THE END OF MEDIEVAL EUROPE

1

THE MAIN EVENT(S)

T

he Black Death (1347-1351)

T

he Hundred Years War (1337-1453)

T

he Great Schism (1378-1417)

T

he Crusades (1095-1291)

2

THE BLACK DEATH

L

asted from 1347-1351

C

ause: Rats with fleas carrying the bubonic plague entered Europe from

Asia on trading ships

K

illed 25 Million people in Europe

(1/3 of the population)

B

odies buried in mass graves

3

BUBONIC PLAGUE

D

ON’T WRITE THIS DOWN

S

ymptoms:• Swollen lymph nodes• Chills• High Fever• Seizures

K

ills in about 4 days

4

THE BLAME GAME

P

eople came up with many “explanations” for why the

plague occurred

2

Main “Explanations”• Jews poisoned the wells• God was punishing sinful ways

5

RESULTS

T

he peoples’ faith in God was shaken

T

he church lost some of its power

P

easants lives improved• Created labor shortage• Workers could demand higher wages• Some peasants granted freedom in exchange for labor

6

THE HUNDRED YEARS WAR

A

ctually lasted 116 years (1337-1453)

B

etween England & France

C

ause: The French king died with no heir to his throne. The

King of England attempts to claim the French throne.

7

WHAT HAPPENED?

D

idn’t actually fight continuously for 100 years

A

ctually a series of conflicts between the 2 groups

E

ach king developed a standing army

of foot soldiers

N

ew weapons were created• English Longbow• Gunpowder & cannons (from Asia)

8

JOAN OF ARC

Y

oung French woman

R

allied French troops around the

heir to the throne

D

rove English out of Orleans

E

ventually captured & burned at the steak

9

THE RESULTS ARE IN . . .

R

oyal power in both countries strengthened

B

oth developed greater national pride

N

o real winner• France held its ground, but didn’t gain anything• England didn’t gain anything

10

THE GREAT SCHISM

D

isputes between the Pope & Europe’s secular

kings• Kings wanted to:

• Appoint bishops, who controlled vast areas of land• Try priests in royal courts• Tax church lands

• The Pope resisted

11

THE CAUSE

1

305 – French Pope elected & moves Papacy to Avignon,

France

1

378 – Italian Pope elected & returns Papacy to Rome

F

rench Cardinals claim the election was unfair, and elect a

2nd Pope who was French

12

THE RESULTS

S

chism (split) greatly weakened the church

1

409 – Church Council elects 3rd Pope• Makes things worse

1

417 – New Church Council• Deposes all 3 Popes• Elects new Pope (only 1)

C

hurch’s prestige already greatly weakened

13

ESSENTIAL QUESTION

W

hat were the causes & effects of the end of Medieval

Europe?

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