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The Global Early Warning Systemfor transboundary animal diseases including

major zoonosis (GLEWS)

and Level of achievement – Sept 08

The Global Early Warning and Response System for Transboundary Animal Diseases and Major Zoonoses is a joint FAO, OIE and WHO initiative which combines the strengths of the three organizations to achieve common objectives.

What is GLEWS?

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An early warning system that formally brings together human and veterinary public health systems

to share zoonotic disease outbreak informationto share epidemiological and risk analysisto deliver early warning messages to the international community on areas at risk of TAD.

GLEWS was initiated in 2002Agreement signed in 2006

What is GLEWS?

What is GLEWS?

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Global Information and Early Warning System on Food and Agriculture (GIEWS-FAO)Famine Early Warning System Network (FEWS-FAO)The Global Public Health Intelligence Network (GPHIN) – Health CanadaThe Programme for Monitoring of Emerging Diseases (ProMed)Field FAO officers and Country Partners (projects)

Sources of Information

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Zoonotic Diseases

New World ScrewwormNipah Virus Old World Screwworm Q Fever Rabies Rift Valley Fever* (RVF)TularemiaVenezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis West Nile Virus

New World ScrewwormNipah Virus Old World Screwworm Q Fever Rabies Rift Valley Fever* (RVF)TularemiaVenezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis West Nile Virus

AnthraxBovine Spongiform EncephalopathyBrucellosis (B. melitensis)Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic FeverEbola VirusFood borne diseasesHighly Pathogenic Avian Influenza*Japanese EncephalitisMarburg Hemorrhagic Fever

AnthraxBovine Spongiform EncephalopathyBrucellosis (B. melitensis)Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic FeverEbola VirusFood borne diseasesHighly Pathogenic Avian Influenza*Japanese EncephalitisMarburg Hemorrhagic Fever

Non Zoonotic Diseases

African Swine Fever Classical Swine Fever Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia Foot-and-Mouth Disease*Peste des Petits RuminantsRinderpestSheep Pox*/Goat PoxAfrican Horsesickness

African Swine Fever Classical Swine Fever Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia Foot-and-Mouth Disease*Peste des Petits RuminantsRinderpestSheep Pox*/Goat PoxAfrican Horsesickness

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OIEOIEEarlyEarly

WarningWarningSystemSystem

National

National Authorities

Regional Regional Offices

WHO Country Offices

Regional Representations

OIE Delegates, CVOs

Regional Offices

FAO Country Off

and field operations

Type of data and flow

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Animal

health

surveillance

systems

Media

Lab networks

Human

health

surveillance

systems

Other networks

e.g. trade,

economics

Ind.

cont

act s

, in

clN

GO

s

Types of alert data•Rumor

•Suspected•Confirmed

Type of data and flow

Is the public health impact of the event serious?High morbidity and/or high mortality in humans and/or animals.Emerging disease with significant mortality and/or morbidity or zoonotic potential.

Is the event unusual or unexpected?First occurrence or reoccurrence of a disease/strain.Unusual event for the area or season.Event associated with an unknown agent.

Is there significant risk of international spread?Potential for transboundary spread.

Is there significant risk of international travel or trade restrictions?

What triggers GLEWS?

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Statistics (sept 2007 - August 08) : 336 communications shared among GLEWS partners (monthly mean 34), 82% related to HPAI (9% RVF)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Septem

ber

Octobe

r

Novem

ber

Decem

ber

Janu

ary

Februa

ryMarc

hApri

lMay

June Ju

ly

Augus

t

Num

ber o

f com

mun

icat

ions Total

on HPAI

Current progress: Disease tracking

19%

2%

75%

4%

Africa

America

Asia

Europe

3330

18 2016

32

118 9 9

6

139

11

37

05

1015202530354045

Bangladesh

CambodiaCh ina

Egypt

India

Indonesia Ira

q

Lao PDR

Madaga

scar

Myanmar

Nigeria

Pakistan

Saudi A

rabia

Thailand

Viet Nam

Num

ber o

f com

mun

icat

ions

45%

8%

27%

20%

notification

other

request

surveillance report

GLEWS SOP under developmentconfidentiality provisions (list of diffusions, information sharing from HQ to regional and country offices) HPAI, RVF as priority diseases and increase sharing of other GLEWS diseasesDefine GLEWS performance indicators

Dissemination

Disseminationwww.glews.net

first version (internal) online June 2008

consolidated when the platform will be running

Current progress: Disease tracking

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“Development of GLEWS electronic platform is the priority”Finalization of technical specification document and implementation by June 2008 - First prototype December 2008

Current progress: GLEWS Platform

- Restricted Access (only GLEWS members)

- Event Tracking System included (Action Request until the end of the event)

- Event management: Search, Query, Filter and Basic Descriptive Analysis.

- Performance and Metrics Module

- Dashboard. User Personalisation

- …

animation.exe

Operational outbreak response is responsibility of ARO and CMC-AH

GLEWS Task: Risk mitigation guideline preparation:Identification of gaps and existing standardsPrioritize urgent needsAdditional resources needed

Current progress: Response

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Daily Update for CMC meetings

permanent request for informationCommon outputs : Website, warning messagesAt this stage, no common publications...

Example in FAO (labeled ”Glews team in FAO”)

outputs of GLEWS

3t/week HPAI Updatemonthly Update AIDENew

Disease alert and early warning messages

factual alert messages

outputs of GLEWS

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Disease alert and early warning messagesNumber of OIE Alerts and notification

Number of published Alerts

53 66

110

170

0

50

100

150

200

2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

Num

ber o

f Ale

rts

outputs of GLEWS

Disease alert and early warning messagesNumber of OIE Alerts and notification

Number of published Alerts

53 66

110

170

0

50

100

150

200

2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

Num

ber o

f Ale

rts

outputs of GLEWS

Published Immediate notifications and follow-up repots

0

200

400

600

800

2004 2005 2006 2007

Year

Num

ber o

f rep

orts

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Disease alert and early warning messagesResults of Disease Tracking and Verification Activities in OIE

outputs of GLEWS

71371031402007

6633801132006

362374972005

391867852004

14524292003

181418322002

Official notificatio

nNo replyRepliesNo. of enquiriesYear

Disease alert and early warning messages: Example in WHO

outputs of GLEWS

Sensitive material is posted on IHR secure website available to IHR National Focal points when issue is sensitive and not public.

Also on INFOSAN Emergency secure website available to only members of INFOSAN Emergency

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Holistic Approaches to Pathogen and Disease Understanding

- Farming and Marketing systems- Animal populations and movements- Land use- Socio economic factors - Institutional context and policies- Climate- Natural and man-made disasters

Disease alert and early warning messages

digested analysis/disease intelligenceforecasting messages (collaborating centers network) Example EMPRES Watch in FAO (labeled ”GLEWS team in FAO”)Analysis-modeling-forecasting

Factual

Digested

Forecasting

outputs of GLEWS

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The Global Early Warning System for transboundary animal diseases including

major zoonosis (GLEWS)

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

0 300

kilometers600WANDA

URUNDI

SUDAN

Temenja Yazji 95Thiet 94

TANZANIA

Lafon 98 (Clinical)Lauro 98

UGANDA

Torit 98

Loliondo 97

Moroto 94

Narus 95

Mkomazi 96

Lositeti 97

Engare Nanyuki 97

01

KENYA95

Nairobi Nnal Park 96

Meru

Tsavo East 99Tsavo West 94/95Amboseli 95

ERITREATseada Christian

Asmara 95

Fino 96Warangera 96

Tana River 96

Ijara 95/99

ETHIOPIA

Mehoni 95

DJIBOUTI

Wante 96Elwak 96Hashino 96

Afmadu 98

Confirmed Outbreak

Legend

Prepared by PACE DMU

Belet Weyne 00/01

Trade linkPresumed link

Clearview PositiveAaa 95 = Date & location of outbreak

Antibody Positive (No vaccination)

Tambura 96

∗

SOMALIA

Kajiado 96

Shaded area = estimated areaof epidemic

Recent outbreaks of rinderpest in Eastern Africa (source: PARC & PACE documents)

LINEAGE 1

LINEAGE 2

EXTINCT

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Université Libre de Bruxelles

Belgium France

USA

Animal Health

Service

EMPRES

AGAP AGAL

FAO Collaborators: Asian FocusFAO Collaborators: Asian Focus

New Zealand Australia

Việt NamDepartment of Animal Health

ThailandDepartment of Livestock

Development

PR ChinaMinistry of Agriculture

+ Regional Office

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FMD “Hotspots”

Probability of Outbreaks based on Logistic Regression Model for 2003/4 AI Epidemic

Probability of Outbreaks based on Logistic Regression Model for 2003/4 AI Epidemic

Outbreak probability0-0.10.1-0.20.2-0.30.3-0.40.4-0.50.5-0.60.6-0.7

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GoogleGoogleTMTM

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V Martin, L de Simone, A Le Menach, FAO/EMPRES2006

Figure 12. Commercial movements of live animals in West Africa; workshop report, TCP/RAF/2916

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124

680

162

215

337

72123

121108

53

49

85

97

66

59

246

281

726

380

221

134

8782

177

50

58

190

195

115

84

150

101

Source: GIRA, 2004

Poultry Commercial MovementPoultry Commercial Movement

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Value Chain Mapping of Kampong Chickens and Ducks

Hatchery Farm (Budidaya) Sapronak (Satuan Produksi Ternak) /Livestock Production Unit

Cut Chicken / Duck Eggs

Collector fromOutside Jakarta Province

Collector inJakarta Province

Salty EggsProducers

Traditional Market

Household

TPA (Tempat Pemotongan Ayam) / Chicken Slaughter Place/Point)TPI (Tempat Pemotongan Itik) / Duck Slaughter Place/Point

Chicken Peddler Restaurant SupermarketFood Stall

Collector fromOutside Jakarta Province

Collector inJakarta Province

Bakery

KioskJamu / Traditional Herb Seller

Martabak / Omelet Seller

Kampong chicken

Chicken’s eggs

Duck’s eggs

Duck meat

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GLEWS@fao.orgforward local information on possible TAD events (... even newspaper clippings).Information is extracted and verification carried out through other channels. The originator of the information is protected.

EMPRES-Shipping-Service@fao.orgsubmission of samples for confirmation or agent characterisation to OIE or FAO reference laboratories.

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