the future of forests in the low-emissions development agenda
TRANSCRIPT
The future of forests in the low-emissions development agendaMarkku Kanninen
Key messages Low-emission development strategies (LEDS) are a key in
integrating climate change mitigation and adaptation with sustainable development
The future of forests in LEDS is linked to three main areas: • Reducing emissions & managing reservoirs and sinks• Building resilience through ecosystem-based adaptation• Supporting renewable energy & low-carbon products
REDD+ activities have generated much information, institutional learning and on-the-ground experience that can provide valuable lessons and lead the way to LEDS
Adaptation: need and expected funding will increase – role of forests in ecosystem-based adaptation
Land-based emissions 1970-2010
During the last 20 years, emissions from land use change and forestry (LUCF) have decreased to their levels in the 1970s
IPCC WG 3, 20143
Emissions from land use change and forestry are decreasing
REDD+ leading the way in reducing land-based emissions in LEDS REDD+ is moving forward and expected to deliver emission
reductions and co-benefits (early action)• 39 countries have included REDD+ in their INDCs• Strong funding support from key donors
REDD+ and LEDs are be synergetic• Same objective: reconciling sustainable development with
environmental outcomes From forests to landscapes• REDD+ can play a key role in broader landscape-level approaches
- E.g. low emissions rural development linked to sustainable supply chain initiatives
• MRV systems developed for REDD+ can be extended to agriculture and other land uses
Broadening the scope of mitigation: linking forests & landscapes to LED’s
Forest ecosystems
Non-forest land use
Harvested wood & residues
Bio-energy
Wood products Su
bstit
ution Fossil fuels
Non-wood products
Atmosphere
Land use sector (AFOLU) – REDD+ and others Energy, products and substitution
Phot
osyn
thes
is
Resp
iratio
n
Defo
rest
ation
Deco
mpo
sition
Com
busti
on
Oxi
datio
n
Com
busti
on
Oxi
datio
n
Modified after IPCC 2007 & Nabuurs et al. 2015
Funding for adaptation is expected to increase in the future
Climate Funding (2013-2014 average)
GCF Funding Target 2020
0 20 40 60 80 100
43.89
50
9.12
50
3.99
0
MitigationAdaptationA+M Combined
Billion USD / year
Funding data: OECD 2015. Climate finance in 2013-14 and the USD 100 billion goal
Building resilience through ecosystem-based adaptation
Forests and trees in• Watersheds• Coastal zones• Dry lands
Forests for • Multiple ecosystem
services• Clean water• Local livelihoods• Adaptation &
mitigation synergies
Elements of future action Bottom-up approach (INDCs)• Wide variety of national circumstances• Periodic reviews of commitments needs monitoring
Developing resilient societies and ecosystems• Adaptation gaining the place it deserves
Boosting renewable energy and bio-based products• Efficient, low-emissions use of biomass
Keeping businesses onboard• Zero-deforestation pledges• Sustainable supply chains, new bio-based products
Linking climate action with wider development goals (MDG’s)• Climate change mitigation and adaptation spearheading
actions to achieve MDG’s
