THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.

THE REVOLUTION ADVANCES

National Assembly voted to curtail King’s power

King called in troops

Women staged protest

Marched to Versailles

Brought King back to Paris under guard

National Assembly now ruling in name of “nation”

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.

THE REVOLUTION ADVANCES

By end of 1789, all Paris in ferment

Proliferation of clubs & salons

JACOBINS: most radical, take leading role

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.

THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY AT WORK

Tried to resolve fiscal crisis & work out new laws

Targeted Catholic Church for sweeping changes

Attack on church caused popular backlash

Revolution began to lose support from masses

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.

LOUIS XVI’S EFFORTS

Attempted escape from France

But captured & brought back under house arrest

Captors discover anti-constitutional plot

Anti-monarchical forces gain support

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.

THE CONSTITUTION OF 1791

Created limited monarchy with clear separation of powers

Elections based on fairly wide suffrage

Women denied political rights

Civil & political equality extended to Jews

But denied to free Blacks in Caribbean

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.

FOREIGN THREATS

Counter-revolutionary aristocrats enlist Austrian & Prussian support

Louis pressured to declare war on Austria

France’s disorganized army defeated

Anti-monarchical feeling grows

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.

THE SANS-CULOTTES

Ordinary Parisians took matters into their own hands

Arrested king, Aug. 1792

Dissolved Assembly, created NATIONAL CONVENTION

elections based on universal manhood suffrage

established republic

Executed Louis, Jan. 1793

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.

THE TERROR

COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC SAFETY created

Arrested moderate Girondins

Maximilien Robespierre pushes for use of “terror”

LAW OF SUSPECTS passed

Steady stream of arrests, executions began, Oct. 1793

Resulted in over 36,000 deaths

Death of Jean-Paul Marat

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.

REFORMS OF THE NATIONAL CONVENTION

Radical changes

Lowered food prices, extended education, abolished slavery, legalized divorce

LEVEE EN MASSE

Standardized weights & measures, changed calendar

Tried to replace Christianity with Cult of the Supreme Being

Outlawed women’s political participation

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, CONT.

END OF THE TERROR

Robespierre executed so many, lost base of support

French Army defeated Austrians, ends state of emergency

Convention moved against Robespierre & co.

Executed July 28, 1794