The employment potential and level of government support of internally displaced persons

(according to the results of the social research«Needs assessment among internally displaced women and aged

people in Ukraine»)

International Academic and Research Conference«Internally displaced persons in Ukraine: fundamentals and

opportunities»February 27, 2015

Task groups and research regions (1)

IDP moved from places of permanent residence and reside in other territories (1000 respondents):

1. Women aged 18 and older that are: Pregnant (101 persons) Household heads and/or main economic supporters in the household

(604 persons)

2. Aged persons of 60 years and older: Women (133 persons) and Men (162 persons) Reside in residential care establishments :

Women (59 persons) and Men (41 persons)Survey regions (17 regions): Dnipropetrovsk, Donetsk, Zakarpattya, Zaporizhzhya, Kirovohrad, Kyiv, Luhansk, Lviv, Odesa, Poltava, Rivne, Sumy, Kharkiv, Kherson, Cherkasy, Chernihiv regions and the city of Kyiv.

2

Task groups and research regions (2)

RM – migrants that returned to their places of permanent residence in the post-conflict territories (403 persons):

1. Women aged 18 and older that are: Pregnant (53 persons) Household heads and/or main economic supporters in the

household (248 persons)

2. Aged persons of 60 years and older: Women (50 persons) Men (52 persons)

Survey regions: Donetsk and Luhansk regions

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Main criteria of task group selection

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A woman – household head

• Age – 18 years and older• Family budget owner and takes

decisions concerning life support of the family

A pregnant woman• Age – 18 years and older• Pregnancy at the moment of the

survey

An aged person

• Age – 60 years and older• Gender: male and female• Reside in the residential care

establishment

Respondent RecruitingInternally Displaced Persons (IDP)

Temporary entry centres Places of providing humanitarian assistance (food, cloths, personal hygiene facilities, medicine etc.) Non-governmental, volunteer organizations, charity funds Governmental establishments providing assistance Church communities Medical Service Establishments (pregnant women) Employment centres (in Donetsk region exclusively) Acquaintances, friends, colleagues etc. Task group representatives

Returned Migrants (RM)

Places of providing humanitarian assistance (food, cloths, personal hygiene facilities, medicine etc.) Non-governmental, volunteer organizations, charity funds Governmental establishments providing assistance Church communities Acquainted, friends, colleagues etc. Task group representatives

Aged persons who reside in the residential care establishments

Residential Care Establishments: Mohylov Geriatric Home (Dnipropetrovsk region); Mariupol War and Labour Veterans Home No.1 and No. 2; Kharkiv Labour Veterans Geriatric Home.

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Key Characteristics of IDP (1)

More than a half – are marriedChildren:

• One third has 1 child

• 16% have two children

• 2% have three and more children 2/3 have education higher than secondary one 40% moved with their families; 60% - no (left husbands,

relatives) 60% had income for 1 family member lower than living

minimumMain income source: 40% - salary and self-employment;

30% – pension; 10% - state subsistence allowance; 5% - savings; 15% - various kinds of allowances

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Key Characteristics of IDP(2)

Financially incapable:• to buy necessary food products (70%)• to regularly pay public utility charges (57%)

Type of accommodation where they reside now:•37% - an apartment/house•19% - a room in an apartment/house•11% - a room in a dormitory•7% - a room in a health resort/recreation centre•2% - temporary entry centre

Accommodation where they reside:• Rent and pay themselves (31%)• Relatives’/acquaintances’ property (reside free of charge) (21%)• Relatives’/ acquaintances’ property (pay rent) (17,5%)• Provided by government free of charge (15%)• Provided by government (on a fee paid basis) (5%)

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GOVERNMENTAL SUPPORT OFINTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS

Experience of asking for receiving a IDP registration certificate into the structural department of the local state administration regarding social

protection issues of population according to the place of permanent residence

в

Asked and have received a certificate, 86,3%

Asked, but have not re-ceived a certificate, 3,4%

Have not asked, 10,3%

Main reasons of not asking

- Do not see any point in its receiving – 3,9%- Do not know where to address – 1,8%- Difficulties with collection of all necessary documents – 1,4%- Too complicated procedure of certificate drawing up – 1,3%- Do not know that they have the right to receive a certificate – 1,1%

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«Cascade» of welfare payment and governmental allowance receivers among IDPs, %

Kinds of payments(that more than 3% of respondents

have indicated)

Had the right to receive

before moving

Carried out payment transfers according to the current place of

residence

Receive allowance

according to the current place of

residence

Retirement Pension 33,6 30,8 28,8

Nursing Aid 12,0 9,1 7,3

Pregnancy and Maternity Allowance 8,8 6,4 4,7

Low-Income Family Social Care 7,0 5,3 4,4

Child Allowances for Single Mothers 6,6 6,0 5,2

Disability Pension 5,7 5,5 4,9

Unemployment benefits, including on a one-off basis 5,6 4,1 3,6

Children’s Allowance under 16 years (that study till 18 years) 4,8 3,5 3,1

One-off Child Birth Benefit4,6 2,3 1,8

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Proportion of IDPs who receive targeted aid for persons who move from the temporary occupied territory of Ukraine and regions of the ATO, for living expenses covering, including paying public utility

charges, %

Among those who received a certificate on IDP registration, N=863 F-HH F-P M

(60+)F

(60+)Among

all

Receive in full 56,5 58,6 65,3 56,6 57,9

Receive not in full, with delays 16,9 17,2 5,1 10,5 14,3

Do not receive, but all documents for drawing up have been filed

19,0 19,5 16,1 26,6 19,9

Do not receive and have not filed documents

7,6 4,6 13,6 6,3 7,9

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Asking for help in governmental establishments to solve issues related to moving and receiving allowance after moving, %

Proportion of those who have asked for allowance

Proportion of those

who received it

F-HH F-P M (60+) F(60+) Among all Among all

Department of Social Protection of the Population

68.9 67.3 73.7 68.5 69.3 57.8

Healthcare Department 21.0 41.6 10.5 25.3 22.4 19.7

Education Department 25.0 11.9 5.3 9.9 18.6 16.0

Social Service Centre for Family, Children and Youth

18.7 22.8 8.3 11.1 16.5 13.5

Office of Children’s Services 14.6 15.8 3.8 4.3 11.6 9.1

Family, Children and Youth Department

7.1 5.9 0.8 3.1 5.5 3.7

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Need and receiving of allowance after migration from governmental agencies, % among all

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Drawing up of welfare payments, pensions, allowances

Registration according to the temporary place of residence

Accommodation search (including rental)

Receiving food products

Receiving financial aid

Receiving medical services

Receiving non-grocery goods

Rehabilitation (job serach)

Assistance related to household issues

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

68.4

67

61.9

56.5

52.5

45.7

45

40.8

33.6

61.4

61

30

27.2

27.8

37.4

19.9

13.3

14.7

Needed Received

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EMPLOYMENT AND LABOUR POTENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF INTERNALLY

DISPLACED PERSONS

Employment characteristics of women-household heads, % (1)

Were employed BEFORE removal

Are employed

NOW

Are in search of

jobWere employed/are employed/are in search of 66.0 31.1 34.6Heads, managers 7.6 2.2 1.0Experts 25.3 8.7 9.4Technicians and professionals (associated professionals) 5.9 1.5 1.4

«Clerk» assistance workers 2.5 1.0 0.5Workers in the field of services and trade 18.2 13.1 7.2Qualified agricultural and forest workers 0.2 0.0 0.0Craftsmen and associated qualified workers 2.2 1.5 0.7Operators and installation and machine riggers 0.7 0.2 0.3Elementary (the most simple) professions 3.4 2.7 0.9Volunteer 0.0 0.2 0.0Any job 0.0 0.0 13.1Were not employed/are not employed/are not searching 34.0 68.9 65.4

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Employment characteristics of women-household heads, % (2)

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The current position is more pres-tigious and well-paid, 7%

The current and previous positions are identical ac-

cording to the pay level and

prestige, 46%

The current posi-tion is less presti-

gious and low-paid, 47%

Current employment of IDPs, %

F-HH F-PM

(60+)F

(60+)Among

all

Work full-time (8 hours)26.5 2.0 3.0 4.3 17.3

Work part-time (4 hours)6.3 6.9 0.0 2.5 4.9

Do not work, but I am actively searching a job 35.3 4.0 13.5 9.3 25.0

Do not work and do not search for a job 18.2 8.9 83.5 84.0 36.6Have a pregnant leave (till birth of a child) 1.7 75.2 - - 8.6

Have a maternity leave 12.1 3.0 - - 7.6

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Employment conditions of IDPs, % (N=222, among those who work)

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Written agreement

Oral agreement

Without agreement (self-employment)

63.6

20.7

15.7

33.3

11.1

55.6

50.0

25.0

25.0

45.5

27.3

27.3

F (60+)

M (60+)

F-P

F-HH

Among all – 20,7%

Among all – 61,3%

Among all – 18,0%

Attitude of F-HH related to employment in the current place of residence

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«Difficult» to find a job that:

• would suit by its salary (81%)

• would correspond to experience, knowledge and qualification (80.5%)

Reasons for unemployment of F-HH, % (Among those who do not work, N=323)

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There is no appropriate job – 52.9%•Documents on education have been lost

•Only unskilled professions are offered

•Have no work experience

•Cannot get confirmation of dismissal from the previous employment

•Featured jobs are far away from the place of residence

•Have no work record

•Employers do not want to employ me because of the territory of origin

•Only informal employment is offered

•Low salary is offered

•There have been many attempts, despaired in search of work

•I cannot find a job according to my profession

•Not enough workplaces for employment

“Are waiting” – 13%• Waiting for answers to my previous queries

• Waiting for the start of operations, business or agricultural season

Employment in household and pensioners – 21% Other – 13%

Registration of F-HH in an employment centre

Registered

Non-registered

42,1%

46,4%

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(among those who do not work, N=286)

Reasons why they have not registered with an Employment centre after displacement:

• Do not see any point in registration• Do not believe that anybody would help me (or would not want to help)• There were feedbacks that only positions of cleaners and yard-keepers had been offered• Because of lack of certain documents (including a certificate from the previous place of

employment)• Do not know how to get there• Do not know where to address

Vocational training, retraining for further employment/preservation of the workplace

Among all, not taking into account those who are on pension (N=737)

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26,9 % would like to have vocational training or retraining for further employment or preservation of the workplace:

• Learning of a foreign language• Computer related skills• Accounting (including 1С program)• Work with office equipment (fax, xerox)• Other (gaining skills of a cook, seamstress, hair dresser, seller)

21,2 % would like to gain skills, have additional training/retraining that would improve chances to find a job:

• Accounting (including 1С program)• Computer related skills• Learning of a foreign language

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PLANS OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS

Plans to remove in the next 12 months, %

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0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0

52,8

2,4

1,6

0,3

1,3

0,4

10.9

30,3Don’t plan to depart from the settlement where I currently reside

Don’t know/no answer

Will move to other country of the world

Will move to an EU country

Will move to another CIS country

Will move to Russia

Will move to other region of Ukraine

Will return to the former place of residence after liberation of the territory

Readiness of F-HH to remove in rural area, %

25

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

29.1

21.7

29.5

12.6

7.1

Agree – 20%Absolutely agree

Rather agree

Difficult to say, whether agree or not

Rather disagree

Absolutely disagree

Recommendations (1)Promoting creation of new workplaces, including under

conditions of mini-shifts.Creating opportunities for retraining of internally displaced

persons on the basis of public employment centers, taking into account the specific of industrial region of their location and actual needs of the labor market.

Implementing quick preparation courses for entrepreneurship of IDPs on the basis of employment centers, primarily in the fields of: construction of individual houses, energy efficiency, modernization of infrastructure facilities etc.

Providing horizontal relationship of regional employment centers to give greater opportunity for employment of IDPs.

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Recommendations (2)

Analyzing willingness of IDPs to move into rural areas, offering strategies for their placement and employment. At the same time, provision of an integrated approach for infrastructure development.

Establishing the country-wide data base (register) related to existing allocation opportunities, employment and job retraining for forcedly displaced persons (mapping, database forming, online access to employment centers, etc. opportunity for individual search).

Determining social capital characteristics of IDPs for the most effective involvement of their potential for the benefit of communities of (temporary) residence and organization of mutual aid for IDPs.

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Thank you for your attention!!!!

Additional information:

Bondar Tetyana,

O. Yaremenko UISR,

Теl./fax: (044) 501 50 75; (044) 501 50 76

bondar@uisr.org.ua http://www.uisr.org.ua

Osaulenko Olga,

UNFPA Representation office in Ukraine,

Теl./fax: +38 044 253 00 53

osaulenko@unfpa.org http://www.unfpa.org

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