The French Revolution

By group 2(the French revolution)IX B group activity

Names Of Students In Group Souradipta Ganguly (gr. Leader) Vriksh Panditpautra Gaurav Nagvekar Tanmay Salunke Paarth Kambley Mansi Mogaveera Sakshi Kedia Deepta Menon

Napoleon Bonaparte

Louis xvi

Robespierre

Jean Jacques Rousseau

John Locke

MontesquieuOlympe- de-Gouges

Topics Important characters Discrimination in estate system. The subsistence crisis. The outbreak of the revolution. Important symbols. France becomes Republic. The three estates. Jacobin club –the rise and the fall.? The reign of terror. The guillotine Effects of French revolution in daily life and literature Timeline

The Subsistence CrisisThe population of France rose from 23 million to 28 million between 1715-1789. This created a great demand for food grains and thus the price of bread rose and prices did not live in equilibrium with the wages and thus the poor could no longer buy bread leading to the formation of a wide rift between the rich and the poor. This lead to a subsistence crisis which became a common phenomenon in France.

The Outbreak Of The Revolution

The Discrimination In The Estate System In France

The clergy comprised of only4-5% of the population in France yet they were exempted from paying taxes and moreover extracted tithes from the peasants.

The nobility comprised of only 6-7% of the population but were exempted from paying taxes too and extracted feudal dues and services from the 3rd estate.

The third estate comprised of- 1.The bourgeoisie 2.City workers 3. peasants

The Formation Of National Assembly

As the taxes were imposed only on the third estate, the poor people suffered and this lead to widespread resentment and anger.

This lead to the formation of the national assembly by the tennis court oath where the people had sworn to end this dictatorship of Louis XIV.

The storming of the

BASTILLE in 1789

As rumours spread that the soldiers were on the brink of destroying ripened crops, the people grouped together and stormed the bastille and freed the prisoners.

Some Important Symbols

Now some symbols will be observed.

The Law TabletThis symbolises that all are equal in the eyes of law.

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Blue White RedThe national colours of France.

The Red Phrygian Cap

This symbolises liberty and is worn by a slave on becoming

free . Women however are not allowed to do so.

Broken Chain

It stands for the act of becoming free.

France Abolishes Monarchy And Becomes A Republic

The Estate System The French society in France was divided into three estates .

The Meeting Of The Estates General And The Rejection

Increasing of taxes was done with the estates general where people voted whether to increase the tax or not but the system included each estate one vote.

Women children and poor were denied entrance to the estates general.

The third estate representatives desired for voting as a whole but was rejected by Louis XVI which led to a lot of resentment and anger.

The Estates General

The Jacobin Reign

The Storming Of The Tuileries

Removal Of Monarchy In France

Jacobin club and the national assembly voted to imprison Louis XVI and his family on coming to know about the secret ally Louis xvi had made to attack his own people.

He and Marie Antoinette were guillotined on the charges of treason.

The Introduction To Reign Of Terror

As the injustices of the monarchy prevailed, political clubs became an important rallying point.

One of the important clubs were that of the Jacobin’s named after the former convent of St. Jacob in Paris.

Their leader was Maximmillan Robespierre.

The Reign Of Terror Maximillian Robespierre followed a policy of severe

control and punishment and those who opposed him such as opposition members and even his own allies were arrested, tried by a revolutionary tribunal and if found guilty were guillotined.

He made a maximum sealing on wages and prices and the peasants were forced to sell their produce at rates fixed by the government.

The people were not allowed to buy any other bread but the plain de’ eaglet(equality bread) and all citizens were started being called “citoyen” and “citoyenne” meaning citizen instead of the traditional “sir” and “Madame.”

The fall of Jacobin club and the formation of the

directory Maximillian Robespierre didn’t even hear to his own

people before his policies. This lead to his imprisonment and guillotining . Therefore this led to the seizure of power by the middle

class who formed the legislature and the directory.

The Guillotine-

An Invention Against

Mankind.

This device was invented by Dr. Guillotine which consisted of two poles and a blade to sheer the head off from criminals or those who were accused of being so.

Effects Of French Revolution In Literature

The age of Wordsworth was an age of revolution in the field of poetry as well as of politics. In both these fields the age had started expressing its impatience of set formulas and traditions, the tyranny of rules and the bondage of convention.

The doctrinaire phase of the French Revolution was dominated by the each thinker Rousseau. His teachings and philosophic doctrines were the germs that brought about an intellectual and literary revolution all over England.

Impact Of The French Revolution In Human Life.

It overthrew the Old Regime and set or reaffirmed France.

It changed the structure of society, rather than simply replacing the existing ruler or even the political regime, and created new ideologies.

The French Revolution also provided the empirical origin of modern theories of revolution, including that of Marx, as well as an important model for subsequent revolutions.

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