The French Revolution- The French Revolution was an “offspring” of the Enlighten mentI. Art Imitates Life: French art

was praised throughout all of Europe

- Delacroix: Liberty Leading

French Revolution Cont:-cont: The People -inspired by Enlighten ment principlesA) Class Problems

- The Three Estates: 1. 1st – Clergy 2. 2nd - Nobility

The Three Estates cont: 3. 3rd – Middle Class

and Peasant Class

- The 3rd Estate wanted more rights

B) A Weak Ruler-Louis XVI of France

A Weak Ruler – Louis XVICont:1. Borrowed heavily to pay for wars - helping w/American

Revolution2. Paid little attention to political advisors

King Louis XVI - France

A Weak Ruler – Louis XVI -cont: 3. A wife no one liked

- Marie Antionettea) France despised

herb) Was an Austrian

Hapsburg

QUEEN Marie Antionette

The Bourgeosie – Estates General

II. 3rd Estates Delegates -mostly from the Middle Class - called: Bourgeosie A) Views shaped by

Enlightenment B) Wanted change

A Change in Government?

-The Estates General met separately - The 3rd Estate wanted

them meet as one body; more power - They made up most

of the legislature

A Change in Government? (cont)-cont: - Abbe Sieyes (A 1st

Estate member)- sided with the 3rd Estates Delegates

- suggested a name change: The National

The National Assembly-cont: Assembly (1789) C) The Tennis Court Oath

- The 3rd Estates members were locked out of their chamber 1. Pledged to draw up

a new Constitution

The Tennis Court Oath 2. Louis XVI tries to bargain with the new

National Assembly- the Third Estate

3. Louis XVI also puts Swiss guards in Paris - Didn’t trust French

The Storming of the Bastile!D) The French 3rd class storm the Bastille

- prison for political prisoners (Paris)1. Symbolic Act of

Revolution2. Chaos abounds

Pictures of the Storming July 14th

1789

The Great FearE) The Great Fear:

Rumors began to circulate among peasants that nobles were hiring outlaws to murder them

- Murdered the nobles

The Revolution Begins-cont: The people order the king to Paris

to watch himIII.French Revolution

A) Began with Enlight-enment ideals

B) Radicals take hold

The Jacobins Rule C) The Jacobin Party

take power - a VERY radical sect - 1793: Wanted radical reforms

1. Murdered the monarchs

Execution of the King

The headOf LouisXVI beingShown to The CheeringCrowd

The Declaration of the Rights of ManIV. The Declaration of the

Rights of Man A) Reflected Enlighten-

ment ideals B) Similar to the U.S.

Declaration of Indep.- Created a Constitution

The Reign of TerrorV.The Reign of Terror

- created by the Jacobin PartyA) Leader of the Jacobin Party

- M. Robespierre 1. Had anyone who

disagreed with him

Maximilian Robespierre-cont: executed 2. Even had fellow party

members executed- they began to fear him becoming a dictator

3. Robespierre executed in 1794

Robespierre – Reign of TerrorLeader ofThe radicalPoliticalParty the Jacobins

Reforms Under Robespierre

VI.French Reforms Under Robespierre

A) Church brought under state controlB) Removed all signs

of the monarchy-even from cards

The Rise of NapoleanVII. The Napoleonic Age

A) Rise to power -became a general during the French Revolution: won battles

- he was a war hero

Napoleon – The Young General

YoungNapoleonBonaparte

Napoleon’s VictoriesB) Won Battles For

France-all over the world1. Italy 2. Austria3. Sardinia- had been placed in charge of the military

Napoleon The Emperor C) Peaceful Reign

- by 1802, Europe was at peace - Napoleon focused on rebuilding France 1. Kept many revol-

utionary reforms in place

Peaceful Reign-Napoleon

-cont: a) Signed a concordat

with the Pope-Church regained its importance

b) Crowns himselfemperor: 1804 AD

Napoleon’s Coronation

Napoleon’s Rule c) The Napoleonic Code

- Uniform code of laws - Limited liberty and promoted order and authority

d) Eliminated several injustices

Additional Terms:Lettres de Cachet - CommuneNon-jurying Clergy – DantonTricolor - MaratMarseillaise - Year 1Emigres - Constitution of Year IIIGirondists - oligarchyAssignatsTurgotNecker