the fabulous fifties and the turbulent sixties
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The Fabulous Fifties and The TurBULent Sixties. Social and Political Events. Terms. Fifties. Sixties. G.I. Bill Baby boom Brown v. Board Civil Rights Rock and Roll Sputnik. New Frontier Cuban Missile Crisis Gulf of Tonkin Resolution Great Society Counterculture NASA. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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THE FABULOUS FIFTIES AND THE TURBULENT SIXTIESSocial and Political Events
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Terms
1. G.I. Bill2. Baby boom3. Brown v. Board4. Civil Rights5. Rock and Roll6. Sputnik
1. New Frontier2. Cuban Missile Crisis3. Gulf of Tonkin
Resolution4. Great Society5. Counterculture6. NASA
Fifties Sixties
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The Cold War
The Korean Conflict Red Scare and
McCarthyism Suez Crisis Rise of Castro in Cuba Presidents Truman
and Eisenhower
Vietnam War Vienna Conference Berlin Wall Cuban Missile Crisis Political Assassinations Presidents Eisenhower,
Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon
1950s 1960s
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Asia: The Domino Theory and Containment of Communism
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Korean War Vietnam War
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Map Directions—see atlas
Label the two Koreas and their capitals
Draw and label China, the Yalu River, Sea of Japan and Yellow Sea
Draw and label the 38th parallel
Draw and label the Demilitarized Zone or DMZ
Make a key and indicate Communist North (red)and Democratic South (brown)
Label the two parts of Vietnam with capitals, Laos, Cambodia, and Gulf of Tonkin
Draw and label the 17th parallel and DMZ
Draw and label the Ho Chi Minh Trail in red
Make a key and indicate communist (green)and non-communist areas (gold) before 1975
Korea—page 100-101 Vietnam—page 108-109
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Compare and Contrast the Korean War and the Vietnam War—5 details for
each circle
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Casualties (2012) (for spending, see costofwar.com)
Fatalities: 4486Total for both: 7442
Wounded: 31,454Total for both: 34,826
Total Casualties: 42, 568
Fatalities: 2956
Wounded: 3372
The federal budget allotted 24% for military spending
Iraq Afghanistan
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50s Topics
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Fifties Quotes—Match the speaker
“Old soldiers never die, they just fade away”
“…our little dog, Checkers…”
“I will go to Korea” “An iron curtain has
descended…” “There are communists
working in the government.”
Richard Nixon
Winston Churchill
Joseph McCarthy
Douglas MacArthur
Dwight D. Eisenhower
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Fifties Presidents
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APUSH
Post-war Tensions, United Nations, Truman Doctrine, Berlin Airlift, Cold War
Fair Deal—Democratic President with a Republican Congress
22nd Amendment Passed in 1947
Taft-Hartley Act—limited union power
Election of 1948—Truman, Dewey (Repub), Thurmond (Dixiecrat), Wallace (Progressive)—False Headline, “Dewey Defeats Truman”
GI Bill of Rights, Baby Boom ,Suburban Growth and Rise of Sunbelt States—conformity and comfort
Korean War and desegregation of the armed forces
Election of 1952 over Dem. Adlai Stevenson Vice-President Richard Nixon (Checkers
Speech) Ike went to Korea and resolved conflict Modern Republicanism Prosperity and suburban life Interstate Highway System Covert actions abroad (Iran and Venezuela) Independence movements in Africa and Asia
of former colonies Suez Crisis—Eisenhower Doctrine OPEC oil alliance and Arab nationalism Spirit of Geneva and Khruschev Hungarian Revolt Sputnik Berlin Crisis and Camp David Meeting U2 Incident Communism and Rise of Castro in Cuba Ike’s warning about military industrial
complex
Truman Years: 1945-1953 Eisenhower Years: 1953-1961
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Fifties ConformityAlexis de Tocqueville, a French political
scientist, wrote in 1832: “I know of no country in which there is so
little independence of mind as in America.”
Explain why social critics in the 1950’s probably would have agreed with de Tocqueville’s criticism.
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Conformity Suburban living—see Levittown
“The American Dream”
Backyard patios replaced front porches
Anonymity—air conditioning, garages, lawns, fences
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“Little Boxes”—song by M. Reynolds Little boxes on the hillside,
Little boxes made of ticky tacky,1
Little boxes on the hillside,Little boxes all the same.There's a green one and a pink one And a blue one and a yellow one,And they're all made out of ticky tackyAnd they all look just the same.
And the people in the housesAll went to the university,Where they were put in boxesAnd they came out all the same,And there's doctors and lawyers,And business executives,And they're all made out of ticky tackyAnd they all look just the same.
And they all play on the golf courseAnd drink their martinis dry,And they all have pretty childrenAnd the children go to school,And the children go to summer campAnd then to the university,Where they are put in boxesAnd they come out all the same.
And the boys go into businessAnd marry and raise a familyIn boxes made of ticky tacky And they all look just the same.There's a green one and a pink oneAnd a blue one and a yellow one,And they're all made out of ticky tackyAnd they all look just the same.
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Conformity… Conservative Clothes Conservative Politics
(“We like Ike”) Consumerism—
“Keeping up with the Jones”—credit
Growth of corporate America and “white collar” jobs
Segregation
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Conformity Baby Boom and Dr. Spock’s ideas of raising
children Automobile—drive-ins, freeways, burger
joints Television (c. 1948)—united the American
experience TV was called “a vast “wasteland” Game shows—scandal Congressional Hearings on Communism in U.S.
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McCarthyism: 1950-56
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The Drive In Movie
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Women Middle class married
women were housewives and full-time mothers
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The Baby Boom
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50s TV Highlights Nixon’s Checkers
Speech Evening News Milton Berle Show “I Love Lucy” “Howdy Doody” Mickey Mouse Club
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Father Knows Best Leave it to Beaver
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Fifties social themes…
Conformity
(most significant)
Non-Conformity
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50s Examples of Non-Conformity
Pill Culture Rock and Roll The Beats Coffee houses Beatniks Movies Books and poetry Juvenile Delinquents Art Architecture
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Beatniks
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Method Actors
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Abstract Expressionism
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The Guggenheim Museum
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Social Themes of 50s and 60s
Overall perception of conformity Suburbia Consumerism Segregation with efforts toward de-
segregation
Conservative Clothes Pills/Pharmaceutical Companies Kinsey
Beatniks
Religion—most Americans went to church—added “Under God” to pledge
Overall perception of non-conformity
“California Dreaming” More consumerism More integration and beginning of
busing
“Mod” Drugs Sexual Revolution “Summer of
Love”
Hippies
Less religious—Vatican II brought changes for Catholics
1950s 1960s
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Politics
Truman Nixon’s “Checkers
Speech” “We Like Ike”—
Eisenhower Republican majorities McCarthyism Traditional Values Civil Rights controversies Concerns about Juvenile
Delinquents
Election of 1960 JFK— “High Hopes” Goldwater— “In your heart, you know
he’s right” “All the way with LBJ” Democratic majorities Civil Rights and Vietnam
controversies Baby Boomers and youth-oriented
politics Democratic Convention of 1968 Election of Nixon (Republican) “The Silent Majority” Urban riots The personal became political and
the political became personal
1950s 1960s
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60s Non-Conformity—overall theme
Hard Rock Drug Culture Flower Children Hippies Black Panthers Nation of Islam Draft dodgers See counter-cultures Examples of conformity
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Election of 1960
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President John F. Kennedy, 1961-1963
Election of 1960– “High Hopes” The Kennedys Jackie and kids Robert F. Kennedy The New Frontier
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Quotes http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DqGOquw2K_U
“Do not pray for easy lives. Pray to be stronger men.”
“The torch has been passed to a new generation.”
“Ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country.”
“By the end of this decade, we shall go to the moon.”
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Bay of Pigs Peace Corps NASA—Mercury Astronauts Vienna Conference Berlin Wall “Ich bin ein Berliner” Cuban Missile Crisis Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
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November 22, 1963 Love Field Lee Harvey Oswald Texas School Book Depository The Grassy Knoll Parkland Hospital Jack Ruby Warren Commission “Camelot”
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Sentimental Memories…“Don’t let it be forgot,
that once there was a spot, for one brief shining moment that was known as Camelot.”
(from the Broadway show, Camelot—as quoted by Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy when reminiscing about her husband’s presidency)
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“Every person can make a difference and every person should try.” JFK
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LBJ Finished JFK’s term Pushed for Civil Rights Act Ran against conservative Senator Barry
Goldwater in 1964(“Extremism in the cause of virtue is no vice…”)(“In your heart, you know he’s right.”) The Daisy Commercial led to a landslide
victory for Johnson
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President Lyndon Johnson, 1963-1969
The Great Society War on Poverty Medicare Medicaid Head Start Civil Rights Act of 1964 Voting Rights Act of 1965 Vietnam War—Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, 1964 A liberal Warren Court Department of Housing and Urban
Development
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Political Assassinations Medgar Evers, 1963 John F. Kennedy, 1963 Malcolm X, 1965 Martin Luther King, 1968 Robert F. Kennedy, 1968 (note: Obama used RFK’s old desk in the Senate)
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Match up the Sixties Quotes“Do your own thing”
The Generation Gap
“Make love not war”
Turn on, tune in, drop out…
“What we have here, is a failure to communicate”
“One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind”
“The eagle has landed.”
“We are mired in a stalemate.”
Hippie philosophy
More hippie philosophy
Druggie philosophy of Timothy Leary
Quote from Cool Hand Luke—a film about non-conformity
Neil Armstrong, the first man on the moon—Apollo 11
Commentary on Apollo 11
CBS anchorman Walter Cronkite’s commentary on The Vietnam War in 1968
Problem between parents and kids
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Kent State—1970 Anti-war protest on
college campus turned violent when students burned down the ROTC Building
The Governor asked President Nixon to send the National Guard
Accidental shooting occurred leading to the death of four students
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Test Review: Matching, Multiple Choice, Essay
G.I. Bill Baby Boom Cold War Civil Rights Rock and Roll Sputnik Korean War Truman and Eisenhower The Beats Abstract Expressionism Conformity
New Frontier Great Society Cuban Missile Crisis Gulf of Tonkin Resolution Vietnam War Warren Court Counterculture NASA Rachel Carson Ralph Nader Betty Friedan Bob Dylan Goldwater
Fifties Sixties