The Framework and The Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid Roadmap for Smart Grid

A PresentationA Presentation

by David Sorensenby David Sorensen

of WestCAMP at the of WestCAMP at the September 13September 13thth Meeting Meeting

of PNCECE in Spokaneof PNCECE in Spokane

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Some Background on NIST’s Role in Smart Grid

NIST has been responsible for establishing the Smart Grid Interoperability Standards, including cybersecurity (George Arnold).

NIST (the National Institute of Standards and Technology)has worked closely with DOE (the Department of Energy).

Input has been sought from hundreds of organizations, agencies, universities, etc.

NIST has funded this activity to date.

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Some Background on NIST’s Role in Smart Grid (cont.)

A Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP) is being formed to manage the standards beginning in 2013.

There are about 20 major organizations such as IEEE & NEMA that will be serving on the panel.

SGIP membership will range from ~$500 for individuals to ~25,000 for major corporations.

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Some Background on NIST’s Role in Smart Grid (cont.)

A Smart Grid Interoperability Standards activities have been under way for 3 years .

In January of 2012, release 2.0 of the NIST Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid Interoperability Standards was issued.

The following slides outline some details of the more than 200 page framework and roadmap.

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Office of the National Coordinator for Smart Grid

Interoperability, Engineering Laboratory in

collaboration with Physical Measurement Laboratory

and Information Technology Laboratory

Table of Contents 1. Purpose and Scope ..................................... 14 2. Smart Grid Visions ...................................... 27 3. Conceptual Architectural Framework .............. 38 4. Standards Identified for Implementation ......... 60 5. Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP)........ 142 6. Cybersecurity Strategy................................ 167 7. Framework for Smart Grid Interoperability Testing and Certification............................................. 177

8. Next Steps ............................................... 192

9. Appendix: List of Acronyms ........................ 199 10. Appendix: Specific Domain Diagrams .......... 208

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Anticipated Smart Grid Benefits

A modernized national electrical grid:Improves power reliability and quality Optimizes facility utilization and averts construction of backup (peak load) power plants Enhances capacity and efficiency of existing electric power networks Improves resilience to disruption Enables predictive maintenance and “self-healing” responses to system disturbances Facilitates expanded deployment of renewable energy sources Accommodates distributed power sources

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Anticipated Smart Grid Benefits (cont.)

Automates maintenance and operation Reduces greenhouse gas emissions by enabling electric vehicles and new power sources Reduces oil consumption by reducing the need for inefficient generation during peak usage periods Presents opportunities to improve grid security Enables transition to plug-in electric vehicles and new energy storage options Increases consumer choice Enables new products, services, and markets and consumer access to them

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DOE Smart Grid Investment Grants, 2009

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Driver Layer Description

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Figure 3-1. Interaction of Actors in Different

Smart Grid Domains through Secure Communication

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For Release 2.0, a standard, specification, or guideline is

evaluated on whether it:

• Is well-established and widely acknowledged as important to

the Smart Grid.

• Is an open, stable, and mature industry-level standard

developed in a consensus process from a standards development

organization (SDO).

• Enables the transition of the legacy power grid to the

Smart Grid.

• Has, or is expected to have, significant implementations,

adoption, and use.

• Is supported by an SDO or standards- or specification-

setting organization (SSO) such as a users group to ensure

that it is regularly revised and improved to meet changing

requirements and that there is a strategy for continued

relevance.

• Is developed and adopted internationally, wherever

practical.

• Is integrated and harmonized, or there is a plan to

integrate and harmonize it with complementing standards

across the utility enterprise through the use of an industry

architecture that documents key points of interoperability

and interfaces.

Guiding Principles for Identifying Standards for

Implementation

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• Enables one or more of the framework characteristics as

defined by EISA or enables one or more of the six chief

characteristics of the envisioned Smart Grid.

• Addresses, or is likely to address, anticipated Smart Grid

requirements identified through the NIST workshops and other

stakeholder engagement.

• Is applicable to one of the priority areas identified by

FERC and NIST:

o Demand Response and Consumer Energy Efficiency; o

Wide Area Situational Awareness;

o Electric Storage;

o Electric Transportation;

o Advanced Metering Infrastructure; o Distribution

Grid Management;

o Cybersecurity; and

o Network Communications.

Guiding Principles for Identifying Standards for

Implementation

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Focuses on the semantic understanding layer of the GWAC

stack,* which has been identified as most critical to Smart

Grid interoperability.

• Is openly available under fair, reasonable, and non-

discriminatory terms.

• Has associated conformance tests or a strategy for achieving

them.

• Accommodates legacy implementations.

• Allows for additional functionality and innovation through:

o Symmetry – facilitates bidirectional flows of energy

and information.

o Transparency – supports a transparent and auditable

chain of transactions.

o Composition – facilitates building of complex

interfaces from simpler ones.

o Extensibility – enables adding new functions or

modifying existing ones.

o Loose coupling – helps to create a flexible platform

that can support valid bilatera land multilateral

transactions without elaborate prearrangement.**

o Layered systems – separates functions, with each

layer providing services to the layer above and

receiving services from the layer below.

o Shallow integration – does not require detailed

mutual information to interact with other managed or

configured components.

Smart Grid Interoperability PanelSmart Grid Interoperability PanelPriority Action PlanPriority Action Plan

00 Meter Upgradeability StandardMeter Upgradeability Standard 11 Role of IP in the Smart GridRole of IP in the Smart Grid 22 Wireless Communications for the Smart GridWireless Communications for the Smart Grid 33 Common Price Communication ModelCommon Price Communication Model 44 Common Schedule Communication MechanismCommon Schedule Communication Mechanism 55 Standard Meter Data ProfilesStandard Meter Data Profiles 66 Common Semantic Model for Meter Data TablesCommon Semantic Model for Meter Data Tables 77 Electric Storage Interconnection GuidelinesElectric Storage Interconnection Guidelines

88 CIM for Distribution Grid ManagementCIM for Distribution Grid Management 99 Standard DR and DER SignalsStandard DR and DER Signals 1010 Standard Energy Usage InformationStandard Energy Usage Information

Smart Grid Interoperability PanelSmart Grid Interoperability PanelPriority Action Plan (cont.)Priority Action Plan (cont.)

11Common Object Models for Electric Transportation 1212 Mapping IEEE 1815 (DNP3) to IEC 61850 Objects 13

Harmonization of IEEE C37.118 with IEC 61850 and Precision Time Synchronization

14 Transmission and Distribution Power Systems Model Mapping

1515 Harmonize Power Line Carrier Standards for Harmonize Power Line Carrier Standards for Appliance Communications in the HomeAppliance Communications in the Home

1616 Wind Plant CommunicationsWind Plant Communications 1717 Facility Smart Grid Information StandardFacility Smart Grid Information Standard 1818 Smart Energy (SEP) Profile 1.X to 2.0 Smart Energy (SEP) Profile 1.X to 2.0

TransitionTransition 1919 Wholesale Demand Response (DR) Communication Wholesale Demand Response (DR) Communication

ProtocolProtocol 2020 Green Button Energy Service Provider (ESPI) Green Button Energy Service Provider (ESPI)

EvolutionEvolution

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2020

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To date, the Standards subgroup has produced detailed reports that contain analysis and recommendations for improvements in the following standards:

Association of Edison Illuminating Companies (AEIC) Metering Guidelines; American National Standards Institute (ANSI) C12.1: American National Standard for Electric Meters Code for Electricity Metering; ANSI C12.18: : American National Standard Protocol Specification for ANSI Type 2 Optical Port; ANSI C12.19: American National Standard For Utility Industry End Device Data Tables; ANSI C12.21: American National Standard Protocol Specification for Telephone Modem Communication; ANSI C12.22: American National Standard Protocol Specification For Interfacing to Data Communication Networks; International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 60870-6/ Telecontrol Application Service

Element (TASE).2/  

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Inter-Control Centre Communications Protocol (ICCP): Control Center to Control Center Information Exchanges; IEC 61850: Communications Networks and Systems for Power Utility Automation; IEC 61968: Common Information Model (CIM) and Messaging Interfaces for Distribution Management; IEC 61970: Energy Management System Application Program Interface (EMS-API) (also referred to as the “Common Information Model for Wires Models”); IEC 62351: Power Systems Management and Associated Information Exchange - Data and Communications Security, Parts 1 through 7; North American Energy Standards Board (NAESB) Energy Usage Information; National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) Upgradeability Standard (NEMA SG AMI 1-2009);

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Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS) Web Services (WS)-Calendar; Role of Internet Protocol Suite (IPS) in the Smart Grid, an Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)-proposed document; SAE J1772-TM: Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE Electric Vehicle and Plug in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Conductive Charge Coupler; SAE J2847/1: Communication between Plug-in Vehicles and the Utility Grid; SAE J2836/1: Use Cases for Communication between Plug-in Vehicles and the Utility Grid; Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) C37.238/D5.7, Draft Standard Profile for Use of IEEE Std. 1588 Precision Time Protocol in Power System Applications; International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61850-90-5, Use of IEC 61850 to Transmit Synchrophasor Information According to IEEE C37.118; and IEEE 1588, IEEE Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization Protocol for Networked Measurement and Control Systems.

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Figure 3-1. Interaction of Actors in Different

Smart Grid Domains through Secure Communication

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The Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP) Governing Board voted on July 10, 2012 to support the new business sustainment plan for the SGIP. The plan outlines the SGIP's transition to a self-sustaining not-for-

profit legal entity that will continue its partnership with the government, a move that NIST envisioned when it

established the SGIP in 2009.

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The decision represents a major milestone in the implementation of the

Smart Grid Interoperability

Framework coordinated by NIST in carrying out its responsibilities under the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007.

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"NIST supports the plan and commends the SGIP and its leadership in taking

this important step forward," said George Arnold, the National

Coordinator for Smart Grid Interoperability. "NIST intends to continue undiminished its

engagement in the SGIP at both technical and leadership levels."

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Figure 3-1. Interaction of Actors in Different

Smart Grid Domains through Secure Communication

The FutureThe FutureThe Smart Grid Program is not a 1 or 2 The Smart Grid Program is not a 1 or 2

year activity. It will take 20 or 30 years year activity. It will take 20 or 30 years to fully mature. As it gets implemented, we to fully mature. As it gets implemented, we will realize new and better way to accomplish will realize new and better way to accomplish its objectives and there will continue to be its objectives and there will continue to be significant improvement in tools, significant improvement in tools, technologies and methods. technologies and methods.

We need to consider seriously what part We need to consider seriously what part we want to play. What are our specific we want to play. What are our specific strengths and weaknesses? What can we do strengths and weaknesses? What can we do better than many others? What are some better than many others? What are some unique needs of the program that we can unique needs of the program that we can specifically address? Now is the time to specifically address? Now is the time to plan for our future participation in the plan for our future participation in the Smart Grid Progarm.Smart Grid Progarm. 3838

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The EndThe End

I meanI mean……

The Beginning!The Beginning!