The End of the 1920s

Scopes Trial- Cities drew thousands of people from farms & small towns- Those who stayed in rural areas often _____________________________ in the city were a threat to traditional values

Darwin’s Theory of _____________________: Charles Darwin – British scientist, had claimed

that all life had evolved, or developed, from simpler forms ____________________________

- Some churches condemned his theory, saying it denied teachings in the __________- Some states banned the teachings of his theory

- 1925- John Scopes (biology teacher in Dayton) taught evolution to his class.- Scopes was arrested & __________________________________

- William Jennings Bryan (who had run for president) spoke for the state against Scopes- Clarence Darrow (Chicago lawyer known for helping unions & radicals) defended Scopes

- ________________________________________________- Laws against teaching _____________remain on the books, though they are rarely enforced

KKK- __________the KKK begins to crop up again- Originally, the clan had used terror to keep African Americans from voting after the ____________- New Klan’s aim: __________________________________________________________________- Waged a campaign against blacks, immigrants, Catholics & Jews- _____________________________outside of people’s homes- Whippings & lynchings to terrorize immigrants & blacks- Strongly supported efforts to limit _______________________- Such a large membership = gained political influence

Racial Tensions in the North- African Americans had hoped that their

efforts abroad in WW1 would weaken __________________at home

- Returning black soldiers found the South was still ______________________ & racism was big in the North

- African Americans moved _____________during & after the war

*Factory jobs in larger cities*Often the only available jobs were low-paying ones*Whites refused to rent apartments to blacks* Northern white homeowners & workers felt _______________by the arrival of so many African Americans* Racial tension grew*8 months after WW1, ___________ broke out in several cities* The worst: Chicago, leaving 38 dead

Marcus Garvey- African Americans were shocked by the racism they found & looked for new ways to cope- Marcus Garvey: one of the most popular black leaders of the 1920s who started the

first widespread ___________________________________________________________.

- Organized the Universal Negro Improvement Association (_______________): intended to promote _________& _________ among African Americans

- Believed blacks needed to rely on themselves rather than ______________to get ahead

“_____________________________________________”: Garvey urged African Americans to seek their roots in Africa

to regain racial pride

Election of 1928- By 1928 Republicans had led the nation for ______ years

- They pointed to their _________________ as their outstanding achievement- ____________________________ wins the Republican nomination (against Alfred Smith (D))

- Hoover was a self-made _______________________from the Midwest- Won votes from ___________________Americans & big business alike

- American hoped Hoover would keep the country prosperous- Less than a year after he becomes president,_____________________________________