THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH:THE FEDERAL BUREAUCRACY

Government Bureau, 1956 George Tooker

The Growth of the Executive Branch

• The Constitution created the offices of President and Vice President

• A Cabinet was Alluded to• AND, that’s it!• The first Cabinet Department was formed in

1789 • Can you guess the earliest Departments?• The EOP was only created in 1939 under FDR

The President is the Leader of the Country and the Executive Branch

• Barack Obama is the 44th President of the United States.

A President’s Many Hats

Vice President

• Vice President Joe Biden• Former Senator• Ran against Obama During primary race!

Get to Know Joe

First Lady Michelle Obama

• The First Lady isAlso a Successful Attorney!• The Obama’s haveTwo Daughters, Sasha and Malia

During a reading of Dr. Seuss's 'Cat in the Hat' Mrs. Michelle Obama and 5-year-olds at the Prager Child Development Center at Ft. Bragg, N.C., enjoy each other's company during the First Lady's first visit outside the

Washington, D.C., metropolitan area on Thursday, March 12, 2009. March 19, 2009. (Official White House Photo by Joyce N. Boghosian)

First Lady Michelle Obama makes a surprise visit to the Iron Mike Dining Facility at Ft. Bragg and greets military personnel Thursday, March 12, 2009. March 19, 2009.

(Official White House Photo by Joyce N. Boghosian)

Obama’s Cabinet

History of the Cabinet

• The tradition of the Cabinet dates back to the beginnings of the Presidency itself. Established in Article II, Section 2, of the Constitution, the Cabinet's role is to advise the President on any subject he may require relating to the duties of each member's respective office.

The President’s Cabinet

• The Cabinet includes the Vice President and the heads of 15 executive departments — the Secretaries of Agriculture, Commerce, Defense, Education, Energy, Health and Human Services, Homeland Security, Housing and Urban Development, Interior, Labor, State, Transportation, Treasury, and Veterans Affairs, as well as the Attorney General.

Inside the Cabinet

Obama’s KEY Cabinet Members

BUREAUCRACY

• A system of organization and control that is based on three principles

• 1. Hierarchy• 2. Job Specialization• 3. Formalized Rules• This is why bureaucracy, as a form of

organization, is the most efficient means of getting people to work together.

“Bureaucracy” as a Dirty Word

• There can be • Waste• Mindless Rules• Rigidity• And lots ofRED TAPE

Ha Ha Hierarchy

Executive Office of the President

• Every day, the President of the United States is faced with scores of decisions, each with important consequences for America’s future.

• To provide the President with the support that he or she needs to govern effectively, the Executive Office of the President (EOP) was created in 1939 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

• The EOP has responsibility for tasks ranging from communicating the President’s message to the American people to promoting our trade interests abroad.

The following entities exist within the Executive Office of the President:

• * Council of Economic Advisers• * Council on Environmental Quality• * Domestic Policy Council• * National Economic Council• * National Security Council• * Office of Administration• * Office of Management and Budget• * Office of National Drug Control Policy• * Office of Science and Technology Policy• * Office of the United States Trade Representative• * President's Economic Recovery Advisory Board• * President's Intelligence Advisory Board and Intelligence Oversight Board• * White House Military Office• * White House Office

The Closest People to the President:The White House Staff

• Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel• Press Secretary Robert Gibbs• Deputy Chief of Staff Jim Messina• Deputy Chief of Staff Mona Sutphen• Senior Advisor David Axelrod• Senior Advisor Valerie Jarrett• Senior Advisor Peter Rouse

White House Press Secretary Briefing

Feb. 11, 2009: As Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel talks on his cell phone, the President closes his eyes just as Congress works to resolve the discrepancies between House and Senate versions of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. February 11, 2009. (Official White House Photo by Pete Souza)

Feb. 4, 2009 “The President talks with aides during an impromptu meeting around the Resolute desk.”

April 15, 2009 “Deputy chief of staff Mona Sutphen jokingly offers a piece of birthday cake to senior advisor David Axelrod as the President watches amusingly.

The party was held to commemorate senior advisor Pete Rouse’s birthday.”

Jan. 23, 2009: The President meets with Congressional Democratic leaders in the Oval Office. January 23, 2009. (Official White House Photo by Pete Souza)

• Obama DUNKS Senior Advisers

Independent Agencies

• Like Cabinet Departments, but with a narrower area of responsibility

• 100s of these• Employ about 3 million civilians• CIA and NASA are examples

Regulatory Agencies

• Monitor and Regulate Economic Activity• Examples: Securities and Exchange

Commission (SEC) – oversees the stock and bond markets

• Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) – monitors and prevents industrial pollution

Government Corporations

• Like a private corporation in that they sell products, but the federal government helps fund them to defray costs

• Examples: US Postal Service• Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

Presidential Commissions

• Some are permanent, others provide advice temporarily to the president

• Example: Civil Rights Commission

Feb. 4, 2009: Sen. Susan Collins (R-ME) meets with the President in the Oval Office. Collins was one of three Republican Senators who eventually voted

for the stimulus bill. February 4, 2009. (Official White House Photo by Pete Souza)