the eu egg industry in transition - arya-dan-roshd.ir · 3.0% 2010 26.1% 56.1% 13.6% 4.2% 2015...

Science and Information Centre for Sustainable Poultry Production – WING www.wing-vechta.de 1

The EU egg industry in transition

Prof. Dr. Hans-Wilhelm WindhorstIEC Statistical Analyst

Paper presented at the Economics Committee Session

IEC Business Conference

Monaco, April 4th, 2017


The main goals of this presentation are:

• to analyse the dynamics of the laying hen inventories and of egg production between 2010 and 2015 in the EU member countries,

• to document the spatial shifts in egg production and egg trade between 2010 and 2015,

• to analyse the impacts of Directive 1999/74/EU on then laying hen inventories, egg production and egg trade in Germany, Spain and Poland,

• to discuss present challenges for the egg industry in the EU member countries and to present perspectives considering these challenges.


1.

Some basic facts


EU member countries and their population (2015)


In 2015:

• With 507 mill. inhabitants, the EU shared 6.8 % in the global population.

• With a GNP of 16.5 billion US-$, the EU contributed21.8 % to the global GNP.

• EU member countries contributed 10.3 % to globalegg production.

• EU member countries shared 11.7 % in globalpoultry meat production.


2.

Dynamics in the EU laying hen inventory


Development of the EU laying hen inventory between 2010 and 2015

Year Laying hens(1,000)

Index(2010 = 100)

201020112012201320142015

362,628n. d.

363,005380,490383,768382,774

100.0n. d.100.1104.9105.8105.6

MEG 2010, 2016


Laying hen inventory in EU member countries (2015)


The ten EU member countries with the highest laying hen inventoriesin 2010 and 2015; data in 1,000 hens

2010 2015

Country Hens Share (%) Country Hens Share (%)

Italy 49,575 13.7 Italy 48,199 12.6

Spain 46,592 12.8 Germany 47,987 12.5

France 45,531 12.6 France 46,770 12.2

Germany 41,729 11.5 Poland 41,916 11.0

U. K. 38,911 10.7 Spain 41,266 10.8

Netherlands 33,448 9.2 U. K. 38,991 10.2

Poland 32,781 9.0 Netherlands 32,838 8.6

Belgium 9,264 2.6 Belgium 8,893 2,3

Sweden 6,519 1.8 Portugal 8,770 2.3

Romania 6,215 1.7 Hungary 8,211 2.1

10 countries 310,565 85.6 10 countries 323,841 84.6MEG


The five EU member countries with the highest increase resp. decrease of their laying hen inventories between 2010 and 2015

Increase Decrease

Country 1,000 hens % Country 1,000 hens %Poland 9,135 27.9 Spain 5,326 11.4Germany 6,470 15.0 Italy 1,376 2.8Portugal 2,641 41.0 Slovakia 641 17.4Hungary 2,571 45.6 Netherlands 610 1.8Romania 1,618 26.0 Belgium 371 4.0


Change in housing systems

45.4%

20.1%

20.8%

10.6%

3.0%

2010

56.1%26.1%

13.6%

4.2%

2015

Conventional cages

Enriched cages

Barn

Free range

Organic

Total: 362.6 mill. Total: 382.8 mill.


Housing systems for lying hens in EU member countries (2015)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

LT PT ES EE PL SK LV CZ HR HU CY FR FI IT IE SI BE BG RO DK UK NL SE DE AT

Enriched cages Barn Systems Free‐range Organic


Enriched cages Barn system

Country % Country %Latvia 99.6 Austria 67.3Portugal 93.9 Sweden 64.5Spain 91.7 Netherlands 61.7

Free-range OrganicCountry % Country %Un. Kingdom 49.9 Denmark 26.3Ireland 39.0 Sweden 16.1Austria 20.0 Austria 10.7

EU member countries with the highest share in housing systems(2015)


4.

Dynamics in egg production


Development of EU egg production between 2010 and 2015

Year Production(1,000 t)

Index(2010 = 100)

201020112012201320142015

7,1897,1717,0437,3717,4047,537

100.099.798.0102.5103.0104.8

MEG 2010, 2016


Egg production in EU member countries (2015)


The ten EU member countries with the highest egg productionin 2010 and 2015; data in 1,000 t

2010 2015

Country Production Share (%) Country Production Share (%)

France 954 13.3 France 991 13.1

Spain 918 12.8 Spain 929 12.3

Italy 852 11.9 Germany 870 11.5

U. K. 718 10.0 Italy 830 11.0

Netherlands 711 9.9 U. K. 751 10.0

Germany 656 9.1 Netherlands 722 9.6

Poland 637 8.9 Poland 593 7.9

Romania 310 4.3 Romania 350 4.6

Belgium 168 2.3 Belgium 177 2.3

Hungary 168 2.3 Czech Rep. 158 2.1

10 countries 6,092 84.7 10 countries 6,371 84.5MEG


The five EU member countries with the highest increase resp. decrease of egg production between 2010 and 2015

Increase Decrease

Country 1,000 t % Country 1,000 t %Germany 214 32.6 Poland 44 6.9Romania 40 12.9 Italy 22 2.6France 37 3.9 Hungary 20 11.9U. K. 33 4.6 Bulgaria 6 6.0Czech R. 30 23.4 Croatia 3 7.2


Results:

• The transformation of the housing systems did notcause a drastic decline in the laying hen inventory andin egg production.

• The expansion of layer places led to an oversupplywith eggs and lasting low egg prices at farm gate.

• A reduction of placed hatching eggs and pullets wasable to stabilise the situation for some time, but it wasnot before the second quarter of 2016 that prices increased again, partly of growth in exports.


5.

Dynamics in egg trade


Development of EU egg exports between 2010 and 2015

Year Exports(t)

Index(2010 = 100)

201020112012201320142015

181,719217,105185,716219,683232,859283,130

100.0119.5102.2120.3128.1155.8

EU Commission

* Includes shell egg equivalents for egg products but not hatching eggs


Development of EU egg imports between 2010 and 2015

Year Imports(t)

Index(2010 = 100)

201020112012201320142015

34,24420,80637,44620,37813,62618,869

100.060.8109.459.539.855.1

EU Commission



The eight leading non-EU countries of destination for EU egg exports in 2010 and 2015; data in t

2010 2015

Country Exports Share (%) Country Exports Share (%)

Japan 52,923 29.1 Japan 73,487 25.9

Switzerland 45,072 24.8 USA 49,451 17.5

Angola 10,414 5.7 Switzerland 41,593 14.7

Taiwan 7,145 3.9 Un. Arab. E. 15,113 5.3

Thailand 6,168 3.4 Israel 11.592 3.1

Un. Arab. E. 5,888 3.2 Thailand 5,147 1.8

Russian Fed. 5,293 2.9 Hong Kong 4,308 1.5

Philippines 3,176 1.7 Taiwan 4,082 1.4

8 countries 136,097 74.9 8 countries 204,773 72.3

EU Commission* Includes shell egg equivalents for egg products but not hatching eggs


The five leading non-EU countries of origin for EU egg imports in 2010 and 2015; data in t

2010 2015

Country Imports Share (%) Country Imports Share (%)

USA 14,009 40.9 India 5,743 30.4

Argentina 7,937 23.2 Ukraine 3,665 19.4

India 3,211 9.4 Argentina 3,232 17.1

Norway 1,722 5.0 USA 2,745 14.5

Israel 941 2.7 Albania 1,544 8.2

5 countries 27,820 81.2 5 countries 16,939 89.8

Total 34,244 100.0 Total 18,869 100.0

EU Commission



Development of the EU egg trade balance between 2010 and 2015; data in 1,000 t

Year Exports Imports Surplus

201020112012201320142015

182217186220233283

342137201419

148196149200219264

Change (%) + 55.5 ‐ 44.1 + 78.4


6.

Case study:

Impacts of the earlier banning of conventional cages in Germany

and its economic impacts on the egg industry in Spain and Poland


Egg farms and laying hen inventory* in Germany(2000 – 2015)

53,300

49,400 48,600

45,50044,300 43,500

42,400 41,400 4,.300

36,700 33,40039,200

41,400

43,200

46,09547,543

1,324 1,3261,268

1,208 1,1961,246 1,274

1,239 1,214

1,133 1,114

1,1981,245

1,333

1,464

1,647

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

50,000

55,000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Num

ber o

f layer fa

rms (> 3,00

0 places)

Num

ber o

f laying he

ns (in 1,00

0)

Number of hens (in 1,000)

*Farms and inventory in farms with > 3,000 places


Self-sufficiency rate and egg imports by Germany (2000 – 2015)

4.4 4.7 4.6 4.95.3

5.7 5.9 6.0 6.1

7.58.3

6.76.3

5.96.5 6.8

67.4

74.0 74.0

71.0 71.0 71.0

68.5 67.8

68.6

59.4

54.9

66.1

68.2

71.0

66.9 67.4

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

self‐sufficiency rate (in %)

Impo

rt of she

ll eggs (in billion

pieces)

Import volume of shell eggsSelf‐sufficiency rate

*Farms and inventory in farms with >3,000 places


The development of Germany´s egg imports between 2010 and 2015;data in mill. pieces

Country oforigin

2010 2012 2014 2015 Change(%)

NetherlandsPolandBelgiumFranceSpainCzech. Rep.LithuaniaOther

5,814679431221463599

595

4,5281,00537135

101264

249

4,637772301371153497

165

4,6141,16131998514841

449

- 20.6+ 71.0- 26.0- 55.7- 89.0- 19.6+ 35.6- 24.5

Total 8,271 6,319 6,459 6,781 - 18.0

MEG 2016


Development of Germany´s egg imports from Spain between 2010 and 2015; data in mill. pieces

Year Imports Index (2010 = 100)

201020112012201320142015

462.9182.8101.6153.5160.651,1

100.039.521.933.234.711.0

MAPA 2016


Development of Germany´s egg imports from Poland between 2010 and 2015; data in mill. pieces

Year Imports Index (2010 = 100)

201020112012201320142015

6798921,0057661,0341,161

100.0131.4148.0112.8152.3171.0

MEG 2016


7.

New challenges


Challenges:

• Banning of beak treatment

• Banning of killing male one-day old chicks

• Cage-free trends in retail and fast-food restaurants

• Reduction resp. banning of the use of antibiotics

• Increase of the share of vegetarians resp. vegans

• Negative image of the poultry industry – risk of loosingthe license to produce


I want to thank my Colleague, Dr. Aline Veauthier,for designingthe maps andgraphs of thispresentationand in the Special Report


Thank you for your attention !

the eu egg industry in transition - arya-dan-roshd.ir · 3.0% 2010 26.1% 56.1% 13.6% 4.2% 2015...

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