the entrepreneurial selling process bill collins 10/24/2015bill collins efp caltech1
TRANSCRIPT
The Entrepreneurial Selling Process
Bill Collins
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Exercise
Elevator Pitch
Selling Process Phases
Phase I – “Education Phase” Set your success pattern
“Invent” your customer Establish “Lead” customers
Phase II – Volume Sales Repeat your success pattern
“Mass produce” your customer Establish predictable sales funnel
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Selling Process Phases
Phase I – “Education Phase” Set your success pattern
“Invent” your customer Establish “Lead” customers
Phase II – Volume Sales Repeat your success pattern
“Mass produce” your customer Establish predictable sales funnel
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Quiz: Why do Fish School?
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Adoption Challenge
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Potential Customers
You
You are faced with a host of valid initial customers – how do you proceed?
Neutrogena
Darigold
Foster Farms
KrogerTexaco
Chevron
Exxon
Kelloggs
Pepsi
Nestle
Merck
Amgen
General Mills
Vigilistics
Phase I Overview
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Education
Potential Customers
You
In Phase I, you pick out a few reference-able customers of the same type to win
•Education intensive – both directions
•Make “alterations” to fit
•Allows “characterization” of sale
Phase I Overview
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Education
Potential Customers
In Phase I, you pick out a few reference-able customers of the same type to win
•Education intensive – both directions
•Make “alterations” to fit
•Allows “characterization” of sale
KrogerFoster Farms
Darigold
Vigilistics
Portfolio ExamplesCompany Solution Mkt Options Choice/Lead Cust
Vigilistics Mfg SW Dairy, Food, Pharma, Oil/Gas
Dairy/Kroger, Foster, Darigold
iRise Int’net SW Finance, Health, Retail, Gov’t
Finance/Schwab, VISA, First Am Title, Wells
Case Stack Outs Logist Consumer Pkg, Food, Furniture, Electronics
Consumer pkg goods/Lea & Perrins, Hansens, Celestial
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Phase II Overview
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Education
Recognition
In Phase II, you the leverage lead customers to help similar ones recognize the value, rapidly adopt
•Establish repeatable process
•Make revenue predictable
UDASwiss Valley
Nestle
Dean Foods
Momentum
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Education
Recognition
Additional types then require less education and have faster recognition based on initial success
Nestle Neutrogena
Alternate Approach
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Education….
Recognition
Addressing multiple types at the beginning
•May feel faster, but is actually slower
•Education spread too thin
•Longer for specific types to recognize
•Recognition still tends to be by one type at a time
Education….
Process Benefits Phase I enables market recognition
Enable market analysts to position you Enable target company interest in you Enable funding community to put a value on you
Phase II enables predictability Financial risk reduced
Return on assets can be projected Operational investments scale an established model
Solidify your value to funding community, acquirers Equity, debt, purchase
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When Should I Start Selling My Solution and Who Should
Sell It?
The Short Answers….. Now and You!
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Lead Customer Pre-Requisites1. Reference-ability to rest of target market2. Location allowing intensive interaction3. Looking for competitive advantage4. Have both pain that can’t be solved by
others and a specific compelling project or event necessitating solution
5. Sponsorship from customer manager(s) that control priorities and budgets
6. Willingness to engage a start-up company (this is by definition a small percentage)
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Ways To Reach Initial Customer
Most success comes through relationships
In order of effectiveness……1. Customer helps found company/is early investor2. Founder/CEO/CXO has relationship already3. Engage established partner(s) with privileged access4. Engage established sales person with privileged
access5. Leverage referral from close mutual associate6. Leverage referral from distant mutual associate7. Cold call
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When is Phase I Complete?
When you have a credible answer to:
“What have you done successfully for someone just like me?”
Complete ~ 5 sales. Make ~ 5 installations, demonstrate value. Know why they bought it. Get at least 2 to be references for value. Be ready to deliver in production form.
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Phase II Establish, characterize sales funnel
Stages of sale, Cycle-time, Attrition, Resources required, Selling costs
Use funnel to establish revenue plan Assign quota by resource building blocks Assume productivity & price changes, lead-times
Measure and drive key metrics Tailored to your business
Get a professional to run this Different from a Phase I activity
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Example Funnel/Pipeline
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Targ
et/P
rosp
ect
Lea
d
Qua
lified
Lea
d
Pr
esen
t
Pro
pose
Close
100
4 weeks
25 15 10
4
Susp
ects
50
4 weeks
2 weeks 3 weeks
2 weeks 13 weeks total
Funnel Definitions
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Item DefinitionSuspect All possible customers who could use solution
Target/Prospect Actively addressing to find potential pain, project & fit
Lead Established, identified potential project & fit, working to identify opportunity: intent to buy, budget, decision maker, timing, competition
Qualified Lead Opportunity confirmed, working to get invitation to present solution to decision maker
Present Presentation made, working to get an invitation to formally quote/propose
Propose Formal quote/proposal submitted, working to close
Close You’ve got the business!
Example MetricsChoose the ones most important to your
situation, such as: Number of opportunities in each stage Hot list of accounts at proposal stage Close ratio Time to qualify leads Performance to quota Actual ASP of deals closed
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Channels
“Channels are NOT customers, they help you reach your customer”
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Why Are There Channels?
“Channels enable quality sales time with the customer”
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Channel Comparison
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CHANNEL REACH REQUIRED
CAN SUPPORT FIXED COST
EDUCATION NEEDED
BEST FIT
Direct Sales:
Push L H HBig ticket items, heavy support, concentrated base
VAR’s: Push L L HMid-sized sales, heavy support, concentrated base
Agents/reps:Push M L M
Mid-sized sales, heavy support, mid-dispersed base
Distributors / brokers:Push M L M
Mid/small sales, mid-support, dispersed base
Telesales: Push M M L
Small-sized sales, light support, dispersed base
Consumer retail / dealer: Pull
H L LSmall-sized sales, light support, dispersed base
TV / mail: Pull H H LSmall-sized sales, no support, dispersed base
Internet: Pull H L LSmall-sized sales, light/no support, dispersed base, for customers who target you
Using Multiple Channels# O
f Cu
stom
ers
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Gp A
Customer Group C
Group B
Ch C
Ch B
Channel A
$ P
er C
ust
omer
You will typically end up using multiple channels “One size” usually does not fit all
Sales Plan “Building Blocks”
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Quotas Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Y1 Y2
Ch. 1 “Direct” 2 2 4 4 12 20
Price $200K $200K $300K $300K $275K $300K
Channel #1 Sales $400K $400K $1.2M $1.2M $2.9M $6M
Ch. 2 “Reseller” 4 4 6 6 20 40
Price $150K $150K $200K $200K $175K $200K
Channel #2 Sales $600K $600K $1.2M $1.2M $3.6M $8M
Total $ Sales $1M $1M $2.4M $2.4M $6M $14M
Attracting & Motivating Sales Forces
Great salespeople / channel companies are looking for two things: A great solution to sale High variable compensation
Sales people / channel companies are highly motivated by contests
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Top Sales People
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SalesmanAct.jpg
Hiring Top Sales People Top Sales people have common traits:
Have professional & personal relationships with your specific target customers
Each market has a “club” – they are in the club Consistent high achievers to quota
Consistently number one or close to it Consistently highly paid
Hire these people - pay a premium if required Particularly for your early sales team They are well worth the money!!
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Summary Your business model must be:
Acceptable to your customers Able to provide recurring sales. Able to deliver more for less while generating profitable
growth.
Your pricing must: Have a credible reconciliation to value Get early validation from lead customers. Create excitement for both your customers and investors.
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Q&A
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Business Models
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Business Model as defined here is your structure for receiving compensation.
Your choice of business model is a critical consideration for your company.
It is also a critical point of review by prospective financiers.
Business Models
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1. How will you charge for your solution?
2. What makes your customers excited about your price/structure now? Differences?
3. How will you generate recurring sales from your customers (printers versus ink)?
4. How will you deliver continuously increasing value over time?
5. How can you extend your model to enable continuous cash flow, profits growth?
Biz Models – Basic Questions
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Set A Value Roadmap You must plan to increase your value each year Cost-performance improvement curve is inexorable Stems from human expectations model – continuously
expect more for less. Each industry has it’s norms. Productivity improvements enable price reductions Additional features enable stable or higher prices
Slower = margin loss
Faster = margin gain
Expectation
Cost versus performance
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Whether your model is selling “cell phones” or “minutes” you need a roadmap. Cell phones: Started out expensive, got cheap,
then were given away to get the minutes, now need to be combined with cameras and PDA’s to have value……
Minutes: Started out expensive per unit, got cheaper, went to lump sum, then needed lots of additions just to keep the lump sum, eventually are basically free….
Industry Case
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Portfolio ExamplesCompany Solution Biz Model Extensions
Cloud Cover Music
Streaming music & ads for retail
Subscription by month, plus a one-time ad set up fee
Call waiting, additional custom ads, premium music mix, related retail services
Luxim Lamp Charge per unit Increase lumens, lumens per watt/cost
Case Stack Outsourced Logistics
Charge by transaction, sw free
Increase functionality, continuously decrease transp & wareh costs
Zero Gravity
Weightless Flight
Charge by flight Add to experience, eventually into space
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1. What gross margin can you generate?1. Primary indicator of value2. Needs to support your overhead3. Needs to allow room for partners/customers
to make money.
2. How do you generate positive cash flow?1. Payment terms with suppliers and
customers – bias these in your favor2. Working capital needs - minimize3. Understand who is paying the cost of money
Models – Vertical/Horizontal
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Pricing
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Always price to value Approaches:
Price to payback Rule of thumb – 6 months to 1 year
Price to displace existing solutions on cost basis Rule of thumb – 30% net savings or more
Price to displace existing solutions on performance basis
Rule of thumb – hard to get customers to pay more Price to protect against indirect competition
Rule of thumb – highest price that allows end solution to stay attractive versus alternative approaches
Pricing Fundamentals
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Know your value What is the current solution? What money do you save/increase versus this? How easy/hard to change: time, cost, behavior, risk? Do customers agree with your assessment?
Know your cost What can you provide it for? Now and over time? What does it cost to implement?
Be confident in your value It WILL sell If credible/consistent with rules of thumb
Value Pricing
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Portfolio ExamplesCompany Solution Priced
PerJustification
Vigilistics Ent’prise SW Month Payback – productivity
Luxim Lamp Lamp Displace based on perf
Case Stack Outs Logistics Transaction
Displace based on cost
Zero G Weightless Flt Flight Attr vs indirect comp
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PricePerformanceQualityLead-time **RISK/PRESTIGE PERCEPTION**
Value Factors
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CRITICAL validators of value, ROI, price Set future “success pattern” Lower risk/increase prestige of solution Eventually you want to become a “safe bet.”
Lead customers must pay for solution Not credible otherwise – others WILL ask Can receive a favorable deal, not too much Best to pay full price, get other benefits
Make sure they’re willing to brag about it!!
Lead Customer Pricing
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Does your pricing excite both your customers and investors
at the same time?
The Pricing Acid Test
Summary The two-phase selling process drives a
successful business Set the pattern, repeat the pattern It all starts by choosing similar customers
The key factors are education & recognition Phase I enables recognition, Phase II predictability
Phase II is for “mass producing” customers Top Sales people:
Want superior solution, high variable comp Know your customers, have the track record Pay them the money – they’re worth it!
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Q&A