the gmat demystified

7/31/2019 The GMAT Demystified

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dm r 7


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;

Niqv{fde|" Bmdgb Oi|fnm gol Lf~nbgfcm{:

Gbb nio|mo|~ fo |ef~ lin}cmo| g{m |em niqv{fde| i` G{f~|i|bm Q{mq/

Gov |{glmcg{h~" ~m{pfnm cg{h~" q{il}n| ogcm~ i{ ogcml `mg|}{m~

g{m g~~}cml |i km |em q{iqm{|v i` |emf{ {m~qmn|fpm itom{~ gol g{m

}~ml iobv ì{ {m`m{monm/ \em{m f~ oi fcqbfml moli{~mcmo| f` tm }~miom i` |em~m |m{c~/

Gb|ei}de |em g}|ei{~ gol q}kbf~em{ egpm cglm mpm{v {mg~iogkbm

g||mcq| |i gnefmpm nicqbm|m gnn}{gnv i` |em nio|mo| fo |ef~ D}flm"

|emv g~~}cm oi {m~qio~fkfbf|v ì{ m{{i{~ i{ icf~~fio~/ Vi} ~ei}bl

}~m |ef~ foì{cg|fio g| vi}{ ito {f~h/

\em DCG\ f~ g {mdf~|m{ml |{glmcg{h i` |em D{gl}g|m

Cgogdmcmo| Glcf~~fio~ Ni}onfb tefne omf|em{ ~qio~i{~ oi{

moli{~m~ |ef~ q{il}n|


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>

\gkbm i` Nio|mo|~

Qg{|F : Fo|{il}n|fio

7/ Dm||fod |g{|ml ////////////////////0;/ \em Qv{gcfl i` ~}nnm~~ io DCG\ ////////////////7;>/ Pf~}gbfzfod ^}nnm~~#\em Hmv |i ^|gv Ci|fpg|ml ////////////7>

Qg{|#FF : Glpfnm" \fq~" Fo~fde|~ |eg| vi} tfbb oi| `fol mb~mtem{m

7/ \em t{iod gol |em {fde| tgv |i q{mqg{m ì{ |em DCG\//7=;/ Lmk}ohfod ~icm cv|e~/74>/ @fpm Fon{mlfkbv }~m`}b |fq~ ì{ |em DCG\ ///;1

Qg{|# FFF: Dm||fod {mglv ì{ |em |m~| lgv

7/

\e{mm |efod~ |i li kmì{m |em DCG\/////////////;7

;/ \e{mm |efod~ |i li io |em DCG\ /////////////////////// ///;7>/ \e{mm |efod~ |i gpifl io |em DCG\ ///////////////////;;

Qg{|# FP: Eit mugn|bv li |m~| |ghm{~ lf` m{9

7/ Lf``m{monm km|tmmo g 401" 411 gol 011 ~ni{m{////;>


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#1" |em

bitm~| DCG\ ~ni{m fo |em

n}{{mo| nbg~~ f~ =51


10/25

71

DCG\ gol |em Glcf~~fio Q{inm~~

Li k}~fom~~ ~neiib~ {mw}f{m g cfofc}c DCG\ ~ni{m gol teg| ~ni{m ~ei}bl F km

|g{dm|fod9

Ci~| k}~fom~~ ~neiib~ li oi| egpm gov cfofc}c n}|#i`` ì{ |em DCG\/ Eit c}ne vi}

|g{dm| io |em DCG\ ~ei}bl lmqmol io |em gpm{gdm DCG\ ~ni{m~ g| |em ~neiib~ vi} g{m

gqqbvfod |i/ @i{ mugcqbm" f` |em gpm{gdm DCG\ ~ni{m g| |em Teg{|io ~neiib f~ 4;1" vi}{

|g{dm| ~ni{m ~ei}bl km g{i}ol 4;1 |i ~|gv nicqm|f|fpm/

\em gpm{gdm DCG\ ~ni{m g| |em ~neiib F gc |g{dm|fod f~ 471/ Lim~ |ef~ cmgo |eg| f`

F dm| ~icm|efod g{i}ol 0 `{icem{m

Li F omml |i |ghm |em DCG\ ì{ qg{|#|fcm CKG q{id{gc~ |ii9

Vm~" |em qg{|#|fcm q{id{gc~ g| ci~| |iq ~neiib~ tfbb gb~i {mw}f{m vi} |i |ghm |em DCG\/

Tfbb F egpm |i |ghm gov i|em{ mugc gqg{| `{ic |em DCG\ |i gqqbv |i k}~fom~~~neiib~9

Fo gllf|fio |i |em DCG\ ~ni{m" ci~| k}~fom~~ ~neiib~ {mw}f{m fo|m{og|fiogb ngolflg|m~ |i

~}kcf| \IM@B %\m~| i` Modbf~e g~ g @i{mfdo Bgod}gdm ~ni{m~ g~ tmbb/ îcm k}~fom~~

~neiib~ cgv cghm go munmq|fio k}| g cgji{f|v i` |em ~neiib~ tfbb {mw}f{m vi} |i ~}kcf| g

\IM@B ~ni{m/

Lfl vi} hoit 9

DCG\ ~ni{m~ g{m

pgbfl ì{ = vmg{~
http://www.aristotleprep.com/us-business-school-rankings-2012-13/http://www.aristotleprep.com/us-business-school-rankings-2012-13/http://www.aristotleprep.com/us-business-school-rankings-2012-13/http://www.aristotleprep.com/us-business-school-rankings-2012-13/


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77

F egpm emg{l |eg| F ngo |ghm |em D[M fo~|mgl i` |em DCG\ |i gqqbv ì{ CKG

q{id{gc~/ F~ |ef~ |{}m9

Vm~" vi} ngo |ghm |em D[M |i gqqbv ì{ CKG q{id{gc~/ Eitmpm{" vi} ~ei}bl |ghm |em

D[M iobv f` vi} |efoh |eg| vi} tfbb oi| km gkbm |i ~ni{m tmbb io |em DCG\ io g ~mniol

g||mcq|/ Ci~| ngolflg|m~ mo|m{ k}~fom~~ ~neiib |e{i}de |em DCG\ ~ni{m~ ~i f| f~ mg~fm{ì{ |em glcf~~fio niccf||mm~ |i nicqg{m vi}{ ~ni{m pf~#g#pf~ |em i|em{ gqqbfngo|~/ Gb~i

|em glcf~~fio niccf||mm~ cgv tiolm{ tev vi} lfl oi| |ghm i{ {m|ghm |em DCG\/

[mbmpgonm i` |em DCG\ kmviol |em glcf~~fio q{inm~~

Tfbb cv DCG\ ~ni{m egpm gov m``mn| l}{fod)g`|m{ cv CKG9

\ei}de fo dmom{gb vi}{ DCG\ ~ni{m lim~o| egpm c}ne ~fdof`fngonm g`|m{ vi} mo|m{ gk}~fom~~ ~neiib" f| cgv km go fcqi{|go| `gn|i{ fo lm|m{cfofod |em `fogonfgb gfl |eg| vi}

{mnmfpm/ Vi}{ DCG\ ~ni{m cgv kmnicm iom i` |em qg{gcm|m{~ |eg| tfbb lmnflm tem|em{

vi} i{ ~icmiom mb~m tei f~ g~ nicqm|mo| g~ vi} ~ei}bl dm| |em `fogonfgb gfl/ Gb~i g `mt

i` |em |iq fopm~|cmo| kgoh~ cgv {mw}f{m vi} |i ~}kcf| vi}{ DCG\ ~ni{m temo vi}

gqqbv ì{ iqmofod~ fccmlfg|mbv g`|m{ vi}{ CKG/

Tev li k}~fom~~ ~neiib~ tgo| |em ngolflg|m~ |i |ghm |em DCG\ fo |em `f{~| qbgnm9

K}~fom~~ ~neiib~ tgo| g niccio mbmcmo| |e{i}de tefne |emv ngo mpgb}g|m ngolflg|m~/

Mgne vmg{ ngolflg|m~ `{ic lf``m{mo| q{i`m~~fio~" ni}o|{fm~" gol }olm{d{gl}g|m

fo~|f|}|fio~ gqqbv |i k}~fom~~ ~neiib~ gol fo gk~monm i` g niccio n{f|m{fio |i nicqg{m

|em~m ngolflg|m~" f| ti}bl kmnicm omg{bv fcqi~~fkbm ì{ g k}~fom~~ ~neiib |i lm|m{cfom

tei ngo li tmbb fo |emf{ CKG q{id{gc/ K}~fom~~ ~neiib~ gb~i tgo| ngolflg|m~ tei g{m

nicì{|gkbm ti{hfod tf|e o}ckm{~ gol ngo |efoh n{f|fngbbv/ Mgne ~mn|fio i` |em DCG\ |i

g d{mg| mu|mo| {m`bmn|~ teg| vi} tfbb li l}{fod vi}{ CKG i{ g`|m{ f|/

@i{ mugcqbm" |em ~mo|monm ni{{mn|fio ~mn|fio tfbb embq vi} t{f|m gol ~qmgh km||m{

Modbf~e8 |em n{f|fngb {mg~iofod ~mn|fio tfbb embq vi} km||m{ gogbv~m ng~m ~|}lfm~ l}{fod

vi} CKG gol |em {mgb bf`m ng~m~ |eg| vi} tfbb `gnm f` vi} ti{h g~ g cgogdmcmo|

nio~}b|go| g`|m{ vi}{ CKG8 |em {mglfod nicq{memo~fio ~mn|fio tfbb embq vi} }olm{~|gol

eit |i cghm ~mo~m i` lmo~m" nicqbmu foì{cg|fio" ~icm|efod tefne vi} tfbb fopg{fgkbv

egpm |i lmgb tf|e temo vi} ti{h io q{ijmn|~ g| |iq nio~}b|fod `f{c~ ~}ne g~ Ki~|io

Nio~}b|fod D{i}q" Kgfo & Ni" Cnhfo~mv & Ni m|n/

G~ go fopm~|cmo| kgohm{ i{ nio~}b|go|" vi} tfbb km {mw}f{ml |i li g bi| i` o}ckm{

n{}onefod" ~icm|efod |eg| |em w}go|f|g|fpm ~mn|fio i` |em DCG\ q{mqg{m~ vi} ì{/ î


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7;

vi} ~mm mpm{v|efod |eg| f~ |m~|ml io |em DCG\ gn|}gbbv embq~ vi} q{mqg{m ì{ |em

iqqi{|}of|fm~ gol negbbmodm~ |eg| vi} tfbb `gnm fo `}|}{m gol |eg|~ tev |em glcf~~fio

niccf||mm~ tgo| qmiqbm tei egpm q{ipml |emf{ nicqm|monv kv lifod tmbb io |em

DCG\/

F~ |em DCG\ g lm|m{cfom{ i` cv ~}nnm~~ fo bf`m gemgl9

I` ni}{~m oi|/ \em DCG\ f~ go mugc tefne lm|m{cfom~ vi}{ gkfbf|v |i ~ibpm q{ikbmc~

}olm{ g dfpmo gci}o| i` |fcm/ Eitmpm{" vi}{ DCG\ ~ni{m lim~o| omnm~~g{fbv

lm|m{cfom eit ~}nnm~~`}b vi} tfbb km io |em q{i`m~~fiogb `{io| fo vi}{ bf`m/ Teg| f| ngo

lm|m{cfom" |ei}de" |i g nm{|gfo mu|mo| f~ eit ~}nnm~~`}b vi} tfbb km fo dm||fod |e{i}de

|em k}~fom~~ ~neiib i` vi}{ neifnm/

\em Qv{gcfl i` ^}nnm~~ io |em DCG\

\i ~}nnmml io |em DCG\" vi} omml |i mo~}{m |eg| |em{m~ g diil cfu i` gbb |em ì}{

nicqiomo|~ gkipm/ Mpmo f` iom nicqiomo| dim~ gcf~~" f| omdg|fpmbv g``mn|~ |em i|em{

nicqiomo|~ fo |em qv{gcfl" cghfod vi} `gbb ~ei{| i` vi}{ digb/ F` vi} bgnh ci|fpg|fio"

ì{ fo~|gonm" vi} tio| km gkbm |i ti{h eg{l gol km nio~f~|mo|/ I{ f` vi} bgnh

nio~f~|monv" |emo mpmo f` vi} ti{h eg{l |itg{l~ |em mol i` vi}{ q{mqg{g|fio" vi}bb oi|

km gkbm |i dgfo g~ c}ne g~ vi} ni}bl egpm" egl vi} kmmo nio~f~|mo|/

Lfl vi} oi|fnm go fo|m{m~|fod k}fblfod kbinh i` |ef~ qv{gcfl # [mbgug|fio/ \ghfod k{mgh~

Ci|fpg|fio

Nio~f~|monv

Eg{lti{h

[mbgug|fio


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7>

l}{fod vi}{ q{mqg{g|fio f~ g~ fcqi{|go| g~ ~|}lvfod/ ^fonm vi}{ nefbleiil" vi}l egpm

emg{l mpm{viom g{i}ol vi} `{ic vi}{ |mgnem{~ |i vi}{ qg{mo|~ # |mbbfod vi} |i ~|}lv

ci{m gol ci{m k}| ì{ |em DCG\ f| ti{h~ g bf||bm lf``m{mo|bv/ F` ~icmiom |mbb~ vi} |eg|

vi} omml |i ~|}lv ì{ 5#71 ei}{~ g lgv ì{ |em DCG\" vi} omml |i j}~| fdoi{m |emf{

glpfnm/ ^|}lvfod ì{ |em DCG\ |em ibl tgv tfbb km oi| i` c}ne embq/ Vi} omml |i |ghm

|fcm i`` `{ic vi}{ q{mqg{g|fio io g nio~f~|mo| kg~f~ gol mo~}{m |eg| vi} li oi|ipm{~|}lv/ [mgl |em \em [fde| gol \em T{iod Tgv |i Q{mqg{m ì{ |em DCG\ bg|m{ fo

|ef~ mkiih |i ~mm eit mugn|bv ~ei}bl vi} ~|}lv ì{ |em DCG\/

Pf~}gbfzfod ^}nnm~~: \em Hmv |i ^|gvfod Ci|fpg|ml

^|gvfod ci|fpg|ml f~ |em kfddm~| q{ikbmc vi}bb `gnm g~ vi} q{mqg{m ì{ |em DCG\/G`|m{ gbb" tei tgo|~ |i ~|}lv W}go| gol Pm{kgb temo |em{m g{m c}ne ci{m fo|m{m~|fod

|efod~ |i li fo bf`m9 G~ vi} ~gt fo |em Qv{gcfl i` ^}nnm~~ gkipm" ~|gvfod ci|fpg|ml f~

n{}nfgb |i cgfo|gfo |em cicmo|}c i` vi}{

q{mqg{g|fio" gol iom i` |em pm{v embq`}b tgv~ |i

hmmq vi}{~mb` qmqqml }q f~ kv pf~}gbfzfod ~}nnm~~/

Hmmq lgvl{mgcfod'

Vm~" qfn|}{m vi}{~mb` ~|}lvfod g| |em ~neiib i` vi}{neifnm/ \efoh gki}| |em {godm i` iqqi{|}of|fm~ |em~m

~neiib~ ngo iqmo ì{ vi}/ \efoh gki}| teg| go fon{mlfkbm muqm{fmonm f| ti}bl km |i km

|g}de| kv ~icm i` |em ci~| tmbb {moitoml |mgnem{~ fo |em ti{bl gol |i egpm ~icm i`

|em k{fde|m~| ~|}lmo|~ `{ic gn{i~~ |em dbikm g~ vi}{ qmm{~/ \efoh gki}| eit fcq{m~~ml

ti}bl qmiqbm km fo vi}{ ~infgb gol q{i`m~~fiogb nf{nbm~ gol |efoh gki}| eit d{mg| f|

ti}bl km |i oi| {mcgfo ~|}nh }q fo vi}{ q{m~mo| jik/

Goi|em{ fo|m{m~|fod tgv |i ~|gv ci|fpg|ml f~ |i {m~mg{ne gki}| ~neiib~ gol nioomn|

tf|e i|em{ ngolflg|m~ io pg{fi}~ iobfom ì{}c~/ \em~m ì{}c~ tfbb di g biod tgv fo

embqfod vi} ~|gv ci|fpg|ml g~ vi} tfbb ~mm i|em{~ bfhm vi} tei g{m gb~i io |em ~gcm

qg|e/

@biil vi}{~mb` tf|e qi~f|fpm |ei}de|~ gol hmmq |em omdg|fpm |ei}de|~ g| kgv/

[mcmckm{ [eiolg K{vom~ `gci}~ kiih \em ^mn{m| fo tefne ~em ~gv~ |eg| |em

cgo|{g |i ~}nnmml fo gov g~qmn| i` vi}{ bf`m f~ |i `biil vi}{~mb` tf|e qi~f|fpm |ei}de|~/

F| ti{h~'

Lfl vi} hoit 9

\em DCG\ Cg|e |m~|~

vi} io efde ~neiib bmpmb

Cg|e nionmq|~/


14/25

7 ei}{~ mpm{v lgv l}{fod |em

tmmhlgv~ gol g{i}ol 5#71 ei}{~ ipm{ tmmhmol~/ \ghm g lgv i`` `{ic |em DCG\ mpm{v

tmmh/ Gb~i mo~}{m |eg| vi} li mgne i` |em |e{mm |efod~ cmo|fioml gkipm/ Ionm vi} ~|g{|

lifod gbb i` |em~m" vi} tfbb gn|}gbbv egpm cglm diil }~m i` vi}{ |fcm gol tfbb ~mm |em{m~}b| io |em gn|}gb DCG\/


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74

ttt/g{f~|i|bmq{mq/nic

Lmk}ohfod Qiq}bg{ DCG\ Cv|e~

.7 \ghfod |em DCG\ ci{m |ego ionm tfbb egcqm{ cv negonm~ i` glcf~~fio/

Oi|efod ni}bl km `g{|em{ `{ic |em |{}|e/ \ghfod |em DCG\ |tfnm lm`fof|mbv lim~ oi| egpm

gov omdg|fpm m``mn| io vi}{ gqqbfng|fio/ \em Glcf~~fio niccf||mm~ }olm{~|gol |eg| vi}

cfde| oi| km tmbb q{mqg{ml |i |ghm |em DCG\ io vi}{ `f{~| g||mcq| i{ vi} cgv oi| egpm

liom tmbb kmng}~m i` ~icm i|em{ {mg~io/ K}~fom~~ ~neiib~ cgv gb~i oi| km c}ne ki|em{ml

mpmo f` vi} |ghm |em DCG\ |e{fnm/ Kmviol |eg|" |emv tfbb lm`fof|mbv `mmb nionm{oml |eg| tev

vi} lfl vi} egpm |i |ghm |em DCG\ ~i cgov |fcm~ gol cgv pfmt c}b|fqbm g||mcq|~

omdg|fpmbv }obm~~ vi} q{ipflm g ~|{iod {mg~io |i j}~|f`v |em c}b|fqbm g||mcq|~/

.; K}~fom~~ ~neiib~ biih iobv g| vi}{ ipm{gbb DCG\ ~ni{mgol g{m oi| c}ne nionm{oml tf|e vi}{ ~ni{m~ io W}go| gol

Pm{kgb/

\iq ~neiib~ tgo| ngolflg|m~ |i egpm kgbgonml ipm{gbb ~ni{m

gol nicqm|f|fpm W}go| gol Pm{kgb ~ni{m~ |ii/ Dmom{gbbv" g

cfofc}c i` 51|e qm{nmo|fbm io ki|e |em W}go|f|g|fpm gol

Pm{kgb ~mn|fio~ f~ teg| vi} ~ei}bl km |g{dm|fod g|" gqg{| `{ic go ipm{gbb nicqm|f|fpm ~ni{m/

.> F` F dm| g 401" |emo cv glcf~~fio |i |em |iq ~neiib~ f~ gbci~| d}g{go|mml/

\ef~ f~ |em kfddm~| cv|e |eg| qbgd}m~ |em DCG\ ti{bl/ \em DCG\ f~ j}~| iom gciod cgov

nicqiomo|~ i` vi}{ gqqbfng|fio8 f| f~o| |em ~fodbm ci~| fcqi{|go| lm|m{cfom{ i` vi}{

glcf~~fio negonm~/ \em i|em{ qg{|~ i` vi}{ gqqbfng|fio" ~}ne g~ vi}{ }olm{d{gl}g|m DQG

gol fo~|f|}|fio" m~~gv~" bm||m{~ i` {mniccmolg|fio" |em w}gbf|v gol w}gbf|v i` ti{h

muqm{fmonm" gol |em }ofw}m w}gbf|fm~ |eg| vi} k{fod |i |em nbg~~ g{m fcqi{|go| lm|m{cfom{~ i`

vi}{ ~}nnm~~ l}{fod |em glcf~~fio q{inm~~/ K}~fom~~ ~neiib~ g{m biihfod ì{ ~cg{|"

nicqm|mo| ngolflg|m~ tei ngo mo{fne nbg~~{iic lf~n}~~fio~ gol ngo km d{iicml `}{|em{ |i

kmnicm bmglm{~ i` |em `}|}{m/ \emv li oi| tgo| ~icmiom tei f~ k{fbbfgo| iobv gnglmcfngbbv8

|emv fo~|mgl tgo| ~icmiom tei eg~ g tmbb {i}olml qm{~iogbf|v/ î f| f~ mo|f{mbv qi~~fkbm

|eg| g ~neiib cfde| |ghm g ngolflg|m tei eg~ g bit DCG\ ~ni{m k}| eg~ egl ~fdof`fngo| bf`m

muqm{fmonm~ gol {mjmn| g ngolflg|m tf|e g ~|mbbg{ DCG\ ~ni{m k}| tf|e go i|em{tf~m kmbit

gpm{gdm q{i`fbm/

.< F omml |i ~|}lv 0#5 ei}{~ mpm{v lgv |i ~ni{m 411( io |em DCG\/

\em DCG\ m~~mo|fgbbv |m~|~ vi} io efde ~neiib cg|e~ gol io vi}{ gkfbf|v |i {mgl" q{inm~~"gol nicq{memol q{i`m~~fiogbbv t{f||mo Modbf~e g| g {g|em{ `g~| qgnm/ î mpmo f` vi} lio|

Lfl vi} hoit 9

\em n}{{mo| gpm{gdm

DCG\ ~ni{m f~ =


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~|}lv g| gbb" vi} cgv ~ni{m tmbb io |em DCG\ f` vi}{ Cg|e gol Modbf~e ~hfbb~ g{m gb{mglv

diil/ Mpmo f` vi} g{m oi| diil g| W}go| gol Pm{kgb" vi} cgv oi| tgo| |i ~|{m|ne vi}{~mb`

|ii c}ne gol ~|}lv g bi|/ %[mgl |em \em t{iod gol |em {fde| tgv |i ~|}lv ì{ |em DCG\

|i hoit tev/ Teg| f~ ci{m fcqi{|go| f~ |eg| vi} q{mqg{m fo g ~v~|mcg|fn tgv/ ^fonm vi}{

q{mqg{g|fio tfbb km ~q{mgl ipm{ ;#> cio|e~" vi} omml |i mo~}{m |eg| vi} lio| ipm{~|}lv/\em km~| ~|}lv ~neml}bm f~ ;#> ei}{~ g lgv io tmmhlgv~ gol 0#5 ei}{~ ipm{ tmmhmol~

ipm{ g > cio|e qm{fil/ Gb~i {mcmckm{ |i ~m| g {m~| lgv g~flm l}{fod |em tmmh fo tefne vi}

ti}bl |ghm g nicqbm|m k{mgh `{ic vi}{ q{mq/

.= F ~ei}bl km gkbm |i w}i|m |em bfhm~ i` êghm~qmg{m & Cfb|io |i li tmbb io |em

Pm{kgb ~mn|fio/

Mpm{ qgfl g||mo|fio |i |em `gn| |eg| |em DCG\ eg~ Pm{kgb gol oi| Modbf~e bf|m{g|}{m g~

|em ogcm i` |em Modbf~e ~mn|fio9 Tm km| vi} ti}bl egpm' \em ogcm f|~mb` # Pm{kgb

[mg~iofod# cghm~ f| nbmg{ teg| |em DCG\ pm{kgb ~mn|fio f~ gbb gki}|/ \em DCG\ lim~o|

muqmn| vi} |i {mgl |em ti{h~ i` êghm~qmg{m gol Cfb|io |i ~ni{m tmbb io Pm{kgb/ \em

DCG\ j}~| tgo|~ |i |m~| vi}{ gkfbf|v |i |efoh" {mg~io" gol cghm lmnf~fio~ }olm{ |fcml

niolf|fio~/ \em DCG\ |m~|~ tem|em{ vi} ngo li tmbb temo vi} g{m q{m~~ml ì{ |fcm/ Fo i}{

muqm{fmonm" ci~| Modbf~e Bf|m{g|}{m d{gl}g|m~ g{m ~}{q{f~fodbv oi| gkbm |i li g~ tmbb io |em

pm{kgb ~mn|fio g~ f~ muqmn|ml `{ic |emc/ \ef~ f~ kmng}~m |em ì}olg|fio i` DCG\ Pm{kgb f~

{mg~iofod" ~icm|efod |eg| f~ oi| |em ìn}~ i` Modbf~e bf|m{g|}{m ni}{~m~/ î f{{m~qmn|fpm i`

vi}{ }olm{d{gl}g|m cgji{" mpm{v ngolflg|m eg~ |i bmg{o |em nionmq|~" qg||m{o~ gol

~|{g|mdfm~ ~qmnf`fn |i |em DCG\ |eg| tfbb embq vi} g{{fpm g| |em go~tm{ fo |em ~ei{|m~|

qi~~fkbm |fcm/

.0 [mglfod nicq{memo~fio ngooi| km fcq{ipml kmng}~m f| f~ g `}on|fio i` eit tmbb

{mgl vi} g{m gol f| f~ fcqi~~fkbm |i fcq{ipm tf|efo ;#> cio|e~/

\ef~ f~ g niccio kmbfm` eg{ki}{ml kv ngolflg|m~ `{ic modfomm{fod kgnhd{i}ol~/ Tefbm f|

lim~ embq f` vi} egpm kmmo g pi{gnfi}~ {mglm{" mpmo f` vi} g{mo| iomvi} ~fcqbv ngo| bm|

|eg| kmnicm go mun}~m ì{ oi| lifod tmbb io {mglfod nicq{memo~fio/ [mglfod

nicq{memo~fio ngo km fcq{ipml |e{i}de fo|mo~fpm q{gn|fnm/ Bmg{o |em km~| ~|{g|mdfm~ |i

{mgl g qg~~gdm" }olm{~|gol |em w}m~|fio |vqm~" q{gn|fnm g bi| i` qg~~gdm~ gol gogbvzm |emc

tmbb" ~|g{| {mglfod efde w}gbf|v cgdgzfom~ gol omt~qgqm{~/ ]~m g c}b|f q{iodml ~|{g|mdv |i

kmnicm diil g| {mglfod nicq{memo~fio gol vi} ~ei}bl km gkbm |i |gnhbm {mglfod

nicq{memo~fio qg~~gdm~ nio`flmo|bv


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.4 Qmiqbm tei ~ni{m tmbb io |em DCG\ lio| egpm lgfbv ~neml}bm~ |eg| g{m emn|fn gol

egpm g d{mg| ti{h#bf`m kgbgonm |eg| bm|~ |emc ìn}~ io |em DCG\/

\ei}de g diil ti{h#bf`m kgbgonm lm`fof|mbv embq~ fo q{mqg{fod tmbb" ci~| i` |em ngolflg|m~

q{ikgkbv egpm g~ emn|fn bfpm~ g~ vi}{~/ F| f~ lf``fn}b| j}ddbfod ti{h" nicc}|fod" qm{ì{cfod

ei}~meibl nei{m~" gol ~|}lvfod k}| |eg|~ tem{m |em negbbmodm bfm~ # vi} egpm |i kgbgonm gbb

i` |em~m fo g tgv ~i |eg| vi} lio| `mmb ipm{tembcml/ @i{ mugcqbm" vi} cgv tgo| |i di

|e{i}de |em nionmq|~ tefbm nicc}|fod i{ vi} cgv tgo| |i tghm }q mg{bv gol ~|}lv ì{ 7#;

ei}{~ fo |em ci{ofod # |em flmg f~ |i n{mg|m g ~|}lv ~neml}bm |eg| km~| ~}f|~ vi}/ Go CKG

q{id{gc g| g |iq ~neiib ngo km pm{v |gufod gol f| {g|em{ cghm~ ~mo~m |i fon}bng|m lf~nfqbfom

fo vi}{ lgfbv ~neml}bm oit f|~mb`/ Fo |em mol" f|~ gbb gki}| i{dgofzfod vi}{~mb` gol vi}{ lgv

km||m{/ F` vi} qbgo vi}{ ~neml}bm tf~mbv tf|ei}| ~|{m~~fod vi}{~mb` |ii c}ne" vi} ~ei}bl km

gkbm |i n{gnh |em mugc tefbm difod gki}| vi}{ bf`m g~ }~}gb/


20/25

;1


@fpm Fon{mlfkbv ]~m`}b \fq~ ì{ |em DCG\

DCG\ W}fnh \fq .7: Tf|e |em gllf|fio i` |em Fo|md{g|ml [mg~iofod ~mn|fio |eg|{mw}f{m~ g diil gci}o| i` nionmo|{g|fio" k}fblfod cmo|gb ~|gcfog eg~ kmnicm gbb |em

ci{m fcqi{|go| io |em DCG\/ Vi} ~ei}bl egpm |em qg|fmonm |i ~f| ì{ ì}{ ei}{~

nio|fo}i}~bv" ~icm|efod |eg| vi} tfbb oi| km }~ml |i/ Gol eit li vi} lmpmbiq |ef~

qg|fmonm gol cmo|gb ~|gcfog9 Kv lifod g pg{fm|v i` |efod~ # ~f| tf|e |em omt~qgqm{ gol

{mgl 4#5 g{|fnbm~ nio|fo}i}~bv8 qfnh }q g |iqfn |eg| vi} lio$| bfhm {mglfod gki}| gol {mgl

f| ì{ egb` go ei}{8 ~|}lv ì{ |em DCG\ fo kbinh~ i` 7 ei}{ tf|ei}| dm||fod }q i{

nemnhfod vi}{ qeiom gol |ghm 5#71 `}bb bmod|e NG\~ kmì{m vi} gn|}gbbv |ghm |em

DCG\/ Lifod gbb |em~m ngo embq vi} kmnicm ci{m qg|fmo| gol ìn}~ml/

DCG\ W}fnh \fq .; :\em gci}o| i` |fcm vi} ~ei}bl ~qmol fo gogbvzfod g k}onei` q{gn|fnm w}m~|fio~ ~ei}bl km |e{fnm |em gci}o| i` |fcm vi} |ghm |i ~ibpm |emc/ @i{

fo~|gonm" f` vi} |ghm 7= cfo}|m~ fo ~ibpfod 71 ^mo|monm Ni{{mn|fio w}m~|fio~" vi} ~ei}bl

~qmol g| bmg~| :Qg{gbbmbf~c m{{i{ f~ |em `f{~| |efod vi} ~ei}bl biih ì{ fo g~mo|monm ni{{mn|fio w}m~|fio/ F` vi} ~mm g bf~| i` f|mc~ i{ go flfic fo g ~mo|monm" negonm~

g{m pm{v diil |eg| |em{m tfbb km go m{{i{ |em{m/

DCG\ W}fnh \fq .< :Fo [mglfod nicq{memo~fio" iom i` |em nbg~~fn tgv~ fo tefne|em |m~| cghm{~ |{v |i |{gq vi} f~ |eg| |emv dfpm qg{|fgbbv ni{{mn| go~tm{~/ Teg| |eg|

cmgo~ f~ |eg| |em `f{~| egb` i` go iq|fio tfbb km ni{{mn| gol vi}$bb kmbfmpm |eg| |ef~ f~ |em

ni{{mn| go~tm{ k}| f| tio$| km kmng}~m |em ~mniol egb` tfbb km t{iod/ î tg|ne i}| ì{

~}ne iq|fio~ gol f` vi} ~mm g biod ~mo|monm" LI OI\ fdoi{m |em ~mniol egb` i` |em

iq|fio/

DCG\ W}fnh \fq .= : G`|m{ |ghfod g q{gn|fnm |m~|" egpm vi} mpm{ ~gfl |i vi}{~mb`+eit |em embb lfl F cghm |ei~m ~fbbv cf~|ghm~9+ Ci~| q{ikgkbv vi} ti}bl egpm' Vi}

cghm ~fbbv cf~|ghm~ ci~|bv kmng}~m i` bgnh i` nionmo|{g|fio gol efde goufm|v bmpmb~

l}{fod |em |m~|/ G w}fnh gol efdebv m``mn|fpm tgv |i bitm{ vi}{ goufm|v bmpmb f~ |i biih

gtgv `{ic |em nicq}|m{ ~n{mmo ì{ g ni}qbm i` ~mniol~" |ghm g lmmq k{mg|e" gol |mbb

vi}{~mb` +[mbgu+/ \em k{mgh eg~ |i km ~ei{|" {i}debv i` =#71 ~mniol~" g`|m{ mpm{v 71#7;

w}m~|fio~/ Vi} tfbb km ~|}ooml |i ~mm eit embq`}b |ef~ |fq tfbb km fo k{fodfod lito |emo}ckm{ i` ~fbbv cf~|ghm~ |eg| vi} cghm/


21/25

;7


Qg{|#FFF: DM\\FOD [MGLV @I[ \EM \M^\ LGV

\E[MM \EFOD^ \I GPIFL KM@I[M \EM \M^\ LGV

TEG\ TEV

Ipm{~|}lvfod fo |em

bg~| `mt lgv~

Q}||fod fo g bi| i` ei}{~ fo |em bg~| `mt lgv~ kmì{m vi}{ DCG\ ngo

q{ipm ni}o|m{q{il}n|fpm/

\mbbfod mpm{viom |eg|

vi} g{m |ghfod |em

DCG\

Lio| di |mbbfod mpm{viom vi} cmm| |eg| vi} egpm vi}{ DCG\ nicfod

}q' \em ci{m qmiqbm vi} |mbb" |em ci{m q{m~~}{m vi}bb km }olm{" fo

m``mn| ~eii|fod }q vi}{ goufm|v bmpmb/

\efohfod |eg| vi}{

DCG\ ~ni{m lm`fom~

vi}

Q{mqg{fod ì{ g ni}qbm i` cio|e~ ngo k}fbl g bi| q{m~~}{m io vi} gol

vi}bb ~|g{| |efohfod |eg| vi}{ DCG\ ~ni{m tfbb cghm vi}{ k{mgh vi}{

negonm~ i` dm||fod |e{i}de k}~fom~~ ~neiib~/ Gpifl ~}ne mu|{mcm

|ei}de|~/

\E[MM \EFOD^ \I LI L][FOD \EM \M^\

TEG\ TEV

Biih gtgv `{ic |em

nicq}|m{ ~n{mmo

g`|m{ mpm{v 71#7;

w}m~|fio~

Embq~ vi} {mbgu/ F~ g efdebv m``mn|fpm tgv |i bitm{ vi}{ goufm|v bmpmb io

|em |m~|

\ghm iq|fiogb k{mgh~ Gb|ei}de |ghfod k{mgh~ l}{fod |em mugc f~ iq|fiogb" tm fo~f~| |eg| vi}

c}~| }|fbfzm |em~m k{mgh~/ G`|m{ bmgpfod |em |m~|fod {iic" ~|{m|ne" mg|"

l{foh i{ li teg|mpm{ f~ omnm~~g{v |i bf`| }q vi}{ ciil gol |i {mbgu

G{{fpm g| |em |m~|

nmo|{m io |fcm

[mcmckm{ |eg| |em DCG\ q{in|i{~ tfbb oi| gbbit vi} |i |ghm |em mugc

f` vi}{m bg|m ì{ vi}{ ~neml}bml ~bi|/ Vi} li oi| tgo| |i cm~~ }q |em

mugc kmng}~m i` |ef~" ~i cghm ~}{m |eg| vi} g{{fpm g| |em |m~| nmo|{m

tmbb kmì{m |fcm


22/25

;;


\E[MM \EFOD^ \I GPIFL IO \EM \M^\

TEG\ TEV

\{v q{mlfn|fod vi}{

~ni{m

Lio| |efoh gki}| eit g{m qm{ì{cfod io |em |m~| kmng}~m |eg| ti}bl

fopg{fgkbv fon{mg~m vi}{ goufm|v bmpmb/ Mpmo ~icmiom tei ~ni{m~ go 511lim~o| hoit l}{fod |em mugc |eg| embb ~ni{m go 511/ Fo `gn|" em f~ |eg|

ìn}~ml io |em mugc |eg| em lim~o| bm| ef~ cfol qbgv dgcm~ bfhm

q{mlfn|fod |em ~ni{m/

^qmol g bi| i` |fcm

io g w}m~|fio

Li oi| ~qmol g bi| i` |fcm io g w}m~|fio/ Gqg{| `{ic |em `gn| |eg| f|

tfbb {}fo vi}{ |fcfod io |em {m~| i` |em w}m~|fio~" |em{m~ g diil negonm

|eg| |em w}m~|fio cgvkm muqm{fcmo|gb/

\efohfod gki}|

q{mpfi}~ w}m~|fio~

Vi}{ cfol tfbb |{v |i |efoh gki}| qg~| q{ikbmc~ gol tem|em{ vi}

g||mcq|ml |em q{mpfi}~ w}m~|fio ni{{mn|bv/ F` vi} `fol vi}{~mb` lifod

|eg|" |mbb vi}{~mb` F ngo| negodm teg| F egpm gb{mglv liom ~i F tfbb

ìn}~ io |em n}{{mo| w}m~|fio iobv/


23/25

;>


Qg{| FP: Eit mugn|bv li |m~| |ghm{~ lf``m{9

]olm{~|golfod |em lf``m{monm gciod 401"411" gol 011 ~ni{m{~

Pm{v i`|mo ngolflg|m~ g~h teg| lim~ f| |ghm |i ~ni{m g 4119 îcmiom tei f~ gb{mglv ~ni{fod

g 411 gol f~ |g{dm|fod go mpmo efdem{ ~ni{m g~h~ teg| em)~em ngo li |i ~mn}{m g 4019

\em `f{~| |efod |i }olm{~|gol f~ |eg| ~icmiom tei ~ni{m~ g 401 io |em DCG\ ti}bl

govtgv km `gf{bv ~|{iod" ki|e g| Pm{kgb gol W}go| mpmo kmì{m ~|g{|fod ef~)em{ q{mqg{g|fio/

Em)~em ti}bl km |em |vqm i` ngolflg|m tei {mgl~ cgdgzfom~ ~}ne g~ \em Mnioicf~| i{

i|em{ efde w}gbf|v ~i}{nm~ {md}bg{bv gol g| |em ~gcm |fcm f~ nicì{|gkbm qbgvfod tf|e

o}ckm{~/

Fo nio|{g~|" ~icmiom tei ~ni{m~ g 011 ti}bl km ~icmiom tei ti}bl }~}gbbv oi| ki|em{

{mglfod omt~qgqm{~ gol cgdgzfom~ gol cgv gb~i oi| km nicì{|gkbm j}ddbfod o}ckm{~/

Eitmpm{" |em{m g{m g bi| i` i|em{ tgv~ fo tefne |em~m ngolflg|m~ lf``m{ gol f` vi} g| bmg~|

dm| fo~fde|~ fo|i teg| |em efde ~ni{m{~ li" |em bmg~| vi} ngo li f~ |{v mc}bg|fod |emf{ ~|}lv

egkf|~/ \e{i}de |ef~ fo|m{m~|fod |gkbm" vi} tfbb ~mm eit mugn|bv li |em |e{mm |vqm~ i`

ngolflg|m~ lf``m{/ Tefne |vqm i` ngolflg|m g{m vi}9

401 ~ni{m{ 411 ~ni{m{ 011 ~ni{m{

^ni{m io |em

lfgdoi~|fn |m~|

%DCG\Q[MQ&

[godm~ km|tmmo 001#411 [godm~ km|tmmo 011#

0#< q{gn|fnm |m~|~ &

~}qm{`fnfgbbv gogbvzm~ |em

|m~|~ ì{ egb` go ei}{


24/25

;

the gmat demystified

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