the global consequences of our nutritional habits -
DESCRIPTION
The global consequences of our nutritional habits -. The consequences of the worldwide production of 65 billion farm animals per year on the environment and climate, global nutrition, animal welfare and human health – and possible alternatives!. Livestock / Consumption of animal products. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
The global consequences of our nutritional habits
- The consequences of the worldwide production of 65 billion farm animals per year on the environment and
climate, global nutrition, animal welfare and human health – and possible alternatives!
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Livestock / Consumption of animal products
Global consequences – the major 4:
Environment (incl. climate)
Human health
Animal rights and animal welfare
World nutrition / world hunger
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Environment / Climate
Film: Mechanisms of the greenhouse effect – described in simple form: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HxheREfgUGY
Film: Veggie-Day as a first political measure: Already existing in Gent (BE), Bremen (DE), Sao Paolo (BR), San Francisco (US), Washington DC (US), Kapstadt (ZA), Zagreb (HR)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xj80Lfoh2_c
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
World hunger / environment
Meat = lengthened food chain => requires 5-15 times more areas, plants, water etc. to feed humans (Exception: Pure pasture management of ruminants, which on the other hand requires huge areas, causes much of the methane-issues, furthermore only small share of global production).
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
World hunger / environment
Input / Output: 1 out of 7 calories converted to meat, what happens with the rest?
Metabolic losses inevitable (compare humans), Bread example, livestock first of all an efficient production of excrements, meat as „side product“, by far biggest waste of food globally, 1/3 of world harvest (cereals+soya) converted to excrements!
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
« The livestock sector emerges as one of the top two or three most significant contributors to the most serious environmental problems, at every scale from local to global. The findings of this report suggest that it should be a major policy focus when dealing with problems of land degradation, climate change and air pollution, water shortage and water pollution and loss of biodiversity. Livestock’s contribution to environmental problems is on a massive scale and its potential contribution to their solution is equally large. The impact is so significant that it needs to be addressed with urgency. Major redutions in impact could be achieved at reasonable cost »
Livestock’s Long Shadow, FAO 2006
Environment: Climate, water, erosion, land consumption, ...
Land consumption, water consumption, water pollution, rainforest destruction
Climate, loss of biodiversity, soil erosion, air pollution
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
<
According to the FAO, the livestock-sector is responsible for 18% of global greenhouse gas emissions – more than total worldwide traffic
(aeroplanes, cars, trucks, trains, ...): Methane (CH4): digestion of ruminants, …
Nitrous Oxide (N2O): fertilizer, manure, …
Carbon dioxide (CO2): fire clearing of rainforests etc.
Environment: Climate change (1)
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Interdisciplinary Study NL: Worldwide Reduction (definition see paper) of consumption of animal products saves
20 000 000 000 000 US$ (=50%)of climate stabilisation costs (Aim: GHG concentration levels 2050 same as today) - enough to build 130 million one-family houses at the cost of US$ 150 000 each - new houses for whole Europe!
<
Environment: Climate change (2)
Reasons:
1. Saving of the CO2, N2O and CH4-emissions from
livestock,
2. Vastly reduced land consumption, partly regrowing forests, bushes => huge CO2-sink due to regrowing forests
=> climate protection “almost for free”!
Link: http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn16573-eating-less-meat-could-cut-climate-costs.html
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Interdisciplinary Study NL: Worldwide Reduction (definition see paper) of consumption of animal products saves
32 000 000 000 000 US$ (=80%)of climate stabilisation costs (Aim: GHG concentration levels 2050 same as today) - enough to build > 200 million one-family houses at the cost of US$ 150 000 each - new houses for whole Europe, Russia, Australia, Canada!
<
Environment: Climate change (2)
Reasons:
1. Saving of the CO2, N2O and CH4-emissions from
livestock,
2. Vastly reduced land consumption, partly regrowing forests, bushes => huge CO2-sink due to regrowing forests
=> climate protection “almost for free”!
Link: http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn16573-eating-less-meat-could-cut-climate-costs.html
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Fire clearance of rainforestsPastures for cattle
Feed monocultures (85% of global soy harvest as animal feed)
CO2-emissions due to fire clearances
or later: agricultural areas prevent that woods can function as CO2-sink (CO2-“sponge”)
Environment: Rainforest destruction
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Environment: Excrements
Enormous amounts, more than humans produce - no wonder as farm animal population > 25 billion (> 3 times number of humans) and “production” of 65 billion farm animals per year.
Manure – water pollution worldwide
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
# Tierhaltung: 51%, 18%, <5% - was stimmt ??
Warum kommen Studien zur Auswirkung von Tierhaltung / Fleischkonsum aufs Weltklima auf so dramatisch unterschiedliche Ergebnisse?
Worldwatch 51%,
FAO 18%,
einige behaupten < 5%, z.B. für die USA die U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2008) (U.S. EPA. 2008. Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2006. U.S. EPA, Washington, DC. )
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
# Tierhaltung: 51%, 18%, <5% - was stimmt ??
1. Die Methoden (LCA, ökolog. Fußabdruck, ...)– LCA “blind” für Flächenverbrauch, misst nur THG-
Emissionen– Footprint misst alles in Flächen (gha): Flächen die wir
direkt brauchen, und auch Flächen (Wald), die nötig wären/sind, um z.B. unsere THG-Emissionen wieder zu binden und aus der Atmosphäre zu bringen. Tierhaltung hier also durch zwei Faktoren: THG-Emissionen und direkte Flächen (Tierhaltung 80% der landwirtsch. Flächen weltweit)
– “missed carbon sink” durch Flächenverbrauch im Footprint de facto drinnen, in LCAs (noch?) gar nicht
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
# Tierhaltung: 51%, 18%, <5% - was stimmt ??Interdisziplinäre Studie NL: Weltweiter Verzicht auf Tierhaltung spart
32.000.000.000.000 US$ (=80%)an Klimastabilisierungskosten (Ziel: Treibhausgaskonzentration 2050 in etwa so wie heute). Das entspricht > 200 Millionen Einfamilienhäusern zu je 150.000 US$!! Neue Häuser für ganz Europa, Russland, Australien, Kanada!
Gründe:
1. Wegfall der CO2, N2O und CH4-Emissionen aus
Tierhaltung,
2. weitaus geringerer Flächenbedarf, z.T. Wiederbewaldung => riesige CO2-Senke durch
nachwachsende Wälder => Klimaschutz fast zum Nulltarif!
Link: http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn16573-eating-less-meat-could-cut-climate-costs.html
<
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
# Tierhaltung: 51%, 18%, <5% - was stimmt ??
2. Überzählige oder fehlende Faktoren in der Bilanz
– Z.B. Worldwatch rechnet Atmung der Tiere mit (CO2 entsteht), aber nicht CO2-Aufnahme durch die Futtermittel-Pflanzen: Beides bildet aber einen kurzlebigen Kreislauf, ein Nullsummenspiel, entweder ich zähl beides, oder lass es (als Nullsumme) gleich weg aus der Bilanz. Nur eines in die Bilanz aufzunehmen ist falsch.
– Österreichs Landwirtschaft lässt gern die importierten Futtermittel aus der Bilanz raus.
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
# Tierhaltung: 51%, 18%, <5% - was stimmt ??
3. Landänderungen (v.a. Regenwaldbrandrodung/-abholzung) – tendenziöse Zuordnung zu Ursachen
– Ziel: Fleisch kein Klimakiller: „Ursache Landspekulationen o.ä., spätere Nutzung für Futtermittel oder Rinderweiden hat mit Emissionen aus Zerstörung nichts mehr zu tun“
– Ziel: Fleisch ist Klimakiller: „Ursache natürlich Futtermittel und Weideland, auch Landspekulation wäre ohne spätere Nutzung für diese Zwecke nicht möglich“.
– Spielen kann man auch mit weiteren Schräubchen wie dem Zeitraum, über den man diese Emissionen den Produkten anlastet.
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
# Tierhaltung: 51%, 18%, <5% - was stimmt ??
4. GWP-Zeithorizonte– Global Warming Potential
Methan = 72 CO2-Eq. Methan = 25 CO2-Eq.
20 Jahre 100 Jahre
<
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
# Tierhaltung: 51%, 18%, <5% - was stimmt ??
5. “Tierhaltungssysteme der Zukunft effizienter!“ ??– Oft wird argumentiert, je produktiver/hochgezüchteter ein
Tier, umso weniger THG-Emissionen pro Kilogramm Fleisch/Milch/Eier.
– Achtung, viele andere Faktoren: Welternährung („effiziente Nutztiere“ sind Nahrungskonkurrenten, keine Weidetiere), Verknappung der Ackerflächen, Biodiversität, Bodenerosion, Wasserverschmutzung, Tierschutz ... kein gangbarer Weg
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
# Tierhaltung: 51%, 18%, <5% - was stimmt ??
Hauptschraube (deckt 1.-5. ab): Politische Absicht!
Wie groß ist der Klimaeffekt der Tierhaltung weltweit
wirklich? – Diskussion anhand der FAO- und Worldwatch-Zahlen und der 5
Punkte und grobe Einschätzung.
– 1. FAO lässt methodisch „missed carbon sink“ aus: sehr relevant.
– 2. Bilanzfaktoren bei FAO weitgehend korrekt, Worldwatch-Fehler
– 3. Zuordnung Landänderung: FAO bemüht um Objektivität
– 4. Evtl. GWP 50 Jahre, FAO dann moderat zu niedrig (Methan)
– 5. Theoret. FAO zu hoch, aber industrielle Tierhaltung Sackgasse
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
# Tierhaltung: 51%, 18%, <5% - was stimmt ??
In vielen Bereichen Spielräume, kein richtig und falsch
Aber ich schätze es auf:
20 – 30 % des globalen Klimaeffekts
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Planet Earth2013
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
World hunger
Of 7 billion humans 800 000 000 suffer from hunger, among these are 200 000 000 children.
25 000 people die from malnutrition each day.
FAO-Report “Crop Prospects and Food Situation” 2008: 754 million tons of cereals are fed to farm animals each year (with a yield of
1:7 for calorie-conversion this is a loss of calculated 650 million tons of cereals for human nutrition) – soy, etc. not yet included
Compare: Due to biofuel production (2nd biggest problem for loss of calories at croplands) we lose “only” 100 million tons of cereals for human nutrition
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
World hunger
FAO-Report “Crop Prospects and Food Situation” 2008: 754 million tons of cereals are fed to farm animals each year (with a yield
of 1:7 for calorie-conversion this is a loss of calculated 650 million tons of cereals for human nutrition). Soy, etc. not yet included.
Compare: Due to biofuel production (2nd biggest problem for loss of calories at croplands) we lose “only” 100 million tons of cereals for human nutrition.
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
The biomass of all farm animals exceeds the mass of all wild vertebrates on land by a factor of 20!! Source: V. Smil The Earth‘s Biosphere
25 billion alive at a moment65 billion slaughtered per year
World hunger / environment
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Food waste during the production of animal based foodAnimal derived foods: Food chain with 3 (plant animal human) instead of 2 elements (plant human) => inefficient
> 10 plant calories for 1 calorie of beef > 5 plant calories für 1 calorie of pork > 3 plant calories für 1 calorie of poultry
World hunger / environment
1/3 of world harvest (soy + cereals) converted to excrements (with an upward tendency) !!
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
World hunger / environment
Meat = lengthened food chain => requires 5-15 times more areas, plants, water etc. to feed humans (Exception: Pure pasture management of ruminants, which on the other hand requires huge areas, causes much of the methane-issues, furthermore only small share of global production).
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Short food chain plant human could release enormous areas globally: Possibilities to use these:
Regrowing vegetation could absorb huge amounts of CO2 from the atmosphere (see slides earlier, interdisciplinary study NL): Massive contribution to climate stabilisation
Growing of maize for renewable plastic alternatives without causing a global food crisis
Photovoltaics for energy production, maybe even biofuels would make sense again
...
World hunger / environment
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Livestock and the cultivation of feed require:
= almost 80% of total global agricultural land (cropland plus pastures)
= 30% of total land surface of the earth
= 2/3 OF ALL areas used by humans globally
Source: FAO, 2006; Goodland R. et al,1999
World hunger / environment
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
# Fazit…
7 Milliarden Menschen essen 65 Milliarden Tiere pro Jahr
über 65 Milliarden Nutztiere verbrauchen 40% der Getreide- und 85% der Sojaernte weltweit, konvertieren 1/3 der Welternte in Exkremente
dafür werden 80% der landwirtschaftlichen Flächen verwendet
diese Ernten und das Land könnten weit effizienter für direkte menschliche Ernährung verwendet werden
Menschen in den Industrieländern sind übergewichtig und sterben an Zivilisationskrankheiten als Folge dieser Überernährung
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
The future?
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Environment
Average water consumption / kg .…
potatoes 500 litres
wheat 900 litres
soybeans 2 000 litres
beef 15 000 litres
Please interpret these numbers with caution, more details (green, blue, grey water-footprint) beyond the scope of this presentation
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Health: What means ...
vegetarian: No meat, no fish, but milk and dairy products and eggs.
vegan: no animal products at all, i.e. no meat, dairy, eggs, fish, ...
further forms like raw food, macrobiotics, frutarism, ...
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Maybe at least meat is healthy ... ?
Vegan instead of ears!
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Maybe at least meat is healthy ... ?
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Health – take care of Of what should we especially take care of?Especially for vegan/vegetarian diets:
Mix Proteins: Cereals (short of lysine or threonine but good source for methionine), nuts/oat flakes/cacao (much tryptophan) and legumes (rich in all but methionine)
Minerals: Calcium, iron, zinc
Vitamins: Take care of Vit. B12, possibly also D (especially in winter)
Omega-3-fatty acids: Linseed oil (do not heat!) as a good source. Alternative: EPA- und DHA-containing algae supplement (food supplement)
=> Interesting values for blood-tests especially for vegans/vegetarians: Vit. B12 + D + folic acid, calcium, iron+ferritin, zinc, homocysteine, HDL:LDL-quotient
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
And these are especially important advantages again especially for vegan diets:
De facto all worldwide pandemics of the last decades (bird flu, swine flu, EHEC, BSE, ...) and of the future (...,...,...) from intensive livestock farms: Billions of animals packed together, bad housing, bad immune system, ... => without livestock avoidable!
Antibiotic resistance from intensive livestock farms (“factory farming”) would be avoidable
Bacterial food poisoning (salmonellosis, E Coli, etc.) mostly a problem with animal products => avoidable
You get far less of these “evils”: Cholesterol, arachidonic acid, purines, saturated fatty acids, also free radicals/ox.stress, ...
You get more of these “good things”: Vitamin C+E, fibres (whole meal) and phytochemiclas (fruits!, vegetables!, antioxidative effects etc.)
Health – veggies celebrate!
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Health – factory farming Industrial livestock farms can harm humans, think of antibiotic resistance, but also this:
and swine flu ?
and .... ?
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Health – “meat sicknesses” (1)
The (high) consumption of animal products is linked to the following sicknesses:
Cardiovascular diseases (Oxford Studies, 7th Day Adventists study, studies of the ADA, Uni Gießen, Bundesgesundheitsamt Berlin, u.v.m.)
Colon Cancer (American Cancer Society, Univ. Oxford, Univ. San Diego, Krebsforschungszentrum Heidelberg), breast cancer (Harvard Medical School), prostate cancer (PCRM, Washington DC), gastric cancers (EPIC)
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Health – “meat sicknesses” (2)
Osteoporosis (!) (UC San Francisco, USDA-ARS)
Multiple sclerosis (CHRU Grenoble)
Gallstones
Type 2 diabetes
Obesity
Allergies
Rheumatoid Arthritis (UUH Oslo)Links to the papers www.futurefood.org For the world Health
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Ergebnisse der Nationalen
Ernährungsumfrage:
Zu wenig Gemüse
Zu wenig Obst
Zu wenig Ballaststoffe
Zu wenig Flüssigkeit
Zu viel Süßes / Alkohol
Zu viel Fleisch
Aktueller EntwurfGesundheitsvorsorge-Plan
Mehr Gemüse!
Mehr Obst!
Mehr Ballaststoffe!
Mehr trinken!
Weniger Süßes / Alkohol
??
# Gesundheit: in Belgien
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Health – Veggie also for Kids, ..?!
Vegetarian diets with milk (and eggs) are widely accepted: They reduce many – but do not avoid all – problems caused by animal products.
A deliberate vegan diet avoids all disadvantages of animal products and avoids the disadvantages of a non-deliberate vegan diet optimum
For infants:
ADA (the world biggest dietetic association) and others recommend a vegan diet for all stages of the life cycle, others are more sceptical.
Vegan mothers have to be well nourished and should breast feed the child
For small and big children: Pay attention to slide
=> Health – take care of !... and then make use of the benefits!
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Animal welfare
Most mother sows in Europe, China or the US live like that
… and almost all fattening pigs like this
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Animal welfare – “factory farming life”
Before birth: Animals bred with extreme characteristics detrimental to the health for highest egg-, milk- or meat-production.
Immediately after birth:
Male laying-hen chicken gassed or killed otherwise
Dairy calves separated from mothers shortly after birth
Mutilations shortly after birthbeak trimming,
dehorning,
clipping of teeth and tails
castration globally mainly performed without
anaesthesia
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Animal welfare – “factory farming life”
Life
Tiny cages (laying hens, rabbits, quails, mother sows, …)
Tethered: Many dairy cows
Kept densely packed: Fattening pigs, broiler chickens, turkeys, rabbits, ducks, …
Often strong stench (smell)
• Individual :Force feeding (e.g. goose- or duck fatty liver) with 1/5 of the live weight of the ducks and geese per day.
Injured animals left to die from injuries or thirst in cages or outside boxes …
Broiler chicken “runts” die of thirst
Technical failures / fire lead to mass deaths, usually no evacuation possible
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Animal welfare – “factory farming life”
And the end?Transport to slaughterhouses, sometimes half way around the world, (e.g.
sheep or cattle from Australia to Egypt)
Slaughterhouse: Often stunning does not work, and billions are also butchered kosher/halal
without intended stunning
Individuals (pigs, poultry) live until they reach the tanks where they are scalded
Some species are boiled alive (such as lobsters)
Undercover investigations also show abuse and sadism carried out on animals
Compare with golden rule of ethics: „One should not treat others in ways that one would not like to be treated“.
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Animal welfare – “factory farming life”
Films / DocumentariesDocumentaries 10-25 minutes:
Meet your Meat (USA, but in many aspects similar conditions in Europe, too): http://www.meat.org/
Intensive pig farming, focus on Austria (German): http://www.tierrechtsfilme.at/langfilme/schweinehaltung_lucie/lucie.htm
Force feeding of ducks and geese (forbidden in many countries, but imported almost everywhere): http://www.vierpfoten.org/website/output.php?id=1177&idcontent=1909&language=2
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Animal welfare – “factory farming life”
Films / Documentaries95 minutes documentary:
„Earthlings“: http://veg-tv.info/Earthlings
Awarded comic (short) – The Meatrix: http://www.themeatrix.com/
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Animal welfare – “impressions”
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Livestock / consumption of animal products is the biggest ... on earth !!
land consumer
water consumer
water contaminator
contributor to rainforest destruction
food-wasterfood-waster
cause of billionfold suffering of animals
risk factor for food poisonings
risk factor for global pandemics
one of the biggest or the biggest ... on earth!!
factor in loss of biodiversity
cause for soil erosion
risk factor for lifestyle diseases
risk factor for antibiotic resistances
is one of the biggest ... on earth!!
climate killers
air polluter
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
„With each meal the earth is at stake“ If too much meat is a big part of the problems, we should modernise our nutrition as part of the solutions
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
The reasonsEnvironment (climate)
Health
Animal welfare
World nutrition / hunger
www.futurefood.org - alternatives to animals products
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Human reason / ethics ????
Top-products as alternatives to animal products ??
Food shortages (climate?) / concurrency of non-food croplands (plastic alternatives made of maize, biofuels) ??
Antibiotic-resistances from intensive livestock facilities ???
Serious new pandemics from intensive livestock facilities ?
What could lead to a collapse of the „factory farming“ practices?
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Flavour: Taste, aroma, smell, texture, satiety feeling, ...
Price
Marketing, target groups, advertising
Health
Shelf life / hygiene / logistic advantages
Success criteria?
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
“Vegetarian meat”: All raw materials to replace meat“Non dairy milk products”: All raw materials to replace dairy milk, cheese, joghurt etc.“Replace egg products”: All raw materials to replace egg products
www.futurefood.org Alternatives to animal products
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Wheat: Wheat gluten (seitan)Soy: Soya meat (TVP), tofu, tempeh, sprouted soybeansSweet lupinesFresh mushroomsFermented fungi, e.g. QuornAlgae Rice, peas
Vegetarian meat
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Tofurky (Turtle Islands Foods):Oregon, USA
Sausages, roasts and others, based on tofu and wheat gluten, but also tempeh.
Gardein (Garden Protein Int.):British Columbia, Canada
"Chicken"-wings,-filets,-breasts und-stripes, skewers and more,
Based on soy protein and wheat gluten.
Some top brands veget. meat
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Fry’s:South Africa
Huge variety of vegetarian meat alternatives, based on
soy protein and wheat protein.
and many others
Some top brands veget. meat
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Drinks (“milk”), yoghurts, cream, sour cream made from soy, oat, almond, rice, coco, quinoa, millet, spelt, barley, kamut.Often fortified with B2, B12, D2, calcium, A, B6, folic acid, E Ice cream from soy, rice, etc. “Cheese” from soy protein, pea protein, tofu, potato starch, rice starch, soy oil, other plant based fats and oils, nut butter, thickening agents, yeast, but also: tapioca- u. arrowroot flour, rapeseed oil, safflower oil, coconut oil, etc.Desserts, confectionaries, margarine ...
Plant based alternatives to dairy products
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Some top brands for dairy alternatives
Alpro / ProvamelBelgium, but also Germany, UK
European market leader, huge variety, mostly based on soy, to a
lesser extent on rice, almond or oat,
Provamel is the brand for the organic product range
Turtle MountainOregon, USA
„So Delicious” and “Purely Decadent”, ice cream, frozen desserts,
based on soy
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Some top brands for dairy alternatives
ValsoiaItaliy
Drinks, Desserts, ice cream, confectionary based on soy, partly
also rice, also vegetarian meat products (burgers, sausages cutlets, …)
DaiyaCanada
Cheese alternatives, also cooperation with other veggie-food-
producers (e.g. as pizza cheese), unique composition: tapioca-
and arrowroot flour, rapeseed oil, safflower oil, coconut oil, pea protein
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Alternatives to egg products for the industry: About 10 companies in the US, NL, UK and others. Made of gelling and thickening agents (alginate, carrageen, guar flour, locust bean gum, xanthan gum), soy lecithin, potato protein, potato starch, full soy beans, wheat gluten, corn syrup, sometimes also dairy(!) or egg(!!) ingredients see http://www.futurefood.org/eggproducts/index_en.php
Plant based alternatives to egg products
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
At home: “Egg replacers” by Ener-G, Orgran or others (potato-, tapioca starch, CMC, citric acid, calcium carbonate) Or simply use soy flour, baking powder, mineral water, locust bean gum, agar-agar, soaked linseeds, etc.“Vegan fried egg”, “vegan yolk” by “The Vegg”: Yeast flakes, alginates,sulphur salt, β-carotene
Plant based alternatives to egg products
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Biofermenter: Peter Arras / AKT, Germany, take ruminants as model/guide food out of straw, harvest waste, etc. (all this would suddenly also be basis for human nutrition)In Vitro Meat: ”Real” meat without animals, produced out of cells in labs. Technological basic facts: Initial cells, culture medium incl. growth factors, bioreactors, etc. see http://www.futurefood.org/DissertationSchmidinger.pdf, chapt.12
Futuristic approaches
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Some protagonists: Henk Haagsman and Bernard Roelen (NL): Work continuously, search for basic understandingMark Post (NL): Supported by Sergey Brin, presented the first in-vitro-meat burger of the world for 250.000 € in August 2013. Julie Gold (Sweden), US-NGO new-harvest.org and (in earlier times more active) Stig Omholt (Norway, with 1. in-vitro-meat symposium): Networking Gabor a. Andras Forgacs (USA): “Modern Meadow”, 3D-printer, Thiel-FoundationVladimir Mironov and Nick Genovese (USA): PeTA, 3-D-printer, networking, mastermindOron Catts & Ionat Zurr (AUS): Artists from AustraliaWillem van Eelen (NL): Pioneer, cultured meat patent
Futuristic approaches – in vitro meat
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Handouts: e.g. Tofushopping, Link auf die Präsentation, ##
This Präsentation: http://www.futurefood.org/basic_english.ppt
Tips for canteen kitchens:Canteen kitchen project: www.gv-nachhaltig.de/
Regional veggie-gastronomy: ## z.b. Graz Ginko, Mangolds, Rest. Arche ##
Tips:
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestockWe just have this 1 world …
Kurt Schmidinger – www.futurefood.org
Geophysicist & Food Scientist
Global consequences of our nutritional habits & livestock
Dr. Kurt SchmidingerGraduate in Geophysics & Doctor in Food Science
Project Leader www.futurefood.org
Tel. +43 / 676 / 33 22 107