the Roanoke tribe. Manteo's loyalty and faithful service to the colo­nists led to his baptism on August 13.

Not only is Manteo's baptism important in church history, but it is an important piece of American culture, racially and historically. "This is the her­itage of our state," said Bishop Clifton Daniel, III, of East Carolina. "This bap­tism marked a peaceful beginning to multi-cultural relations in North Amer­ica. A commemoration of this event allows us as a people to reflect on this beginning and the changes that have shaped our nation and shed light on the challenges we face today."

The history of English settle­ment of what was to become North Carolina undoubtedly begins at Roa­noke Island, discovered in 1584, settled in 1587, but whose settlement had dis­appeared by 1590. Known as the Lost Colony, its significance to the Episcopal Church goes back farther than its disap­pearance. It goes back to August, 1587, and the baptisms of Manteo and Vir­ginia Dare, his the first recorded bap­tism of the Church of England in North America, hers the baptism of the first child born to English settlers on the North American continent.

The icon of Chief Manteo holding Virginia Dare was created by john David Jingle.

As the Diocese of East Carolina planned the celebration of its 125th anni­versary, honoring the first two persons baptized not only in the new world, but in what was to become its own jurisdic­Surviving a two-month trip

across the Atlantic in 1587, no small feat, were two pregnant women-Eleanore, daughter of Governor John White and wife of Ananias Dare, and Marjery Harvey. Virginia, named for the Virgin Queen, was born on August 18 and baptized on August 23. Marjery Harvey gave birth a few days later.

tion, was deemed right and proper. The weather cooperated for the occasion with sunny skies, slight breezes, and reason­ably comfortable temperatures. Diocesan staff hustled and bustled in preparation. Ushers from local parishes greeted and

Continued on page 19

NATIONAL EPISCOPAL HISTORIANS AND ARCHIVISTS

509 Yale Avenue Swarthmore, PA 19081

Phone/Fax: 610-544-1886 E-mail: nehahqs@aol.com

Web site: www.episcopalhistorians.org

The Rev. Christopher M. Agnew (President) 12433 Richards Ride King George, VA 22485 Phone: 540-775-6245

Ms. Susan Witt (Vide-President) 31 Central Avenue Hamburg, NY 14075 Phone: 716-881-0660

Ms. Barbara S. Turner (Secretary) 5119 Horseshoe Trail Dallas, TX 75209-3324 Phone: 214-366-4436

Ms. Sarah Hackings (Treasurer) 200 Library Place Princeton, NJ 08540 Phone: 609-921-6284

Mr. Willis H. A. Moore PO Box 37214 Honolulu, HI 96837-0214 Phone: 800-538-3950

Ms. Susan Rehkopf Diocese of Missouri 1210 Locust Street St. Louis, MO 63103 Phone: 314-231-1220

The Rev. Bindy Snyder 539 Cherry Street Memphis, TN 38117 Phone: 901-682-0438

Dr. Carl R. Stockton 2147 Wasatch Drive Sarasota, FL 34235-9168 Phone: 941-378-8098

Ms. Mamre Marsh Wilson 302 Moore Street Beaufort, NC 28516 Phone: 252-728-5442

HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF THE EPISCOPAL CHURCH

Ms. Karen Meridith, Administrator 99 Brattle Street

Cambridge, MA 02138-3494 Phone: 866-567-3820

E-mail: administrator@hsec.us Web site: www.hsec.us

Dr. Fredrica Harris Thompsett (President) 99 Bratrle Street Cambridge, MA 02138 Phone: 617-682-1535

The Rev. Robert W Prichard (1st Vice-President) 3737 Seminary Road Alexandria, VA 22304 Phone: 703-461-1737

Ms. Alexandra Gressitt (2nd Vice-President) 43825 T hornberry Square, #303 Leesburg, VA 20176 Phone: 703-737-7196

The Rev. N. Brooks Graebner (Secretary) Sr. Matthew's Episcopal Church PO Box 628 Hillsborough, NC 27278 Phone: 212-325-7647

Dr. Frederick W Gerbracht, Jr. (Treasurer) 315 5 Hickory Street Wantagh, NY 11793 Phone: 516-785-5807

Dr. Edward Bond (Editor, Anglican

and Episcopal History) 902 State Street Natchez, MS 39120 Phone: 601-445-9366

The Rev. Alfred A. Moss, Jr. (Chairman, African American His-

torical Collection Committee) 1500 N. Lancaster Street Arlington, VA 22205 Phone: 301-405-4317

Mrs. May D. Lofgreen (Business Manager) PO Box 2098 Manchaca, TX 78652-2098 Phone: 512-280-3902

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NEHA to meet at DeKoven Center, issues Call for Papers for 2009 conferenceThe board of trustees of the National Episcopal Historians and Archivists (NEHA) has announced that the organization will hold its 2009 conference at the DeKoven Center in Racine, Wisconsin. Taking its theme from the location, the focus will be on the Church in what, in the l SOO's, was called"the Northwest." The dates are June 23-26.

NEHA is issuing a "Call for Papers" that will relate.to the travels, travails, and accomplishments of such intrepid missionaries as Richard Cadle, Jackson Kemper, and James Lloyd Breck, and later figures like Samuel Hinman, Henry Benjamin Whipple, and William Hare. Among others, ap­propriate topics would include missions to native Americans; James DeKoven and the influence of the Oxford Movement; and the advent and growth of religious orders.

Recent disasters that have partially or totally destroyed parish and diocesan archives, such as the hurricanes that demolished Louisiana and Mississippi churches and the June flooding of the Fond du Lac River (see page 4), were the inspiration for planned workshops on disaster preparedness and how to handle archival materials after such an event.

Please send paper proposals to: Susan Witt, 31 Cen­tral Avenue, Hamburg, NY 14075, or e-mail them to her at: archives@episcopalwny.org. Deadline is February 15, 2009.

Melana Nelson-Amaker appointed liaison for AAEH C collection growth The Rev. Melana Nelson-Amaker, who recently joined the staff of Virginia Theological Seminary's Bishop Payne Library, will serve part-time as collection growth liaison for the African American Episcopal Historical Collection (AAEHC). The'�' AAEHC is a cooperative effort of the Historical Society of the Episcopal Church and the Bishop Payne Library. Nelson­Amaker's areas of responsibility include raising national awareness of the AAEHC; identifying potential collections and contacting prospective donors; negotiating acquisitions and developing promotional materials for the collection; and conducting oral history interviews. The position is funded through a grant from the Good Samaritan Foundation.

Nelson-Amaker holds degrees from Carnegie Mellon University and from Pittsburgh Theological Seminary. Or­dained to the priesthood in Pittsburgh in 1989, she was the first African American woman to lead a congregation in the Diocese of Virginia and currently serves on Virginia's standing committee. 'Tm really pleased to be engaging in this work. ... The lives the AAEHC is helping to record are fascinating and can inform and encourage the Church for generations to come."

I

Obituaries: Rhoda E. A. Hackler On July 12, 2008, the wail of Scottish pipes led family and friends of Rhoda Elizabeth Armstrong Hackler from the nave of St. Clement's Episcopal Church in Honolulu to the parish hall where they gathered to say, "Aloha means farewell." A his­torian, researcher, writer, and teacher in Hawai'i for 43 years, Hackler died on July 8.

Rhoda Armstrong was born in New York City on November 7, 1923, of Scottish ancestry. She attended three different high schools due to disciplinary difficulties. Told she was not college material, she joined the Women's Army Corps

in 1943 as a private and served in the Pacific theatre. At the time of her discharge in 1945, she had risen to the rank of lieutenant. She had also learned to fly an airplane.

In 1952, Rhoda Arm­strong married Windsor Greg Hackler and began traveling around the world with her husband as he served in the U.S. Foreign Service in Arabia, Japan, Indonesia, Singapore, and Canada, ending with

service in the State Department in Washington, D. C. Retiring to Honolulu in 1965, Windsor Hackler

taught Asian Studies at the University of Hawai'i while Rhoda Hackler joined the Junior League of Honolulu and was invit­ed to help assess the possibility of restoring 'Iolani Palace, soon to be vacated by Hawai'i's government offices in favor of a new capitol building. She researched the location of former palace furnishings and witnessed and participated in the res­toration and reopening of the "Royal Palace of the Kalakaua Dynasty." She was eventually named director emeritus of the Friends of 'Iolani Palace.

In her 50's, Rhoda Hackler entered the University of Hawai'i as an undergraduate. She completed her doctorate in Hawaiian history in 1978 and subsequently was a lecturer in Hawaiian history at the university as well as writing prolifical­ly. She was an active volunteer, serving on the boards of the Honolulu Academy of Arts Guild, Hawai'i Opera Theatre, Hawai'i Army Museum Association, Daughters of Hawai'i, the Caledonian Society, and the English Speaking Union. She served as president of the Society of Asian Art in Hawai'i and also of the Hawaiian Historical Society. For a time, she edited The Hawaiian journal of History. In addition to her numerous works on Hawaiian history and art, she wrote the histories of St. Andrew's Cathedral and of Church of the Holy Nativity.

A member of Holy Nativity, then of St. Clement's Church, Hackler served on their vestries, on diocesan coun­cil, and on various diocesan boards and commissions.

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Hackler is survived by a son, Jeffrey, and two grand­sons. Among the remembrances spoken at the memorial serv­ice was the statement, "Rhoda Hackler was a volunteer, schol­ar, and friend. Good friends leave footprints on the heart."

-Willis H. A. Moore, Adjunct faculty, Chaminade University, Honolulu, HI

Albert E. Allen The Rev. Albert Edward Allen, former historiographer for the Diocese of Eastern Oregon, died May 1 of cardiac arrest at his home in Portland.

Born in Woburn, Massachusetts, on July 2, 1916, Allen attended the University of Washington. He served in the Army during World War II, then operated a dairy farm near Bend, Oregon. He studied privately for holy orders and in 1950 was ordained to the diaconate; he was ordained priest in 1951.

Between 1950 and 1968, Allen was both diocesan registrar and historiographer while serving at St. Thomas', Canyon City, then at St. Mark's, Hood River. He left Oregon to become rector of St. Elizabeth's, Burien, in the Diocese of Olympia. Four years later, he became rector of Church of the Ascension, Twin Falls, Idaho. Retired in 1982, he returned to Oregon. But retirement did not last long. Allen immediately began assisting at Christ Church, Lake Oswego, then at St. Bartholomew's, Beaver­ton. And he wrote Mission Accomplished: The Life of Reuben Nevius, D.D. , a book about the circuit-riding priest who in the late l 800's builtmany churches in the Pacific northwest.

An honorary alum­nus of Church Divinity School of the Pacific, Allen served on the diocesan councils in East­ern Oregon and Olympia; in Olympia, he also served on the standing committee. He was a deputy to General Convention from the Dioceses of Eastern Oregon and Idaho and a mem­ber of the General Board of Examining Chaplains.

Noted a colleague, "Bert Allen was one in a million . . . . The last time I saw Bert, at a gathering of retired clergy, he held forth with reminiscences of his days in Canyon City, his first church. He was, at 90-something, hilarious, informative, and just plain fun."

Allen, who married Helen Christine Tapken in 1941, is survived by two sons, Warner and the Rev. Mark; two daughters, the Rev. Mary Allen and Elizabeth Kilian; and 11 grandchildren. Both his wife and a daughter, Christine Ann, predeceased him. .( '

June flood damages Fond du Lac archives

For two weeks, it had rained every day. On Thursday night, June 4, more than 3 inches of rain fell in six hours. The Fond du Lac River, which is normally little more than a stream, couldn't hold the water and overflowed. For several days, boats were the only means of transportation.

Early in June, widespread flooding throughout the midwest followed record rainfalls. Some Episcopal churches experienced water in their basements, but perhaps the worst hit was St. Paul's Cathedral in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. There, in addition to the flooding of the cathedral's basement, Grafton Hall, which housed the diocesan archives as well as an advocacy center for victims of domestic violence, had about four feet of standing water on the first floor.

The cathedral was immediately closed until its struc­tural integrity could be assured. Then the health department ordered an evacuation of the complex so professionals could clean and sanitize the buildings. Clean-up meant removing over 13,000 square feet of stinking mud, muck, and debris under the cathedral and another 3,000 square feet of the same plus spoiled food from the food pantry and supplies under Gulick Hall. In Grafton Hall, almost all the physical structure needed repair or replacement. For several weeks, church serv­ices were temporarily relocated to the Elks Club.

As for the archives, the waters had risen so rapidly in the middle of the night that by the time the building supervi­sor reached Grafton Hall, the door to the repository could not be opened due to swelling and the weight of the water behind it. There was no opportunity to remove items.

The contents of the archives-some 500 boxes­were immediately placed in the hands of a professional restoration company in Chicago, which has attempted to save as much as possible. The first step was to freeze-dry every­thing, then begin the tedious task of going through paper, piece by piece. While some 2,000 books, which were in the process of being sorted for distribution, were almost all lost, most of the materials in the repository were salvageable. Much of the material was on high shelving. Papers in filing cabinets were water soaked but remained in place because they were enclosed. Registers of closed churches weathered fairly well. Following the freeze-drying process, it should be possible to take the pages apart, and while there may be shad­owing from the ink on other pages, it should be possible to

In June, the flooding of the Fond du Lac River sent water rushing into the basement of St. Paul's Cathedral (above) and filled the Cathedral Close (middle). Books and records being sorted in the archives' workroom (bottom) were inundated. Photos courtesy of the Diocese of Fond du Lac.

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read them. The diocesan journals are all right but will need careful attention. Bishop Grafton's papers survived.

Even with the damage and devastation, the Rev. Brian Beno, acting dean, reminded the cathedral's congrega­tion that "things [could] have been horribly worse."

Matthew Payne, diocesan administrator, and Dave Natzke, edi­tor of the Diocese of Fond du Lac's Clarion, supplied the infor­mation for this article.

The [piscopal Church:

"ii � 125'" Annivel"6aru of the Dioce11e of E,a11t Carolina " lJ

------------ 1883 -2008 ;;;::

East Carolina celebrates 125th anniversary

The Diocese of East Carolina kicked off its year-long celebra­tion of 125 years of service at its 2008 diocesan convention in February. The highlight was a display put together by the History and Archives Committee, which included portraits of all bishops from 1817, processional crosses, and parish mem­orabilia. The memorabilia, on loan, included 200-year-old Bibles and Prayer Books, altar linens, Communion services, and even a chair that was used at the time one of the church­es was organized 175 years ago. Photos of events and restora­tion of parish buildings were in abundance.

The committee also offered two workshops with invited speakers. The first was on the history of Anglicanism and the Episcopal Church. The Rev. Brooks Graebner spoke about the formation of the Diocese of North Carolina, of which he is historiographer; Mamre Wilson spoke about the separation of East Carolina from the original diocese and about its bishops; and John Wood, of the North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources, spoke about architecture, restoration, and preservation of East Carolina churches. The second workshop, titled "Conversations: Tales of the Dio­cese," featured Bishop Clifton Daniel, Frances Inglis of Eden­ton, and Shirley Guion and Gwen Bryan of New Bern.

The workshops and the display were widely acclaimed and will be reprised at the diocesan convention in 2009. Many who attended the convention were amazed the diocese has so much rich historical information; in response to what they learned, they are now ready to work to add to it.

Part of the year-long celebration was the design and execution of a logo that has been used on publicity through­out the diocese, including a large banner that is displayed at all celebrations. Various sale items were produced, such as tote bags, back packs, and soft briefcases as well as a brass orna­ment of the diocesan seal. They are available at each event.

Among events that have already taken place are spe­cial Eucharists and Evensongs, concerts, and the free dental clinic of St. Peter's, Washington. In June, St. Thomas' Church in Bath, the oldest parish in North Carolina, held its annual "Bride & Groom Day" which included renewal of wedding vows at its 11 :00 a.m. service of Holy Communion, a parish

5

picnic, lectures on �colorful historical forebears, crafts and games, and tours of the church and town. The day ended with an old-fashioned ice cream-homemade, of course!-social.

In July, Holy Trinity Church in Fayetteville offered "Voice and Space: Exploring and Expanding Our Worship," with the Rev. Donald Schell, formerly of St. Gregory's Church in San Francisco, and Emily Scott, director of wor­ship at Riverside Church in New York City. The program of liturgical play and practice led to conversation and reflection about where we are going and why.

In August, in addition to :the commemoration of the baptisms of Manteo and Virginia Dare, the diocese held "Family Fun and Camp Memories" at the diocesan camp and conference center. A day full of camp activities included shar­ing of memories, a "camp supper," and a campfire around which camp songs and more tales were shared. The day ended with Compline.

The year of celebration is winding down with a few more events. On September 2 1, the diocese celebrated the area's Hispanic farmworkers. In October, St. Paul's, Green­ville, is hosting a Festive Evensong. And St. Mary's, Burgaw, is celebrating its 1 OOth anniversary with a Festive Eucharist.

-Mamre Marsh Wilson, History and Archives Committee, Diocese of East Carolina

Thanks to our readers, 'The Presence' is located In the Summer issue of The Historiographer, we asked for help in identifying and locating a painting known only as "The Presence." A cherished reproduction was lost when a tornado destroyed the Church of St. Luke and St. John in Carruthers­ville, Missouri. Parishioners wanted to replace it. Thanks to our readers, the original has been located. "The Presence," the work of Captain A. E. Borthwick, hangs in St. Mary's Cathe­dral in Edinburgh, Scotland. Its history can be found on St. Mary's website: www.cathedral.net/content/view/do/100. Henry Howard, cathedral secretary, supplied postcard prints of the painting for the congregation in Carruthersville.

Historical Society meets at Tutu Center By N Brooks Graebner

The Historical Society of the Episcopal Church (HSEC) con­ducted its annual membership and board of directors meet­ings June 20 and 21, 2008, at the Desmond Tutu Center in New York City.

The Friday evening dinner and membership meeting was an occasion to confer honors and to conduct the election of directors and officers. Edward Bond, editor of Anglican and Episcopal History (AEH), announced the winner of this year's Nelson Burr Prize for the best article appearing in the 2007 issues of the journal. The award goes to Nicholas M. Beasley for his article, "Domestic Rituals: Marriage and Baptism in the British Plantation Colonies 1650-1780," which appeared in September, 2007.

First vice-president Robert Prichard then rose to ask the secretary to read a resolution of courtesy, expressing appre­ciation for the service to the Church of President Fredrica Harris Thompsett on the occasion of her retirement from full-time teaching at Episcopal Divinity School. The resolu­tion was met with a standing ovation for President Thompsett.

Patrick Mauney, who chairs the Nominations Com­mittee, presented the following slate of officers to serve again for the upcoming year: Fredrica Harris Thompsett for presi­dent, Robert W Prichard for first vice-president, Alexandra S. Gressitt for second vice-president, Frederick W Gerbracht, Jr., for treasurer, and N. Brooks Graebner for secretary. He then nominated the following slate of directors, all for a sec­ond three-year term: Christopher M. Agnew, Harold T. Lewis, and Frederick Quinn. The members unanimously elected both the slate of officers and the slate of directors.

The evening continued with a showing of highlights from the award-winning documentary, Traces of the Trade: A story ftom the Deep North, in which the film's maker, Katrina Browne, and nine of her relatives retrace the Triangle Trade of slaves, sugar, and rum from which her family became prosper­ous. In the film, family members grapple with the implica­tions of their new knowledge as they travel from Bristol, Rhode Island, to slave forts in Ghana, to sites of sugar plan­tations in Cuba, and back to Bristol. Following the viewing, one of the participants in the film, Dain Perry, and his wife Constance, who is African American, invited those in atten­dance to share their responses to the film. The Perrys are now dedicating themselves to traveling with the film and facilitat­ing discussions aimed at racial reconciliation.

On Saturday, the board of directors reviewed the accomplishments of the past year and charted work for the coming year. AEH editor Ed Bond offered a positive apprais-

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al, noting with pleasure that several of the articles in the jour­nal were the result of the HSEC grant program or the tri-his­tory conference in Williamsburg. He brought to the board's attention the fact that he is now intending to publish three articles in each issue rather than four. This change facilitates inclusion of several longer articles and helps control costs. New features in the journal are occasional exhibit and movie reviews in addition to ongoing church and book reviews.

Equally positive was the report from the committee for the African American Episcopal Historical Collection. Committee members Al Moss, Alexandra Gressitt, and Bob Prichard unveiled a new five-year agreement with Virginia Theological Seminary (VTS) that will not only continue the partnership between HSEC and VTS, but will also contain VTS funding for a full-time collection archivist. The commit­tee also highlighted recent fund-raising efforts and collection acquisitions.

Initial planning has begun for the tri-history confer­ence, scheduled for June 2 1-23, 2010, in North Carolina. The working tide is "Putting the Millennium Development Goals in Historical Perspective."

The Research Grants Committee reported it received an unusually high number of very strong applications. Of the 12 submittals, the committee recommended funding four: ( 1) Jessica Cannon, Ph.D. candidate at Rice University, for trav­el related to her research on the role of Bishop William Whit­tingham in negotiating the complexities of border state poli­tics, identity, and union during the Civil War. (2) Mary Kovel, Ph.D. candidate at the University of Arizona, for travel to the English Midlands as part of her exploration of headcoverings as a locus for control, identity, and power in early modern Eng­land. (3) Robert MacSwain, Ph.D. candidate at St. Andrew's University in Scotland for travel related to his work on faith and reason in the thought of Austin Farrer. (4) Heather White,

Continued on page 14

EWHP in Memphis: Nuts-and-bolts and a traveling exhibit

By Lucy Germany

The Episcopal Women's History Project (EWHP) this year held its traditional June board meeting as well as its annual meet­ing in conjunction with the annual con­ference of the National Episcopal Histo­rians and Archivists (NEHA). Paramount among actions taken were election of new board members-Matilda Dunn of Chat­tanooga, Tennessee; Karen Meridith of Somerville, Massachusetts; and the Rev. Barbara Schlachter of Iowa City, Iowa­plus reelection of Katie Sherrod of Fort Worth, Texas. All will serve three-year terms. Dr. Katherine L. Ward was elected to fill the remainder of the term of a for­mer board member.

Following the election, the board chose a slate of officers: Susan Johnson, president; Patty Brooke, vice-president; Nancy Radloff, secretary; and Katherine Ward, treasurer. Dr. Joan Gundersen will serve ex-officio as EWHP's web master, and Lucy Germany will serve ex-officio as editor of Timelines. Patty Brooke will head the 2008 All Saints Appeal.

Eleanor Smith presented the report of the Awards Committee: The Katharine Jefferts Schori Award ($600), augmented by $150 from the Diesenroth Award, was presented to Dr. Barbara Bran­don Schnorrenberg for work on the histo­ry project of St. Aidan's Church, Alexan­dria, Virginia-a retrieval and recording "as far as possible" of the stories, memo­ries, and artifacts of the parish, one of 13 begun by the Diocese of Virginia in 1963. St. Aidan's suburban congregation wor­ships in a non-traditional building, its ves­try is chosen by lot, and women have served on the vestry since 1969. The award was seen as a way for the parish to achieve recognition in the area of preserving church history.

The annual Seminary Essay Award of $150 was given to Jennifer Leider, a student at Episcopal Divinity School,

EWHP's new officers are, from top to bottom, Susan Johnson, president; Katherine W'ard, treasurer; and Nancy Radloff, secretary. Not pictured is Vice­president Patty Brooke.

7

who wrote on ordination of women-an analy�is of current problems and a reac­tion to women serving in the priesthood. Dr. Ann Weikel, who co-chairs the com­mittee with Smith, has written to all Epis­copal seminaries, encouraging entries for the Seminary Award.

An update on last year's Diesenroth Award winners included a review of work on two recorded disks which will be pre­sented to the Episcopal Church Archives -an interview with Gayle Gransbury and one with Jo Shipman, both longtime church members.

On display at the meeting was the Traveling Women's Exhibit. In a new Powerpoint format, it is available to all churches and church organizations for use as a program on women's history.

In other actions, the EWHP board voted to offer a workshop at the Episcopal Churchwomen's Triennial Meeting in Anaheim in 2009 with Gundersen devel­oping content; recognized that Gundersen and Johnson will represent EWHP on the planning committee for the tri-history conference to be held in North Carolina in 2010; agreed to send one or two dele­gates to the Triennial Meeting in 2009; and passed a resolution to honor former board member Mary Sicilia, who has retired as Christian education director of Trinity Cathedral in Portland, Oregon. The board also authorized help for mem­bers who need funds to attend board meetings.

All board members were encour­aged to seek funds for the organization's operating expenses.

The EWHP board will next meet in San Antonio, Texas, January 12-14. The format for the meeting will be that of a retreat, and all board members are strong­ly urged to attend.

Lucy Germany is editor of Timelines, the newsletter of the Episcopal Women's History Project. Photos by Lucy Germany.

Music, civil rights focus of NEHA meet Some 45 members of the National Episcopal Historians and Archivists and friends of Episcopal Church history met in Memphis, Tennessee, June 11-14, for both a conference on "Melodies, Maladies, and Meandering Ministries" and an annual business meeting.

"Melodies" were a major part of the conference. They began on Wednesday evening at St. Mary's Cathedral with an organ recital by Jane Gamble, followed by Evensong. The next morning, they enriched the Eucharist at Calvary Church as Gamble played the organ, Joan Gilbert was pianist, Mona Kreitner sang, and Jim Gholson played the clarinet.

In the opening session of the conference, Tim Sharp spoke about the "wilderness spirituals" found in early rural Tennessee, music that eventually found its way into 19th-cen­tury hymnals. "Cracker culture" had a big impact in middle Tennessee, he said, and he described "fiery camp meetings in which all arms were raised " and baptisms that took place in the river. Out of this ethos came the jubilee singers, many of whose works are being revived today.

Nancy Radloff discussed mission and music in the 19th-century Episcopal Church. Music, she said, encouraged mission work, supported evangelical behavior, and helped

Membership meeting actions At their Annual Meeting, held on June 13, NEHA members: • approved the minutes of the previous meeting;• accepted the treasurer's report;• voted on an amendment to the bylaws;• elected board members;• received Willis Moore's resignation as president; and•learned who had been chosen to receive NEHA's John WDavis and Bishop's Awards.

In her report, treasurer Sarah Hockings said an inde­pendent audit had been made of NEHA's books for the peri­od covering January, 2004, through August, 2007. As of December 31, 2007, assets totaled $24,185.43; and as of the time of the meeting, the organization remained in the black.

The proposed amendment to the bylaws was an ef­fort to redress a perceived inequity. Previously, a person elect­ed to a three-year term could be reelected to serve another three-year term while a person filling out a resigned member's unexpired term could be elected to only one three-year term. Passage of the amendment now allows all board members to be elected to two consecutive terms.

Newly elected to the board was Mamre Wilson of the Diocese of East Carolina; the Rev. Bindy Snyder and Barbara Turn er were reelected.

8

m1ss10naries financially. Some hymns were an in­vitation to adventure, like "From Greenland's icy mountains"; some were action-packed, with lines like "throw out the life­line" and "rescue the per­ishing." In their music, Episcopalians came to grips with life's emotions -joy, guilt, terror-but many of these hymns are not in today's Hymnal.

The second ses­sion focused on Mem­phis during the Civil Rights era. Douglas Cup­ples used then-and-now photographs as he spoke about the day Martin Luther King, Jr., was shot, and Marvin Booker delivered a spell-binding rendition of King's Mem­phis speech. Happy Jones spoke about Concerned

Happy Jones, top, and Marvin Booker, bottom, addressed aspects of the Civil Rights era in Memphis.

In 2007, NEHA accepted Phillip Ayers' invitation to hold its 2009 meeting in Portland, Oregon. Earlier this year, however, the Diocese of Oregon's bishop resigned and key diocesan staff departed. The invitation to meet in Port­land in 2009 was regretfully withdrawn, but conference organizers hoped NEHA would meet in Portland in 2011. The board so informed the membership and said it was inves­tigating several alternative sites for 2009. The proposed rota for the next few meetings is a tri-history conference in North Carolina in 2010 and NEHA conferences in Portland in 2011 and Buffalo, New York, in 2012.

Kit Caffey and Bishop Richard S. 0. Chang are the 2008 recipients, respectively, of NEHA's John W Davis and Bishop's Awards. Caffey, historiographer-registrar of the Dio­cese of Central Gulf Coast and former NEHA board mem­ber, was cited for her work in organizing the diocesan archives and for her promotion of an archivist in every parish. Chang was cited for retrieving Hawai'i's diocesan archives from state custody and for creating an archivally safe room at the dioce­san headquarters in which to house them.

Following the Annual Meeting, the new board of trustees met and chose officers to serve for the next year: the Rev. Christopher Agnew of Virginia, president; Susan Witt of Western New York, vice-president; Barbara Turner of Dallas, continuing as secretary; and Sarah Hockings of New Jersey, continuing as treasurer.

Women of Memphis, a group of white women who went before City Hall to protest on behalf of striking black sanita­tion workers.

Yellow fever, the topic of the third session, was more than a "malady. "Molly Crosby and Charles Turner addressed the 19th-century epidemics that produced the "Martyrs of Memphis,' ' now honored in the Episcopal Church's calendar of Lesser Feasts and Fasts. Crosby, author of The American Plague, noted that the disease, whose victims numbered in the thousands, affected the demographics, politics, and econom­ics of Memphis for many years. Carl Stockton's paper dealt with the charges a white publisher made against Absalom Jones and other blacks who nursed the sick, buried the dead, and cared for the orphans of the 1793 epidemic in Philadel­phia. Jones and the city's white mayor refuted those charges, Jones doing so in a quite eloquent pamphlet. In a light touch, Stockton had his listeners sing "The Absalom Jones Song, " composed by the lower school students of Episcopal Academy in Devon, Pennsylvania.

The speaker for the conference banquet, held at the historic Hunt-Phelan House, was the Rev. Jim Wilkinson, chaplain to the Seaman's Church Institute. He gave fascinat­ing details on the riverboat church of the inland waterways, mostly along the Kentucky River where "God provided the tree where the boat could be tied up for church services. " Tow-boaters then and today, he said, offer valuable lessons in hospitality.

The Rev. Bindy Snyder introduced a session on women in the Church in Tennessee, telling the story of the extraordinary Mary Hayes Willis Gloster, who moved to La Grange, Tennessee, in 1827 and discovered the town had no church. After several years of the family's holding prayer serv- 't. ices in her daughter's home, Mrs. Gloster went to see her god- �son, the Rev. James Hervey Otey, the future first bishop of �

at St. Mary's Cathedral and continued with Eucharist and ses­sions at Calvary Church. On Friday afternoon, conference­goers were invited to visit other Memphis churches. The tour began at St. John's Church with its incredible murals, then moved on to Grace Church for a reception and to see its sto­ried Tiffany windows, and finally to Elmwood Cemetery where in the cool of the evening members wandered among the tombstones, locating die graves of the Martyrs of Mem­phis, and then enjoyed a barbecue supper in the "gazebo " to the accompaniment of the music of a blues ensemble.

Following an informal plenary on Saturday morning, seasoned archivists Sue Rehkopf and Susan Witt conducted a workshop on archival do's and don'ts and historian Mike Strock conducted another on decisions to be made when approaching the task of writing a parish history.

The conference closed at noon with a benediction -but not before passing a final Resolution: " . . . we, the merry missionaries of history and archives hereby memorial­ize the meritorious efforts of the Reverend Bindy Snyder in making this conference a most memorable milestone in NEHA history. "

Tennessee. According to family tradition, she rode horseback <r; '----'c....... _____ .-..1.. ....... -=--------=-""""...,.

with a grandchild held in one arm and a jug of peach brandy tied to her side-saddle-the child to ward off male advances and the brandy to ward off chills! As a result of that ride, a missionary was obtained, and five churches were founded.

Dr. Grace Sears told of Ada Loaring-Clark, who pio­neered new roles for women in the Church and helped to restructure women's organizations, and Patricia LaPointe McFarland spoke about three women, in three generations of one black family, who made significant contributions in music, social justice, and politics. The final offering was a fas­cinating documentary film, Women of Elmwood, produced by seventh-grade students at St. Mary's Episcopal School. With the help of faculty advisors, they researched women buried in Elmwood Cemetery and interviewed local women historians. The combination of interviews, biographical profiles, and his­toric photographs was stunning. As an added fillip, two of the young women, now in high school, were present to answer �questions about the project. §

c.J The conference began on Wednesday with Evensong c-�

The patio of the Hunt-Phelan House (above) was a delightfal spot for a social gathering before the conference banquet. Enjoying a moment at the gazebo at Elmwood Cemetery are (from left to right) Gillian Stockton, conference registrar Ann Ray, conference organizer Bindy Snyder, and NEHA board member Carl Stockton. Note the tombstones in the background.

� .___ __ __,.,_�------''=-'--1.�-���....c...�::__ __ _J

9

Frances Roots Hadden and a friendship that transcended politics

By Richard J Anderson

The Olympic events of August, 2008, generated extensive commentary about China and its developing relationship with the United States during the past 60 years. President Richard Nixon's historic visit in the l 970's is often remem­bered as a major event in this process. But I remember anoth­er American who visited China in the l 970's-concert pianistFrances Roots Hadden.

In the fall of 1972, at the personal invitation of Premier Chou En-lai, Frances Roots Hadden and her husband Richard Hadden spent seven weeks in China. The duo-pianists were known and appreciated by concert audiences throughout the United States. Their visit to China concluded with a concert in Peking on October 3 that was attended by more than 600 people, including many political leaders. But it was not their music that brought the invitation. Frances Hadden had been Chou En-lai's friend for more than 40 years.

The story of Frances Roots Hadden's long friendship with Chou En-lai is part of the story of her father's life and ministry in China. Logan Herbert Roots was born in Perry County, Illinois, in 1870. He earned a degree from Harvard in 1891, was graduated from the Episcopal Theological School in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1896, and embarked as a missionary to China that same year. In 1904, he became

Frances Roots Hadden is pictured above with Chinese Premier Chou En-lai, whom she and her husband visited at the Premier's invitation in 1912. Top, Frances and Dick Hadden, duo-pianists, with the album of their historic 1912 concert.

1 0

the youngest bishop in the Anglican Communion when the House of Bishops chose him to succeed J. Addison Engle as bishop of Hankow.

On April 17, 1902, Logan Roots married another young missionary, Eliza Lydia McCook, daughter of the Rev. John James McCook of East Hartford, Connecticut. The cou­ple became parents of five children, including Frances, who was born in LuShan in Central China in 1910. After her mother's death in 1934, she became the hostess (her descrip­tion) for her father in the bishop's residence adjacent to St. Paul's Cathedral in Hankow.

Bishop Roots was an outgoing, friendly person whom church historian James Thayer Addison described as "perhaps the most beloved and widely known American Christian in China" of hi-s time. His home was always open to travelers, including the young Chou En-lai, whom Frances Hadden remembered as a "thoughtful young man, coming from north China, a most articulate man, and without ques­tion a truly selfless person." She said the future Premier had "a real concern for China and a wonderful understanding of young people." She called him an "eloquent example of China's greater-than-self outlook."

Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek and Madame Chiang were also welcomed as guests in the bishop's home. When the Japanese captured Nanking in 1937, the Chinese government's headquarters was located for a time in Hankow before mov­ing on to Chungking. Bishop Roots hosted a meeting to try

to unite the two Chinese political factions in a common front against the Japanese. The Communists sent Chou En-lai from the mountains of Yenan to meet with the Generalissimo at the bishop's residence. The conversations were still going on when the bishop reached the age for retirement in 1938. He returned to the United States to work with Frank Buchman in Moral Re-Armament. His death in 1945 preceded the Communist vic­tory in China that exiled Chiang Kai-shek's followers to Taiwan.

After the family's return from China, Frances Roots became a pianist for various morale building patriotic-type musical revues. She had begun studying piano at the age of 6 with Russian emigres in China and continued her studies in China, then in the United States. Graduated from Mount Holyoke with a degree in history because no music degree was offered, she earned a Master of Music degree at the University of Michigan School of Music. She and Richard Hadden first played together as accompanists for the victory revue, You Can Defend America. They performed together for seven years before May 3, 1947, when he took her horseback riding in England's Delamere Forest and asked her to marry him. They were married later that year in Caux, Switzerland, the World Conference Center for Moral Re-Armament.

The couple continued concertizing after Bishop Roots' death. They played for a gathering of 200 in the East Room of the White House and were commended by President Nixon as "great artists who relate to the problems and culture of not only their own country, but of the world." They were heard by viewers of the Today show as well as many other programs.

In 1987, Madame Chou En-lai and Foreign Minister Huang Hua invited the Haddens to return to China. At a gala banquet in their honor at the Great Hall of the People, Chinese conductor Li Deh-lun referred to their 1972 visit, thanking them as "the ones who reintroduced western music to China 15 years ago" and who "gave fresh hope to all the country's mus1c1ans."

Upon her return from China in 1972, Frances Hadden told me she had decided to conclude the October 3 concert

jf rom tbe �rcbibes The Devil as a Church Architect

in Peking with Bach's "Jesu Joy of Man's Desiring." She had visited Hankow and found her former home, the bishop's res­idence, being used as headquarters for the Urban Develop­ment Bureau. St. Paul's Cathedral was bombed by mistake by American pilots in 1945. The one wall left standing was in­corporated in a rebuilt hall used for worship until 1949; it housed offices in 1972. While she found several former Ariglican churches still starlding, there was no other evidence that the Chung Hua Sheng Kung Hui (Holy Catholic Church in China) had ever existed. Her inquiries about the last known bishop of Hankow, the Rt. Rev. Stephen Tsang, were fruitless.

In reflecting on her visit to China, Frances Hadden said, "The effectiveness of a Church can never be ascertained solely by its buildings or institutions. The survival power of the Church depends upon the calibre of faith in the surviving Christians. My own conviction is that there must be thou­sands of Christians across China today who have kept their faith alive while sincerely serving the nation to the best of their ability. In China I saw a whole nation of people demon­strating what it means to live for others and for their country, qualities which we in the so-called Christian west profess but do not always live. I have often asked myself if it might be conceivable that God with mysterious wisdom might be using a so-called atheist nation to challenge the rest of us to better live out our own faith."

Frances Roots Hadden died on May 15, 2000. Bishop Roots would no doubt have been pleased that

his daughter's life had echoed to some extent the interests and goals of his own. The China of the 2008 Olympics could be something of a testimony to many such individuals who over the years never lost their affection for the people of that land.

Richard J Anderson was editor ofChurchfacts, newspaper of the Diocese of Western New York, when he interviewed Frances Hadden in 1972. He acknowledges, with thanks, the assistance of Wendy Colegrave of the St. Ignace (Michigan) News with recent research.

''As he walketh up and down the earth he must view some things with uncommon satisfaction. When he tempted the Lord in the wilderness he was answered, 'Man lives not by bread alone, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God.' Having got this information he makes use of it to hinder every word from God getting into the life of man. If people will go to Church, and sit down to hear, Satan whispers to the architect to put pillars to hide the preacher, and then to stain the windows to hide him more by the dim religious light, and then, having kept out the pure light of heaven, to distribute the stained light in ghastly blotches, making the bald crown of the deacon a bright purple, and the nose of another to play with a lambent blue, and the face of some devout sister, who is homely enough as she is, to horrify with a ghostly green-the whole interior reduced to about the ghastliness of nature under the total eclipse of the sun. Then the old serpent brings it about that the audience-room should be acoustically as bad as possible. He suggests a long and narrow sarcophagus-shaped room with a transept and an apse, and a high-pointed roof and open rafters, and everything admirably adapted for shivering the words of God into a thousand confused echoes." -From the Springfield (Mo.) Republican via the January, 1873, edition of The Church News of the Diocese of Missouri

11

Sir William Howe DeLancey: An American hero at Waterloo By Kempton Baldridge

Colonel Sir William Howe Delancey, KCB ( 1778-1815), was the heroic, capable, and highly respected chief of staff and quartermaster-general of Arthur Wellesley, 1 st Duke of Well­ington, at the Battle of Waterloo in June, 1815. Arguably the Allies' most senior casualty, DeLancey's death one week after the battle, on (or near) the site of All Saints' Episcopal Church, stands as the greatest personal loss Lord Wellington suffered at Waterloo.

William Delancey was born in New York City, the only son of Stephen Delancey ( 1 7 48-1798) and Cornelia Barclay ( 17 5 3- 1817). His parents were married at Trinity Church, Wall Street, on June 16, 1 773, by the Rev. Samuel Auchmuty. William was the grandson of Brigadier General Oliver Delancey ( 1717- 1 785) and great-grandson of Etienne (later Stephen) Delancey ( 1663-1741), who was born in Caen, France. Among the more famous of the Huguenots exiled by the 1685 revocation of the Edict of Nantes, Stephen Delancey became one of Colonial New York's most prom­inent and prosperous merchants and established the Delancey family among the city's most elite.

During the War of lndependence, most of New York's wealth­ier and most prominent families supported King George III, as did Stephen Delancey, who named his son William Howe in honor of the British general who had defeated General George Washington at the Battle of Long Island.

Long-cherished myths have obscured the truth about the American Revolution. The war was controversial, divisive, lengthy, bloody, costly, and far from universally popular. No record exists of Delancey sympathy for the cause of inde­pendence or for the grievances voiced by neighbors, which is neither remarkable nor reason to conclude the family was less conflicted by the turmoil of war than any other American family.

While some viewed the Revolution as treason, likely many Loyalists were motivated less by their allegiance as Englishmen than by practical self-interest. In New York, as in other British colonies, the well-off were also the well-educat­ed and well-informed and the most likely, in the years before the war, to be engaged in the lively political and philosophi­cal discussions in parlors, pubs, and meeting houses. But, how-

1 2

ever laudable the pursuit of democratic ideals might have been in the abstract, in the end it was secondary to the main­tenance of public order and the viability of the economic sys­tem by which their fortunes were derived. Moreover, from the secure vantage point of British-occupied Manhattan, the odds

clearly favored the might of the British Empire over the passionate but underfunded, outgunned, and

disorganized Americans. The war's outcome a foregone conclusion, Loyalists like Stephen

Delancey cast their lot with what they assumed would be the winning side.

When Great Britain and the newly-independent United States signed the Treaty of Paris, officially ending the war in 1783, that most­unthinkable event had happened and the tables were not turned. All De­lancey properties and holdings were

sequestrated, and the family swiftly dis­persed. Some fled to Canada or the West

Indies while others went to England, a land many had never seen. Stephen De­

lancey and his family joined friends and rela­tives in Beverley, England, where 6-year-old

William enrolled in Beverley Grammar School. When his father died, William and his family moved again, this time to London in 1789. There he attended the Harrow School from December, 1789, to December, 1791.

After leaving school, Delancey decided to join the military, a logical option for those with neither title nor inherited wealth. Once in the army, he came to be called "The American," a name by which he was known his entire career. Though it may have been a fondly given nickname from comrades-in­arms bemused by his "exotic" birthplace, it may also have been snide condescension made by well-heeled, manor-born officers, sneering at DeLancey's absence of fortune or family connections.

On July 7, 1792, at the age of 1 5, Delancey was made a cornet in the 16th Light Dragoons. Promoted to lieu­tenant on February 26, 1 793, he soon transferred to the 80th Regiment of Foot (The Staffordshire Volunteers), seeking active army service. Numerous overseas assignments took him to the Netherlands, India, Ceylon, South Africa, Ireland, and Sweden. Joining the 17th Light Dragoons in 1 798, he soon made a bold move. Though a captain, he applied for the

newly formed Royal Military College (RMC) at High Wycombe. He was accepted, worked hard, and became RMC's 53rd graduate in September, 1802. He transferred from the line (infantry or cavalry) to become a staff officer in the newly-formed Quartermaster General's department and one of the first professional staff officers in the history of the British army.

His subsequent distinguished service in the Penin­sular Campaign ( 1809-1814) under Lord Wellington earned Delancey promotions and a knighthood as well as Welling­ton's complete confidence in his abilities. DeLancey's experi­ences there led to the appointment in Belgium and the criti­cal role he was to play in Napoleon Bonaparte's final defeat.

In 1814, with Napoleon exiled to Elba and hostilities over, the British army posted Delancey back to Scotland. There the handsome young colonel met the beautiful Lady Magdalene Hall, the 2 1-year-old daughter of Sir James Hall of Dunglass ( 1761-1832), a respected Scottish scientist and scholar, and Lady Helen Douglas ( 1762-1837). Romance blossomed, and on April 4, 1815, the couple married in Edinburgh in what must have been the social event of the year. The couple's joy was real, but was to be sadly short-lived.

A mere 10 days after his wedding, William was summoned to Brussels by Lord Wellington, his former commander and "most intimate friend," according to biographers. On assuming command in the Southern Netherlands, Wellington found he could not abide the incumbent quartermaster-general, Sir Hudson Lowe, and swiftly arranged to have him posted elsewhere. Wellington's first and only choice for the key post was De­lancey. While privately expressing disappointment at being a mere deputy, Delancey dutifully departed May 9, arriving in Brussels by May 25.

On Thursday, June 15, Delancey was dining with the Spanish ambassador to the Netherlands, General Miguel D'Alava, an old friend from the Peninsular Campaign, when an officer brought news of Napoleon's approach. Mounting the messenger's own horse, Delancey immediately rode off to inform Wellington, then attending Lady Richmond's ball. Wellington's instructions included giving Delancey responsi­bility for positioning the allied forces to meet the French threat. Albeit briefly, Sir William's love for and devotion to Magdalene temporarily trumped his storied devotion to duty, delaying his departure long enough to reassure her and arrange for her evacuation to Antwerp. Then Delancey rode off at full gallop to set in motion the chain of events which would determine the fate of Europe-and his own.

Delancey conducted the retreat from Quatre Bras

1 3

on June 17 and marked out the position the troops were to occupy at Waterloo on June 18. This was, apparently, not the ground Wellington had originally chosen. Recent scholarship reveals conclusively Delancey alone chose the ground and thus deserves the credit for the brilliant positioning so vital to Napoleon's defeat. Secure in his relationship with Wellington, Delancey could, in complete confidence, make this crucial decision himself. The nigh't before the battle, June 17, Sir William stayed in a small thatched cottage along the chaussee de Bruxelles in the village of Waterloo.

Throughout the day, Delancey was astride his mount at Wellington's side, frequently consulting with the commander. That afternoon, while they were speaking,

Delancey was suddenly knocked from his horse, struck in the back by a spent cannonball, break­

ing eight ribs. While the battle still raged, Lieutenant Colonel Delancey Barclay of

the 1st Foot Guards, Sir William's cousin and an assistant adjutant general, saw the event and ordered four soldiers to carry the wounded officer to the safety of a barn at Mont St. Jean.

Believing him dead, Welling­ton later announced DeLancey's death in his dispatches. When he dis­covered his mistake, Wellington went

to the barn where Delancey was being tended. He confessed his error to his

friend and even joked, "Why, Delancey! . . . You will know what your friends said

of you after you were dead," to which Wil­liam bravely replied, "I hope I shall." It was the

last time the two men saw each other. In his dis-patch after the battle, Wellington described Sir William's

death as "a serious loss to His Majesty's Service and to me," the only mention of personal loss in the duke's long military career.

Soon after Wellington's departure, Magdalene arrived from Brussels and located her husband. She arranged to have him moved to a nearby cottage. The cottages of Mont St. Jean have long since disappeared, but the intersection of the four chaussees where All Saints' Episcopal Church stands is fully consistent with Lady DeLancey's description. David Miller, Lady DeLancey's biographer, writes, "The fact that ' . . . the cottage was surrounded by roads' tends to confirm that the cottage was immediately south of the junction of the Nivelles and Charleroi chaussees in the village of Mont St. Jean . . . . "

Sir William died there on June 26, 1815, despite the earnest ministrations of his wife. He was buried on June 28 in a cemetery in St. Joose-ten-Noode, on the south side of the chaussee de Louvain. In 1889, at Queen Victoria's order, DeLancey's remains, with those of other officers who fell at Waterloo, were moved to a massive monument in Evere, near

Continued on next page

Sir William Howe Delancey

Continued from preceding page the present-day NATO headquarters.

Lady Delancey's Narrative, based on her diary, was an instant best-seller in 1816, staying in print until 1906. The tragic tale of the beautiful, doomed newlyweds, set amidst the carnage of Waterloo, became one of the 19th century's most compelling and iconic love stories. Charles Dickens sobbed when he read it, and Sir Walter Scott wrote not only an epic poem, "The Field of Waterloo," but is believed to have used Lady Magdalene as the inspiration for the character, Lucy Ashton, in his 18 19 novel, The Bride oflammermoor. Now as a popular author, her celebrity kept her in constant demand, but she soon wearied of fame and public attention. After mar­rying a second time, Magdalene sought only a quiet, simple life with her new husband and family. Soon, the Delancey story faded from public consciousness.

For nearly two centuries, the barn at Mont St. Jean (north of N5) was the presumed site of Sir William's death, its role as British hospital during and after the battle well-docu­mented. But doubts lingered and other details of DeLancey's last days were shrouded in mystery. In 1999, Magdalene's great-, great-, great-grandson made a startling discovery in a forgotten corner of an attic. Inside a dust-covered trunk, he found the young widow's original diary, two portraits of the young Magdalene, and 40 hand-signed letters. This rare find gave historians a priceless firsthand account of the battle's aftermath and rekindled interest in this unlikely tale of love

Historical Society meets at Tutu Center

Continued from page 6 Vassar College, for travel related to researching the Episcopal Church portion of her book on American Churches and the rise of Gay Rights. The board endorsed the committee's rec­ommendations.

Discussion of the research grants prompted lively con­sideration of how the board allocates resources. Many direc­tors concurred with the sentiments expressed by committee chairman Mark Wastler, calling for the board to increase funding for grants. The challenge before the board, then, was to determine how to find the funds within a budget that is balanced by drawing upon prior year surpluses. Proposals cen­tered on exploring how to control expenses of future meet­ings, especially in light of rising transportation costs. Among the suggestions were: holding meetings by tele-conference, holding meetings at less expensive venues, and holding meet­ings less often or in a shorter time frame.

Indeed, such considerations are being actively pur­sued for meetings in 2009 and 2010. The president announced that the 2009 Executive Committee meeting will take place through conference call; a nearby church rather than conven­tion facilities may be used for the July, 2009, annual meetings

1 4

All Saints' Episcopal Church, Waterloo, was built on o r near the place where Sir William Delancey died in 1815.

and loss at Waterloo by the heroic American and his devoted­unto-death young bride.

Kempton Baldridge "knew precious little about the Battle ofWater­loo " before he became rector of All Saints' Church. Then he began reading whatever he could find. Recent scholarship helped pique interest. When the parish entered negotiations with the Swedish Church to buy its building, Baldridge began telling parishioners the real story about their church property. "All they knew was it had been a restaurant and a night club/disco with a seedy repu­tation-they knew nothing about what was there in 1815. "From there the story "simply grew and grew-and isn't finished even now. "

and dinner held in conjunction with General Convention; and the June, 2010, meetings and tri-history conference will be scheduled over three days instead of six.

The board's willingness to engage in constructive self-review and to cultivate strategic thinking builds upon visioning work begun at last year's meeting in Williamsburg where directors were encouraged to articulate their under­standing of the mission and direction of the society. A com­pilation of those 2007 statements was distributed, and the president asked all present to review the summary and to highlight those statements which best reflected their current understanding of the society and its needs. After giving every­one an opportunity to share responses, the president summa­rized the discussion by grouping the remarks into the follow­ing six topic areas: clarifying mission, strengthening promo­tions, increasing grants, building the African-American and First Nations collections, supplying historical context for cur­rent church issues, and insuring board diversity.

Clearly, there is no shortage of compelling and chal­lenging work before the Historical Society in the years ahead.

N Brooks Graebner, rector of St. Matthew's Episcopal Church in Hillsborough, NC, is secretary of the Historical Society of the Episcopal Church.

Footnotes to history: Napoleon and the Popes

By Roger Prince

Henry VIII's difficulties with Papal power are notorious, but Napoleon Bonaparte had problems, too. He dealt with them in a far more aggressive fashion, however-he locked the Popes up!

The French Revolution was a backlash against not only the monarchy, but also against the Roman Catholic Church. The government disestablished the Church, culmi­nating in the 1790 Law of the Civil Constitution of the

Clergy. Each geographi­cal department was to have just one bishop, and in a radical move to de­mocratize the Church, the bishop, like the priests, was to be elected by the people. Further, all clergy were to swear allegiance to the state and King above the Pope. King Louis XVI delayed

Napoleon Bonaparte signing the law, hopingfor concessions from

Pope Pius VI that might have allowed a dilution of the bill, but he eventually signed it on the day after Christmas, 1790.

Pope Pius repudiated any priests who obeyed the law, France recalled its ambassador to the Vatican, and the Papal Nuncio was recalled from Paris. Anti-Catholic feeling grew, and the revolutionary government, which had deposed the King in 1791 and executed him in 1793, outlawed Sunday (dimanche). The French Republican calendar was introduced, with its 1 O­day weeks and 10-hour days, but one day off in 10 instead of one in seven was not at all pop­ular, and not surprisingly the calendar was aban­doned by 1795.

In 1796, French Republican troops under Bonaparte invaded Italy Pope Pius VIand defeated the Papal army. Pius VI sued for peace, but late in December, 1797, rioters killed the French Ambassador in Rome. The French marched on Rome, entered it unopposed, and proclaimed a Roman Republic in 1798. The French demanded the Pope

15

renounce his temporal authority. When he refused, they took him prisoner, along with all his regal regalia. The regalia was melted down, and Pius VI died in captivity seven months later, aged 81.

Pius VI was embalmed but not buried until January 20, 1800, as Napoleon attempted to bring the Roman Catholic Church back to France. And although the Pope was buried, there was no burial service because there were no cler­gy acceptable to both Church and state!

The new Pope took the name Pius VII. He had to be crowned with a papier-mache tiara because Napoleon's troops had the genuine article. And his institution took place in Venice because the French held Rome. Pius VII and Napoleon Bona­parte continued skir­mishing, but fortunately only with words. The Pope wanted the territo­ries of the Papal States returned while Napoleon wanted Vatican support for his rule. Eventually, a compromise was reached on all points: The Papal Pope Pius VIIStates were returned in 1800, a concordat was negotiated in 1801, Pius VI was given a decent burial at Rome in 1802, and Pius VII attended Napoleon's coronation in 1804. As a reward for his atten­dance, Pius received from Napoleon a tiara that held an emer­ald from the old Papal regalia.

But good relations did not last. The French invaded the Papal States again in 1808. This time Pius VII excommu­nicated Napoleon. In retaliation, the French captured him and held him captive for more than six years, first at Savona, then at Fontainebleau. After British victories in Europe, Pius was freed and the Papal States were restored. After Napoleon's exile to St. Helena, in the south Atlantic, Pius wrote letters urging leniency in his treatment. Napoleon died there in 1821. Pius died in 1823.

Today, France is nominally a Roman Catholic nation so perhaps the Popes had the last laugh.

Roger Prince, a research scientist, is a member of historic St. Thomas' Church in Alexandria, NJ. He writes occasional articles relating to church history for his parish newsletter and for The Historiographer.

Letting history out of a box

By Richard J Anderson

EP I SCOPAL

C H U RCHFACTSf r o m t he Dioc e s e of Western , N e w York

Hon-Prortt Ol"g. u . s . Poatas• PAID Butralo, n. Y.

/ � Permit No. 638

When Pandora of Greek mythology opened a box that had been entrusted to her, out came a stream of evil: greed, vani­ty, lying, slander, envy, and the like. She felt terrible.

When I opened a cardboard box that had been in storage for more than 30 years, out came a small stream of history, a focus on one Episcopal diocese during a few years of its long and continuing life. I felt nervous. As editor of the Episcopal Diocese of Western New York's newspaper between 1969 and 1975, I had written most of the contents of that box. I remembered my editorship of Church/acts as being far from perfect, but I also remembered feeling pretty good about a lot of the work I'd done. I wondered how I'd feel this many years later.

October, 1969 F- Z-c

c-·

I moved to Buffalo in 1969 to be an inner city rector.

Here '• yo\lr lirst bsut: ol CRlRCHFACTS - the "new nevsletter" f'ro• the Diocese or "liestern Mew York! We hope you like· itl CilURCHFAC'l'S vill be i.ssued monthl7 except du.ring the 11\S!'llllerJ i.t you ba.•e ant news ite•s to contribute. please een:i the• to CHllHliFACfS, 1114 Delaware A.n ., Buffalo, N .r. U209.

FROH THE BISHOP COADJUTCE. t A nuntbe!r of concerned people have questioned the decision or the Special Genera1 Convention to allocate $:?00, 000. 00 in non­b�get&rJ f'urxh1 to the 9lack Econcmic Denlopmmt Council. Som!! have felt that we were IM)t.inted by black11a1l . I sincerely believe that this is not the case but rather that we were 111.oliYated by a dee � r seose cf the ur"9nc1 o! the ?"Oble• and lhe possibilit.¥ of extrenely unfortunate eon.sequences for our entire natt on :U' some conatructhe and creative stepa: vere not taken. IL might be helpful to draw up a. cor;par\son bet-e.n the racial. situation in our co untry and an impending hun-icane . I! sorr.eone told you tha.t a hurricane was colld.ng and you had br>tter l'l'IOVe , ;you could 1nterpret this either as blaclc-1natl or a! sound Cdi<nsel. In the caee ot our •llocat.ion to Black econorn;r, the Black clergy and laity of the Episcopal. Church .._rned us of the aar1ot.l!I proble1119 ahead. I belieff our a.lloca.t1on to � was based on sound coun.sel.

I'd not been there long when the recently-consecrated bishop coadjutor approached me about beginning "some kind of newsletter or newspaper." Bishop Harold Robinson admitted that while the need for this was great, the funds to support such a venture were almost non-existent.

Above, the first issue o/Churchfacts included the wistful note:

"I know you have some experience doing this sort of thing, Dick." The bishop spoke from the passenger seat of my 1960 Volkswagen as we moved through the crowded streets of Buffalo's west side. ''I'd like you to figure out what we can do."

"We hope you like it!" Below, some 18 months later, the format had acquired a more professional look.

Churchfacts-the newsletter from the Diocese of Western New York. We hope you like it." That was in October, 1969.

After a lot of begging for funds and only a bit of planning, Western New York Episcopalians received in their mailboxes a single sheet of 11 x 14 bond paper, printed on both sides, headed "Episcopal Churchfacts from the Diocese of Western New York." At least most of the names on the out­of-date mailing list received it. The rector of one rather large parish and those of two smaller ones said they "didn't want their parish members receiving anything published by the diocese until they had had a chance to preview it." Even so, I wrote the hopeful announcement: "Here's your first issue of

I was not too happy with the newsletter's hastily selected name. I didn't want Churchman-too many other diocesan papers were The Churchman. (I didn't dream that "Churchman" would soon be discarded by most because of gender discrimination.) Western New York needed something short and easy to remember. and Churchfacts was the best we could do. In October, 1971, a priest named Leslie Chard wrote the editor a complimentary letter, his only criticism of the paper being its "pedestrian and unimaginative" title. Years later, others would agree with him and change the name to

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1 6

Church Act.s:--an improvement, to say the least. I told the bishop that starting a publication

was fairly easy. It would only survive, however, if the diocese became dependent on it and unable to get along without it. Western New York had no money to support anything that was not really essential. So the bishop and I sat down to discuss a few basic guidelines. Each issue would be divided roughly into thirds: information related to diocesan boards and committees, information about the various congre­gations, and information about the Church beyond the diocese. Every issue would also contain some news or information that diocesan leaders, and even the bishop himself, would first learn of by reading Church facts .

Diocesan information would include stories about some of the lesser-known commissions, committees, and small groups. Information from afar would be interesting happen­ings as well as material from the national staff and legislative bodies. There would be no editorials. The bishop would be the sole columnist. Letters to the editor would be welcomed.

The newspaper would balance "PR " with objective coverage. It would deal with controversies and tensions by

illumination of its downtown Buffalo office tower. The com­pany's CEO ordered it done. A Churchfacts story in December, 1973, surveyed diocesan response to President Nixon's suggestion to eliminate all auto gas sales on Sunday afternoons. The only person claiming hardship from such a move was the missioner to congregations of hearing impaired people. His Sunday circuit was usually more than 200 miles.

War was raging in southeast Asia. Most of our report­presenting both sides. It would not tell people what they should think, but pro­vide information to use in deciding for themselves. If the paper was going to succeed, it would have to become re­spected, trusted, and of maximum use to as much of the diocese as possible.

The 11 x 14 single sheet format continued into early 1970 when a little more money was appropriated, and Churchfacts became a 4-page printed leaflet. We could run pictures! That summer, I met a Buffalo printer just starting a business. He needed a publi­cation he could show as an example of his work. Now the diocese could have an 8-page monthly tabloid for very little money. It also meant we were part of the printer's learning process. Churchfacts abounded with imperfections, largely due to sloppy paste-up work, but we managed to keep most typos out of the articles. I was bothered, but I heard no complaints.

As I removed the brittle, yel­lowing tabloid newspapers from their cardboard box, I began to read.

My eye was drawn to articles on topics that are still hot-button subjects. In March, 1 97 1, Western New York's diocesan council received a resolution about abortion from the Christian Social Relations Committee. The council asked that it be published in

A sampling of headlines, 1969 through 1975

Many B lacks Are U n happy With Convention Res u lts

Executive C o u n c i l adopts world h u nger resolutions

Cou n c i l As ks for Abort ion Law Change

Bishop Tel ls NMP Meet i n g Pol l ut ion Control U rgent

D iocese Asked to D iscuss Aid to Schools Issue

Statement on Vietnam S i g ned by 1 7 Bishops

Equal Opportu n ity i n B uffalo H o u s i n g Is S u bject of " Because It's Rig ht"

Positive response g iven to criticism of bom b i n g

C h u rch t o b e fi nal j udge of p roposed P rayer Book

ing about this was from sources outside the diocese, including resolutions of the national Executive Council. In January, 1973, Bishop Robinson wrote a sting­ing letter to President Nixon, protesting a big increase in the bombing of North Vietnam. The bishop received wide­spread approval. I interviewed Bishop for the Armed Forces Clarence Hob­good but also wrote a story about the Episcopal Peace Fellowship's protest at his consecration.

In March, 1973, we reported the strong opposition to the curtailing of federal funds that supported some of the activities at St. Augustine's Center in Buffalo. The article made it clear that St. Augustine's itself received no govern­ment money but was the site of some community programs that did. The word "voucher " was not used, but in May, 1971, Churchfacts reported on a diocesan council resolution related to public funding for some of the costs of non-public education. According to the following month's paper, the matter was tabled without a vote.

Among the November, 1970, articles about that year's General Con­vention was one by 17-year-old Michael Curry. A youth representative from Western New York, he was disappointed with Convention's actions regarding race, seeing Charles V Willie's election

Churchfacts so members might receive input from throughout the diocese before voting. How much input members received is unknown, but a month later, they adopted the resolution. It was generally pro-choice yet called for some limits, more counseling opportunities, and more widespread information about birth control. We reported on the resolution and the council's decision but also quoted some clergy and others who vigorously opposed it.

to be vice-president of the House of Deputies as a lone posi­tive decision. Michael Curry would one day become bishop of North Carolina. World hunger, welfare, and widespread drug availability were among other topics featured in Churchfacts.

Concern about the environment led Bishop Robin­son to address a Niagara Mohawk Power stockholders meet­ing. He called for better ecological policies. Niagara Mohawk was asked to conserve electricity by turning off the night-time

17

The two big in-Church questions of the time were revision of the Book of Common Prayer and canonical changes that would make it possible for women to be or­dained. Churchfacts published numerous reports about the progress of Prayer Book revision, including sample texts and the rationale behind them. It reported as well the diversity of feeling in the diocese, including in June, 1972, the formation

Continued on next page

Letting history out of a box

Continued from preceding page of a chapter of the Society for the Preservation of the Book of Common Prayer. Pairs of pro and con articles were run side by side. There was coverage of a talk by Standing Liturgical Commission member Dupuy Bateman to the Diocesan Altar Guild meeting in May, 1975.

We had an early start on coverage of the ordination of women. In November, 1970, two Western New York women -Helen Tirrell and Ruth Berger-wrote pro and con articles. In September, 1971, we printed an interview with Kathleen Ryan of Tucson, Arizona, who the previous December, a few months after General Convention made it possible, became the first woman ordained deacon in the Episcopal Church. Sarah Rieth became Western New York's first woman postu­lant in November, 1973. In November, 1974, the diocesan convention tabled a resolution supporting women's ordination.

Churchfacts included an abundance of good news about the diocese. It also let people know diocesan life was not always sweetness and light. A lot of clergy dissatisfaction was expressed at Harold Robinson's first clergy conference as diocesan bishop. The paper called the conference "rocky." When the Christian Social Relations Committee decided to employ sensitivity training at one of its meetings "to help peo­ple better communicate," a priest member made some caustic comments as he walked out.

A big feature of reporting about church life beyond the diocese was a monthly telephone interview. Among those interviewed were George Guernsey, III, of St. Louis (Epis­copal Church investment policies), Robert Gooden of Los Angeles (oldest Episcopal bishop at age 98), Pop Bailey of the Highland Education Program in Appalachia, the president of the Society for the Preservation of the Book of Common Prayer, pianist Frances Roots Hadden, Mother Mary Grace of the Community of St. Mary, and Charles Bound, who sup­ported church grants to beginning minority-owned businesses.

Churchfacts was a means for getting advance copies of resolutions and other material into circulation prior to dioce­san conventions. I tried to liven this rather heavy prose with cartoon characters, drawings by first graders, photos, and the like. Maximum coverage was given to the annual Episcopal Charities appeal, diocesan institutions, the cathedral's series of Lenten preachers, the summer camp. And people had their own ways of attracting my attention. I was invited to a lunch­eon of the Episcopal Church Home volunteers. During the reading of the previous meeting's minutes I heard that "it was moved and seconded for Canon Anderson to be invited to our next luncheon so he could write us up in Churchfacts!'

My general feeling after opening the cardboard box and delving into a bit of history? I feel pretty good about Churchfacts of nearly 40 years ago. The issues were well writ­ten and edited. Content was balanced. We came very close to the goal of its being divided three ways: diocese, congrega-

18

Youth representative Michael Curry contemplates the message on a banner displayed at the 1970 General Convention.

tions, and the Church beyond the diocese. A lot of informa­tion was presented about people as well as topics. I used a lot of journalistic devices, and my sense of humor was not always closeted. I developed a serial story of a fictitious Western New York parish and described its diverse members as they wres­tled with the same topics as their human counterparts.

What bothers me about Churchfacts? I was very for­mal. Women on first reference were always Mrs. John Jones or Miss Henrietta Myers. We had a lot of titles: Father, Doctor, Canon, Bishop, Dean, and the like. As I remember, I followed the New York Times style book. Was the Times like that?

While there are signs I was trying to be inclusive, the paper was heavy on coverage of what the clergy said and did. Too many pictures featuring clerical collars! By 1973, Vice­President Agnew had been forced to resign, and it looked as though President Nixon would follow suit. I invited seven clergymen to write their thoughts about this national crisis and published them as the paper's center spread. I can't re­member giving a thought to including lay voices. Ouch! Try as I might for interesting pictures, a lot of my camera work appears today to be stereotypical-such as having delegates to the Episcopal Churchwomen's 1973 Triennial Meeting seated at a lovely table, all dressed up and sipping tea from matching china cups.

Churchfacts was funded with little question by a dio­cese where finances were tight. I think the paper was well read. When I left Western New York in 1975, the diocesan council asked the bishop quite pointedly his plans for the paper's future. He certainly had some for the paper is still being published, renewed and improved in name and in other ways as well.

Pandora, says the legend, was sorry she opened that mythical box. I'm happy I opened the one I found. History is well worth reading, even when you've had a hand in writing it.

Richard J Anderson, founding editor of Churchfacts, executive assistant to Presiding Bishop john M Allin, and parish priest, is retired and living in Kennebunk, ME.

Old St. Andrew's, Bloomfield: Anglicans in a Congregational ocean Early colonists in the Simsbury-Windsor area of Connecticut had no choice of place to worship other than First Church, Congregational. This changed on December 15, 1740, when six hard-headed Yankees of Simsbury notified their Congre­gational brethren that they cherished the Church of England and claimed the liberty of worship as granted by law. Thus was established St. Andrew's Church, "an island of Anglicans in a Congregational ocean."

By 17 43, these "professors of the Church of Eng­land " had built a meeting house east of where the present church stands and had secured 50 acres of land for a glebe to provide income for future ministers. In 1807, they erected a new building two miles south of the original site to be closer to the center of a growing population. Anticipated benefits did not materialize, and in 1828, the building was moved to the original property. Over the years, substantial changes were made to the interior, including addition of an organ, stained glass windows, and the carved Communion rail and reredos.

In the 1950's, the building was restored and a parish hall added. Further renovations provided modern facilities with no distortion to the original 1807 church.

Manteo and Virginia Dare

Continued from page 1 seated guests. The Kordax Brass of New Bern, along with members of Schola Cantorum and the choirs of St. Andrew's, Nags Head, and All Saints', Southern Shores, led by Dr. Larry Cook of St. Paul's, Wilmington, prepared the way.

At 3 p.m., ChiefThomas Lewis and drummers of the Meherrin tribe led a procession of four deacons, four bishops, acolytes, and priests down a walkway and onto the floor of the stage, taking viewers back to a time when the land was untouched and unknown to the settlers from England. In addition to Bishop Daniel, the bishops were Michael Curry

19

St. Andrew's Church represents Connecticut in the 2009 Historic Episcopal Churches Engagement Calendar. The spiral-bound desk calendar features 53 churches, one from each state, the Dis­trict of Columbia, and two more, with photograph and history. Order from NEHA, 509 Yale Avenue, Swarthmore, PA 19081 . Cost is $16.95 per copy plus 10 percent for postage and handling.

of North Carolina, Porter Taylor of Western North Carolina, and Assisting Bishop Alfred Marble of North Carolina.

The service was filled with music, hymns, lessons, a sermon by Bishop Daniel on unity from the past through the future, baptisms of a young boy and girl, and the Eucharist celebrated by Bishop Marble. The event was an opportunity for people to gather and celebrate community and relation­ships that have extended over centuries. Participants were able to reflect on their pasts and the past of the Church as well as think about the potential the future holds for all humankind.

"This was a beautiful service," said a visitor. "I thought it was a great chance to really experience how the Church has progressed over those hundreds of years. It is wonderful to see how open the Church is to all people."

Open to the public, the service was the first official Episcopal liturgy to commemorate the baptisms of Manteo and Virginia Dare. A petition has been made to the Standing Liturgical Commission for inclusion in the Church's calendar of Lesser Feasts and Fasts.

Material for this article came from Keri Dixon, communications officer for the Diocese of East Carolina, and Mamre Marsh Wilson, NEHA board member and archivist-historiographer for the Diocese of East Carolina. Icon by Cheryl Hendrick.

Left, the Rev. David Umphlett baptizes Samuel Harkins as he is held by his father, Eddy Harkins. Photo by Keri Dixon.

Books THE FOUNDATION STONE: Henry Yates Satterlee and

the Creation of Washington National Cathedral Richard Greening Hewlett Montrose Press, Rockville, MD (Pp. 199, hard cover $29.95, soft cover $19.95)

The Foundation Stone invites us to learn the origins of the great Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul in Washington, D. C. From the front cover, with its image of the soaring towers of

the cathedral's west end, through a text generously illustrated with some 47 black-and-white photo­graphs and drawings, the reader senses that this book by Richard Greening Hewlett, master histori­an and former cathedral archivist, is a real treasure in American ec­clesiastical history.

In the Foreword, the cur­rent bishop of Washington, John Bryson Chane, appropriately de­scribes the cathedral as the "house

of prayer for all people" that was envisioned by Henry Yates Satterlee, the New York clergyman who became the first bish­op of the Diocese of Washington.

Begun in 1907, the cathedral was 83 years in the building. Published in 2007, the cathedral's centennial year, The Foundation Stone promises to become a definitive work. Drawn largely from primary sources, it is a well-organized, readable narrative with ample documentation.

Henry Yates Satterlee was a remarkable man who has been largely unknown, at worst, and summarily neglected, at best, in American historiography. He was a prophet, a vision­ary, a representative of broad church, muscular Christianity in the Gilded Age of America and the Episcopal Church. A grad­uate of Columbia University and General Theological Semi­nary, he was the consummate patrician New Yorker. Through him we are given a revealing glimpse of New York, a city that in many respects, according to Hewlett, was "the heart of the Episcopal Church." He was a practitioner of the "social gospel " who never gave up hope that American Protestant Churches would ultimately be united under the aegis of the Anglican Church. He became convinced that establishing a church "for national purposes" in the capitol would go far toward promoting that unity.

How Satterlee was able to translate his vision into reality forms the basis of The Foundation Stone. That the com­pleted cathedral exists today atop Mount St. Alban, and that its ministry and outreach transcend denomination and faith

20

traditions, is a testament to his dreams and works. Although the reader learns a lot about Satterlee, he

nevertheless emerges as a kind of superman-a saint whom we never quite get to know as human. Although sources for his humanity may be lacking, what we do know tantalizes us, makes us want to know him better.

The Foundation Stone is, nevertheless, a masterful por­trait of a highly focused workman, his times, and his cathe­dral. It is a fitting centennial history that will long survive the centennial year.

A CHURCH FOR HELLDORADO Edited by S. J Reidhead

Carl R. Stockton Sarasota, FL

St. Paul's Episcopal Church, PO Box 1489, Tombstone, AZ 85638 (Pp. 152, soft cover $15. 00 + $5. 00 shipping)

Episcopal members of congregations large and small, in a variety of locations, have experienced ministry with interim clergy. These interims are usually priests who are appointed or called to serve for specific periods of time, most often with congregations searching for a rector, vicar, or dean.

A Church far Helldorado is the lightly edited diary, together with some correspondence, of a seminary student who was an "interim" minister for St. Paul's Church in Tomb­stone, Arizona, in 1882. His name was Endicott Peabody. Born into a Unitarian household in 1857, Peabody lived in England during most of his childhood. His positive experi­ence with the Church of England led him into the Episcopal Church when he returned as a young man to the United States. A graduate of Trinity College, he was a student at Episcopal Theological School (now Episcopal Divinity School) when, as he wrote in 1925, "I came to Tombstone be­cause someone in the community had heard that I was study­ing for the ministry and urged me to begin in his bailiwick."

Peabody was to become well known in later years. He founded Groton School in 1884, serving as headmaster until 1940. He officiated at the marriage of one of his Groton pupils, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, to Eleanor Roosevelt. But he was a rather uncertain seminarian when on January 21, 1882, he boarded a train in Boston. It was the beginning of an eight-day journey to Tombstone, mostly by rail, via Phila­delphia, Harrisburg, Columbus, St. Louis, Kansas City, and Deming. He finally detrained in Benson, Arizona, and bumped over the last miles to Tombstone by stagecoach on Saturday, January 28. He was to be St. Paul's "interim" until July 17.

Tombstone was a wild, rough-and-tough frontier town. Deputy Sheriff Billy Breakenridge gave it its descriptive

nickname in his autobiography, Helldorado. The diary and correspondence of Endicott Peabody, published between the covers of A Church for Helldorado, give lots of examples of just how deserving the famed town is of that reputation. The book's foreword notes that two months before Peabody arrived, Tombstone's "Marshal Virgil Earp had led his broth­ers and a wayward dentist named Holliday into a battle against outlaws . . . . " The shoot-out is remembered as The Gunfight at the O.K Corral.

But even as the ranchers, miners, outlaws, law enforcers, and tavern keepers of 1882 Tombstone did their thing, so too did young Endicott Peabody do his. The diary accounts for preaching, presiding at liturgy, calling on those who supported St. Paul's and its ministry as well as those who might, burial services for the comfort of all, including victims of violence and accidents, and making every effort to become a part of the place, strange and unusual though it might be. He even organized a baseball team.

St. Paul's, Tombstone, is the oldest church in Arizona. Peabody arrived to find a fairly well-organized and

A f!IW CH FOR \.\.\l \\AD

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active congregation that wor­shiped in a room at the court­house. Land had been purchased for a church building, and the foundation had been laid. The building would be completed before Peabody's July departure, paid for with money raised for the most part through his efforts. It is to this day one of the many land­marks in historic Tombstone.

Because diaries are written for personal purposes rather than

general circulation, they stand the chance of being blatantly honest.. Peabody's handwritten observations are abundant with examples of what today would be labeled sexism, racism, classism, and the like. The young writer had no intention of being abusive to anyone. He was simply writing as a person of his own time. An example from Monday, February 6: "Went to Ladies Society meeting at Mrs. Earle's . . . . meeting owing to female verbosity lasted over an hour." He did not hesitate to be critical of life in Tombstone. He and other church lead­ers published a statement in the local newspaper calling for town businesses to be closed on Sundays. But he was also in and out of those businesses frequently, expressing interest in and support for those who operated them. He attended and supported public events and contributed money to meet local needs. He was able to put on paper his feelings of homesick­ness, especially for his cousin Fanny, who later became his wife.

A Church for Helldorado provides glimpses of the Episcopal Church of the late 19th century. Peabody spent a day in Kansas City between trains, and since it was January 25, St. Paul's Day, he located a small Episcopal church and

21

received Holy Communion. At one place he referred to him­self as a lay reader, offering the daily offices and other non­Eucharistic services from the 1789 Book of Common Prayer. He put great emphasis on preaching. He wrote some of the sermons he delivered and read published sermons by others. He was in frequent contact with the bishop of Arizona.

As is the case with some self-published books, A Church for Helldorado begs for better design, typography, and editing. Typographical errors are far too numerous, decreasing the book's usefulness as a factual source. But in spite of diffi­culties with type and design, I found it well worth reading.

I can provide an answer for editor S. J. Reidhead. Peabody wrote that on Friday, January 27, his train stopped at "Lavey," New Mexico, at 4:30 p.m., 18 miles from Santa Fe. In a footnote, Reidhead admits, "I have no earthly idea what this word [Lavey] is. I've consulted highway maps, maps of the Santa Fe Trail, etc., and can come up with nothing." This is surprising because S.]. Reidhead lives in New Mexico where Lamy, not Lavey, is the railroad stop for Santa Fe. It is named for Jean-Baptiste Lamy, first Roman Catholic arch­bishop of Santa Fe.

Today, Amtrak's Southwest Chief stops in Lamy enroute from Chicago to Los Angeles. A traveler bound for Tombstone, however, �ill have to do what Endicott Peabody did in 1882: detrain at some point and make the final lap of the trip by stagecoach or its modern equivalent.

Richard J Anderson Retired priest and railroad buff, Kennebunk, ME

OASIS: A History of Trinity Episcopal Church, Pine Bluff, Arkansas By Jacquelyn Layton Stuart Trinity Episcopal Church, PO Box 8069, Pine Bluff, AR 7161 1 (Pp. 161, hard cover $20. 00)

Trinity Episcopal Church held its first service on Christmas Day, 1870. Bishop Leonidas Polk had passed through this part of Arkansas in 1838 and strongly recommended appoint­ing a missionary to serve the Episcopalians in and around Pine Bluff. But it was not until 1859, when the Rev. Robert Trimble arrived, that a congregation was organized. It met in various churches and homes until the out­break of the Civil War. In 1865, the Rev. Mr. Trimble re­turned to Pine Bluff and reorganized the congregation. He bought a lot for the church building and ordered 31 stained glass windows. Trinity Episcopal Church was underway.

In 2003, Jacquelyn Layton Stuart, parish historian and retired school teacher, began gathering Trinity history for

storage and preservation. In 2004, the rector "suggested " that all this information should be put into a book-to include everything: personal stories, the history of the windows, biog­raphies of the rectors, founders, organizations, and everything else that might be relevant to a complete story. As the author humbly points out, this project was not hers alone. She enlist­ed researchers, proofreaders, a business manager who over­saw the design of the book and gathered contributions for its publication, an editor, and volunteers to record parishioner memories and contributions by members of the Pine Bluff community. More than 60 "saints" and patrons are listed as contributing to the publication of the book.

What finally came from this endeavor is a coffee­table size book with more than 100 photographs, including a middle section with color pictures of the church's interior on Palm Sunday, 2007, the five sanctuary windows, and the gar­dens and grounds. One of the book's best features is the larg­er-than-usual type, which makes it much easier to read, par­ticularly for aging reviewers! Divided into 18 chapters, the book concludes with a "reflections" column by the Rev. Wal­ter Van Zandt Windsor, whose "suggestion" began the proj­ect.

The first five chapters offer a detailed history of Pine Bluff and the slow but steady evolution of Trinity into a func­tioning and active congregation. Oasis then shifts to a differ­ent format, with chapters on early vestrymen, the first woman's participation in church governance, and short biog­raphies of the early rectors, followed by short-and some­times lengthy-reminiscences by present and former mem­bers of the altar guild, choir, garden and grounds committees, school personnel, organists, and those involved in special events. These vignettes are nicely placed to coincide with the author's telling of the story and add a welcome change of pace from the narrative.

The author and her helpers do an admirable job of presenting a readable and fact-filled story of Trinity Church and its members. Anyone writing, or preparing to write, a parish history should read Oasis for a number of reasons-its decidedly different format, its oral history pieces, its in-depth biographical information on the rectors and their families, the number and placement of photographs, and the layout and production of the final book. Oasis shows what can be done by mobilizing a number of people to work on specific tasks, each contributing to the overall publication.

Michael Strock Historian, Trinity Parish, St. Augustine, FL

PADRE: E. C. Cross & 'The Devonshire Epitaph' By David R. MacDonald Cloverdale Books, South Bend, IN (Pp. 101, soft cover $1695)

The black-and-white cover of this small book ( 100 pages of text), featuring a striking grainy photograph of "Padre" E. C.

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Crosse, tells the reader a great deal even before he peruses the contents. Cross, wearing a clerical collar and the British army uniform of the Great War, looks out vacantly through pince­nez glasses.

A notation on epitaphs, before a listing of the table of contents and preface, further informs the reader that this little book is going to be about war and about some of the men who fought and died in it, the Devonshire regiment and their chaplain, who will tell their story:

The Devonshires held this trench. The Devonshires hold it still.

Written by Crosse and placed over a mass grave, it is one of the great epitaphs of all time.

Written by a former chaplain of the United States forces, an Episcopal priest and scholar who knows how to handle his sources and the language to produce an eminently readable volume, the text is well-documented, from primary sources. In addition to the story itself, the book is also about the adventure of finding an apparently unexamined cache at one of the preeminent military archives of the world, the Imperial War Museum in London. The excitement of

finding Crosse's diary, with the dust of the Somme still clinging to its pages, is a historian's dream. The author writes that with the words from Crosse's diary, both the subject and his times came alive with cogent writing so that he came to identify with and marvel at this unique man.

Padre can be read as fasci­nating biography and reportage by readers coming upon the Great War narratives for the first

time or those who know the outlines and have already read much about the war, in which there has been much renewed interest nearly a century hence.

There are 20 superb illustrations, including the por­trait on the cover and tide page. The stark listing of the dead, wounded, or missing from the three major battles of the Great War-Verdun, Somme, and Passchendale, 3,305,130 casualties, with no significant change to the strategic situation on the Western Front-still makes one shudder in horror.

MacDonald reminds us that "the futility and waste of men's lives for gains measured in meters rather than miles is without rival in the annals of warfare." His somewhat discur­sive discussion of the "just war " theory, as illustrated by the snapshot of a particular regiment and particular chaplain, is less compelling than the biographical aspects of the narrative, bur it is instructive nonetheless.

Several unfortunate typographical errors and a con­tinuing confusion about italicizing and underlining are irri­tants. The entire text needs ruthless editing for these and other infelicities. One can hope for a cleaner second edition;

meanwhile, the current edition can be read with great profit. I can commend it without the slightest reservation.

Carl R. Stockton Sarasota, FL

RALPH ADAMS CRAM: An architect's four quests By Douglas Shand- Tucci University of Massachusetts Press (Pp. 600, $49.95)

The day I finished reading this book, the church on its cover (Christ Church in New York City) announced it was selling its air rights for $30 million. While the sale has nothing specifically to do with Ralph Adams Cram, the congregation has surely survived and prospered in part because of the neo­Gothic splendor of Cram's building.

This lengthy and engrossing book is filled with illus­trations of the staggeringly numerous masterpieces of Cram's career, including St. Thomas', Fifth Avenue, and the Cathedral of St. John the Divine in New York.

Even connoisseurs of church architecture may be sur­prised to learn of Cram's minute attention to detail-down to

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the material and colors of altar frontals. Also given are highlights of his non-ecclesiastical work on college campuses such as West Point, Princeton, and Wellesley.

Shand-Tucci shows how this champion of the Gothic style was influenced by Japanese and Spanish art. Cram even produced designs Shand-Tucci calls "Cram Deco." Accounts of the architect's wide-ranging friendships mention familiar figures of early 20th-centu­

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ry Episcopal Church history such as the Cowley Fathers, for whom Cram designed a stunning chapel in Cambridge.

It may be a long time before another church architect appears on the cover of Time, in the interim, Episcopalians may take pride and pleasure in the splendid creations of Ralph Adams Cram.

J Douglas Ousley Rector, Church of the Incarnation, New York, NY

(Reprinted by permission ftom The Living Church.)

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The National Episcopal Historians and Archivists 509 Yale AvenueSwarthmore, PA 1 908 1

NONPROFIT O RG .U S POSTAGE PAID

SWARTHMORE, PA 1 908 1PERMIT NO. 36

� IN',SIDE T·HIS ISSUE �

A <t,.our of ecclesiastical art in Memphis' Episcopal churches was a highlight of NEHA's 2008 conference. The muraJ above serves as reredos for the main altar

of St. john's Church. Photo by Barbara Turner.

Dates to remember June 23 - 26, 2009

NEHA meets in Racine, WI

July 1 0 - ,1 1 , 2009HSEC meets in Anaheim, CA

• North Carolina commemorates first baptisms, page

• News and Notes, pages 2, 5, 1 1' .

• HistorianfRhoda Hackler, Alb�ert Allen, page 3• Fond du Lac River inundates archives, page 4• East Carolina celebrates 125th anniversary, page 5

• HSEC holds annual meeting at Tutu Center, page 6

• EWHP meets in Memphis, elects officers, page 7• Local history enlivens NEHA conference, page 8

• Frances Roots Hadden and Chou En-lai, page 1 0

• Sir William Delancey, hero of Waterloo, page 12

• Footnotes to history: Napoleon and the Popes, page 15

• Letting history o,ut of a box, page 1 6

• Old St. Andrew's, Bloomfield, page 19

• Book reviews, page 20

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