the emirates group environmental report 2016-17jan 01, 2017 · overview contents. 4 emirates is a...

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THE EMIRATES GROUP ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2016-17

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We recognise that preserving our resources will be one of the greatest challenges in our drive towards sustainable development. This, however, will not materialise unless different facets of our society adopt energy conservation principles in their core values.

HIS HIGHNESS SHEIKH MOHAMMEDBIN RASHID AL MAKTOUM VICE PRESIDENT AND PRIME MINISTER OF THE UAE AND RULER OF DUBAI

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BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION

ENVIRONMENTALDATA

COMMUNITY APPENDIX 1 APPENDIX 2 ASSURANCE REPORT

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT

THE LEADERSHIP TEAM

ENVIRONMENTALHIGHLIGHTS

FLIGHT OPERATIONS

GROUNDOPERATIONS

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20

52

13

51

9

45

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3930

OVERVIEW

CONTENTS

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Emirates is a global airline, operating the world’s largest fleets of Airbus A380

and Boeing 777 aircraft from its hub in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Its main activity is the provision of commercial air transportation services.

dnata is one of the largest combined air services providers in the world and the largest travel management services company in the UAE. Its main activities are the provision of cargo and ground handling, catering and travel services.

Emirates and dnata are independent entities and do not form a group as defined by International Financial Reporting Standards. However, these entities are under common management. Therefore, they are together referred to as the Emirates Group in this document.

The Emirates Group Environmental Report complements The Emirates Group Annual Report 2016-17, and covers the Emirates Group’s financial reporting year (1 April 2016 to 31 March 2017).

The Emirates Group Annual Report 2016-17:https://cdn.ek.aero/downloads/ek/pdfs/report/annual_report_2017.pdf

OVERVIEW

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https://cdn.ek.aero/downloads/ek/pdfs/report/annual_report_2017.pdf

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The year 2016-17 was a particularly testing one,

as we faced a series of social, economic and political

events that erupted across our markets around

the world. Consumer confidence and travel demand

were hit by a series of shocks during the year.

While Emirates carried a new record of 56.1 million

passengers, one of the effects of these events was a

fall in our average seat load factor, from 76.5% last

year to 75.1% in 2016-17, which also impacted our

passenger fuel efficiency results.

Yet our strong track record, business foundation,

and brand reputation have stood us in good

stead, enabling us to weather these

turbulent times.

CHAIRMAN’SSTATEMENT

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We have completed a significant refresh of our fleet, retiring the last of our

Airbus A340s and A330s. Our passenger fleet now consists entirely of Airbus

A380s and Boeing 777s. Together with our Boeing 777 freighters, our average

fleet age stood at a very young 5.3 years.

Our efforts to enhance operational efficiency across the business will also

help us to reduce costs and to reduce our environmental impact.

For example, Emirates Engineering introduced a water-saving aircraft

washing procedure, which will help us to save 11 million litres of water a year.

Their energy efficiency projects, such as installing light emitting diode lighting

in the hangars, are also saving a substantial 237 megawatt-hours of electricity

a month.

Onboard our aircraft, we are now providing sustainably-made blankets in

economy class on long-haul flights. Each warm fleece blanket is made from

28 recycled plastic bottles, which could otherwise have ended up in landfill.

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5.3 Average fleet age in years

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dnata marked its most successful and profitable year of operations yet in its

58-year history. Across dnata’s four business divisions – UAE airport operations,

international airport operations, travel services, and catering, we won significant

new contracts, expanded existing relationships, and continued to win

recognition for our quality services.

As a foundation for enabling long-term excellence in Health, Safety and

Environment (HSE), dnata implemented an Integrated Management System

(IMS) during the year. The IMS, one of the cornerstones of our “One dnata”

strategy, covers all operational aspects of dnata’s diverse business, and will

support a learning culture to deliver continuous improvement across all

areas of the business.

The year 2017 is the United Nations International Year of Sustainable Tourism

for Development, and aviation plays an integral part in supporting sustainable

tourism by connecting travellers to their destinations, as well as carrying vital

cargo. We firmly believe that we have a responsibility towards the places and

environments where we operate. In this year’s Environmental Report, we

have linked our environmental priorities to the United Nations Sustainable

Development Goals to help us focus better on where we can have the

greatest impact.

As a Group, we have invested in enhancing natural capital in ways that

directly support sustainable tourism. The Dubai Desert Conservation Reserve

and Emirates One&Only Wolgan Valley both protect valuable ecosystems

and at the same time provide unique and sustainable experiences for visitors

from around the world.

We have continued our strong support for action against the illegal trade

in wildlife, and through our ‘A Greener Tomorrow’ initiative we contributed

to three organisations in Africa that are at the forefront of wildlife protection:

Southern African Wildlife College Trust, Southern African Foundation for

the Conservation of Coastal Birds, and African Parks. dnata’s employee-led

philanthropy programme dnata4good continued its support for wildlife

conservation in South Africa, and completed a school-building project

in Nepal.

We are investing in our people, new systems, technologies, and infrastructure

that will enable us to continue developing our business profitably and

sustainably. Our journey to transform our business will open new opportunities

to improve levels of resource efficiency, building up our business resilience to

chart a path not just through the year ahead, but for the long-haul.

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THE LEADERSHIP TEAM

The Chairman and Chief Executive of Emirates Airline and Group is His Highness (H.H.) Sheikh Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum. Sir Tim Clark is President of Emirates Airline. The President of Group Services and of dnata is Gary Chapman. Both presidents are supported by a senior management team, who oversee the various business units of the Group.

Gary ChapmanPRESIDENT

GROUP SERVICES & dnata

Sir Tim ClarkPRESIDENT

EMIRATES AIRLINE

H.H. Sheikh Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum

CHAIRMAN & CHIEF EXECUTIVE

EMIRATES AIRLINE & GROUP

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ENVIRONMENTALHIGHLIGHTS

Environmental Aspect

CO2 emissions

UN Sustainable Development Goals

Key Actions

Operating modern, fuel-efficient aircraft.

Fuel Optimisation Group driving initiatives including optimised

potable water uplift, use of ground-supplied power where

available instead of the aircraft auxiliary power unit, and use of

fuel-saving operating techniques where safe and practicable.

Working with air traffic management providers and authorities

to implement new fuel-saving routes and flight procedures, and

optimised flight planning to utilise the most fuel-efficient routes on

the day.

Supporting development of a global market-based

measure for international aviation emissions.

Optimised ground transport planning.

Highlights from 2016-17

Fleet renewal programme brought the average fleet age to

63 months (5.3 years).

Idle reverse thrust on landing saved 4,941 tonnes of fuel

(15,564 tonnes of CO2). Engine out taxi in (turning off one engine

while taxiing in) saved 1,170 tonnes of fuel (3,686 tonnes of CO2).

Emirates undertook an international demonstration flight for

System-Wide Information Management (SWIM).

The International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) Assembly

agreed to establish the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme

for International Aviation (CORSIA) in October 2016.

The Emirates Group staff transportation scheme expanded to include

Dubai Airports staff, eliminating 16,000 trips and 371,000 km of

travel, and reducing CO2 emissions by 171 tonnes. This project won

the Dubai Award for Sustainable Transport in Mobility Management.

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Local Air Quality Emissions

Noise


Key Actions

Operating modern, low-emissions aircraft that meet

applicable international engine emissions standards, and using

ground-supplied power where available, instead of the aircraft

auxiliary power unit.

Employing electric and low-emissions ground equipment and

vehicles.

Operating modern, low-noise aircraft that meet ICAO Chapter

4 standards.

Flying our aircraft in accordance with noise abatement

procedures where published for an airport.


100% of aircraft fleet compliant with applicable emissions standards.

(NB: Metric does not include two wet-leased B747-400 freighters.)

dnata continued to expand its fleet of green vehicles and ground

service equipment, including in Dubai (86 hybrid or electric vehicles),

Switzerland (electric forklifts, vehicles and stairs), and Singapore

(pallet jacks and forklifts). dnata management teams in a number of

locations, including Dubai and Amsterdam, adopted hybrid vehicles.

Emirates acquired an electric Bolloré Bluecar for ramp operations at

Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport.

Emirates Flight Catering trucks all operating on low-sulphur diesel.

100% of fleet compliant with Chapter 4.

(NB: Metric does not include two wet-leased B747-400 freighters.)


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Key Actions

Investing in renewable energy solutions.

Retrofitting facilities with energy efficient fittings, such as

LED lighting, efficient chillers, etc.

Dry washing of aircraft.

Procuring items made from recycled materials.

Recycling, including paper, plastic, aluminium, hydraulic oil, etc.

‘Think before you print’ campaign.


Energy (Electricity)

Water

Materials and Waste



The solar array at the Emirates Engine Maintenance Centre

generated 1,403 MWh over the year.

Changing to LED lighting in Emirates Engineering saved >237 MWh of

electricity a month.

New lighting systems at dnata cargo facilities in Melbourne and

Sydney reduced energy consumption by 50% and 40% respectively.

Significant savings were also achieved from similar initiatives in

Manchester, Singapore and the UAE.

Savings estimated at 11 million litres of water per year.

New economy class blankets made from 100% recycled plastic bottles.

3,208 tonnes of materials recycled.

33% fall in print volumes, saving millions of pages, hundreds of trees,

and an estimated 2.5 million kWh hours of electricity between October

2016 and March 2017.


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Key Actions

Conducting awareness campaigns against the illegal trade in

wildlife and wildlife products.

Support for wildlife and ecosystem conservation through the

Dubai Desert Conservation Reserve, Emirates One&Only Wolgan

Valley, ‘A Greener Tomorrow’, and dnata4good.


Biodiversity



Emirates A380 model at London Heathrow roundabout displaying

United for Wildlife design.

Dubai Desert Conservation Reserve: 300 houbara bustards released,

200 ghaf trees planted, and a new species of wasp discovered.

Emirates One&Only Wolgan Valley: hosted university research on

wombat biology; WomSAT app recorded nearly 6,000 wombat

sightings; vegetation restoration provided habitat for endangered

species, including the regent honeyeater.

‘A Greener Tomorrow’ supported three organisations in Africa:

Southern African Wildlife College Trust, Southern African Foundation

for the Conservation of Coastal Birds, and African Parks.

dnata4good: supported rhinoceros conservation in South Africa.


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Emirates is committed to operating a fleet of young

and modern wide-body aircraft, which are quieter

and more efficient to operate, and which also offer

superior flying comfort with the latest technologies

and features for our crew and customers.

FLIGHT OPERATIONS

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EMIRATES AIRLINE

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In 2016-17 we took delivery of 35 aircraft – 19 Airbus A380s and 16 Boeing

777-300ERs. At the same time, we retired 27 older aircraft, including our last

Airbus A330s and A340s. As a result, our total fleet size at the end of the

financial year came to 260, entirely comprised of Airbus A380s and Boeing 777s,

with the exception of two wet-leased Boeing 747-400 freighters and one Airbus

A319 used for Emirates Executive jet charters.

This investment in fleet renewal brought our average fleet age down to 63

months (5.3 years), significantly lower than the industry average of 140 months.

This young fleet age ensures that 100% of our aircraft are compliant with

International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) Chapter 4 standards for noise

and the applicable standards for aircraft engine emissions (note: figures exclude

the two wet-leased Boeing 747-400 freighters).

We expanded our network by adding six new passenger destinations and one

new freighter destination during the year, while increasing frequencies on nine

routes and upgrading capacity on several others. These additions brought our

net capacity up by 7.2%, measured in available tonne kilometres (ATKMs).

However, the average seat load factor fell slightly to 75.1%, compared with

76.5% the previous year, as consumer confidence and travel demand were hit

by a series of shocks during the year.

Jet fuel remains our largest single area of expenditure: in 2016-17, we spent

AED 21 billion on fuel (approximately US$ 5.7 billion), with fuel consumption

rising 8.7% to 10,998,480 tonnes in line with the growth in our network. Emirates

therefore has a comprehensive programme of identifying, implementing and

monitoring fuel optimisation opportunities, coordinated by a Fuel Optimisation

100% compliant with noisestandards

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Group that meets monthly. These initiatives include maximising use of

ground-supplied power at the airport gate instead of the aircraft auxiliary

power unit (APU), managing the quantity of potable water loaded for a flight,

reducing the operating weight of the aircraft by using modern lightweight

equipment, optimised flight planning, and aircraft operating techniques such

as using idle reverse thrust on landing and turning off one engine while

taxiing in.

Despite these efforts, we saw the impacts of the challenging business

environment and geopolitical events in our fuel efficiency results, which were

affected by the lower seat load factors and the longer flight times required

to avoid closed airspace over conflict areas. While we improved cargo fuel

efficiency by 1.2%, passenger fuel efficiency declined 1.2%, and combined

fuel efficiency (measured in litres per tonne-kilometre) declined 2.1%.

We are facing these challenges head-on, and all parts of the company are

focused on maintaining the resilience of the business, both commercially and

operationally, by investing in our people, technology and infrastructure.

Addressing Carbon Emissions

The Member States of ICAO made history when they reached agreement

on the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation

(CORSIA) at their 39th Assembly in Montreal in October 2016. CORSIA is

intended to address the growth in carbon emissions from international civil

aviation after 2020, but implementation will actually begin as early as 2019,

when international aircraft operators including Emirates will need to begin

monitoring emissions to collect data for the baseline.

Emirates supports the establishment of a single global measure to address

international aviation’s carbon emissions. While we are subject to – and are

fully compliant with – the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS),

CORSIA should remove the need for the ETS, and any other schemes, to

address carbon emissions from international aviation, including emissions from

flights between European countries. This is essential to avoid double counting

of emissions through overlapping administrative procedures. The ICAO

Assembly Resolution (A39-3) itself “determines that the CORSIA or any other

scheme decided by the Assembly is to be the market-based measure applying

to CO2 emissions from international aviation”.

CORSIA does not stand alone, but is just one of four pillars of the aviation

industry’s climate action. Emirates and our industry partners will continue to

prioritise investments and improvements in technology, operations and

infrastructure to minimise our carbon intensity.

Further information on CORSIA:

https://www.icao.int/environmental-protection/Pages/

market-based-measures.aspx

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https://www.icao.int/environmental-protection/Pages/market-based-measures.aspx

https://www.icao.int/environmental-protection/Pages/market-based-measures.aspx

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Every day, Emirates’ flights cross the airspace of many different countries,

facing a variety of air traffic and weather conditions en-route. However, despite

the global nature of aviation, the systems for transferring information between

all of the components of the aviation system – airline operators, flight crews, air

traffic management providers, meteorological services, and airports – are still

not standardised globally, resulting in missed opportunities for fuel-saving

routes and flight procedures.

Part of the solution to this problem lies in System-Wide Information

Management (SWIM), the ‘intranet of air traffic management’. SWIM presents

a common set of information exchange standards for aviation operational

information, enabling the right information to be delivered where it is needed

at the right time to provide the most efficient use of airspace while safely

managing air traffic and allowing pilots to avoid hazardous weather.

As a global airline, Emirates strongly supports the international efforts to make

SWIM a reality. In May 2016, we operated the first SWIM Global Demonstration

Flight on Emirates flight EK127 from Dubai to Vienna to put these concepts into

practice. Numerous stakeholders took part in the project, including the UAE’s

General Civil Aviation Authority (GCAA), Dubai Air Navigation Services (DANS),

EUROCONTROL and Austrocontrol.

This first demonstration flight took advantage of digital exchange of information,

including the flight plan, aeronautical information (Notices to Airmen, or NOTAMs),

weather information, and information on runway conditions at the destination, as

well as enabling additional checks for more fuel-efficient flight levels in UAE and

European airspace. Building on this demonstration flight, Emirates looks forward

to supporting the ongoing rollout of SWIM around the world, together with the

opportunities for enhanced efficiency that it offers.

SUPPORTING THE ‘INTRANET OF AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT’

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Keeping aircraft clean is an essential part of airline maintenance. A grimy exterior

not only looks unpleasant, it results in additional inflight fuel consumption due

to the additional wind resistance. In the past, all of Emirates’ aircraft were washed

in the traditional way, with large volumes of water applied at high pressure at

an outdoor washing bay. This type of wash would use up to 7,000 litres of water,

which is a precious resource in a desert environment. After a careful assessment

of the available options, Emirates Engineering introduced dry washing on

1 April 2016.

Dry washing is similar to polishing: a team of trained cleaners applies a

water-based cleaning solution and buffs the surface with special cloths. It not

only uses a fraction of the water required for a standard wash, it uses much less

chemical solution, and the cloths can be washed and reused.

The process applies a protective coating on the aircraft, which keeps the

aircraft cleaner for longer and has a glossier appearance. The end result is a

much higher quality finish, achieved through a process that saves some 11

million litres of water a year.

The dry wash process also saves considerable downtime. Previously, Emirates

Engineering had to schedule aircraft specially for washing in the dedicated

outdoor bay. Now, the dry wash can be undertaken in the hangar when an

aircraft is brought in for regular scheduled maintenance checks, reducing the

number of hours the aircraft is out of service.

Watch Emirates dry washing an A380:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FwPBXg8X66I

EMIRATES ENGINEERING

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FwPBXg8X66I

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3,100 kg of cans from Emirates flights recycled

Emirates introduced new blankets made from 100% recycled plastic bottles,

which are used in Economy Class on long-haul flights. The soft and warm

blankets, designed in partnership with inflight product specialists Buzz, are made

using ecoTHREAD™ patented technology: plastic bottles are first chipped, then

spun into yarn, which is then woven into blankets. Each blanket uses the plastic

from 28 recycled bottles.

We estimate that, by the end of 2019, the ecoTHREAD™ blankets would have

prevented 88 million plastic bottles from wastefully entering landfill – equivalent

to the weight of 44 Airbus A380 aircraft. The manufacturing process also reduces

emissions from energy consumption by 70% compared with manufacturing

using new plastic.

ecoTHREAD™ is certified with the Intertek Green Leaf Mark by third-party

testing and certification body Intertek and independently verified to use 100%

recycled materials.

See more on Emirates’ sustainable blankets:

https://youtu.be/iyoZnrIFaM4

Emirates Flight Catering is a large contributor to our recycling efforts.

Recyclable items are separated from galley waste after it is removed from

the aircraft, including plastic bottles, aluminium cans and aluminium foil. The

catering company donates a proportion of the recovered aluminium cans to

the Emirates Environmental Group’s regular can drives; in 2016-17, Emirates

Flight Catering donated more than 3,100 kg of cans from Emirates flights.

CABIN SERVICE AND CATERING

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https://youtu.be/iyoZnrIFaM4

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Aircraft Inoperation ChangefromMarch2016 Onfirmorder

A330-200 - -13 -

A340-300 - -4 -

A340-500 - -1 -

A380-800 94 19 48

B777-200ER - -6 -

B777-200LR 10 - -

B777-300 9 -3 -

B777-300ER 131 16 21

B777-8 / B777-9 - - 150

Total Passenger 244 8 219

B777-200LRF 13 - -

B747-400ERF (on wet lease) 2 - -

Total Cargo 15 - -

A319 ACJ 1 - -

Total Executive Charter 1 - -

Total 260 8 219

FLEET INFORMATION AS AT 31 MARCH 2017

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The Emirates Group has a diverse range of business operations

on the ground, ranging from airport ground and cargo handling,

through flight catering, to destination management and tour

operations. In addition, the Group has a large portfolio of facilities

in Dubai and internationally. Across the Group, our environmental

initiatives range from enhancing the efficiency and reducing the

impact of ground transportation, through to cutting electricity

consumption by retrofitting lighting.

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GROUNDOPERATIONSDNATA, EMIRATES AND GROUP SERVICES

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The Emirates Group’s Transport Services department completed the latest

phase of their ongoing staff transport optimisation programme when over 700

Dubai Airports staff based at Dubai International joined the Emirates Group staff

transportation scheme from 1 January 2017. Every year, the consolidated service

will eliminate 16,000 bus trips, cut distance travelled by 321,000 km, and reduce

our carbon footprint by 171 tonnes. As additional benefits, the project is helping

to reduce traffic congestion and emissions affecting local air quality, enhancing

the safety and comfort of staff, and reducing the cost of providing the service.

The innovative approach won the Transport Services department the Dubai

Award for Sustainable Transport in Mobility Management.

The Emirates Group has introduced a number of hybrid vehicles into its

transport fleet, supporting the direction of the Dubai Government’s Green

Mobility Initiative and helping to reduce carbon emissions by 63 tonnes a

year, as well as cutting air pollution. Further trials are under way of hybrids

in various operational areas.

dnata’s ground handling operations in Dubai and around the world have

been gradually replacing vehicles and ground service equipment with electric

equipment, reducing emissions of carbon dioxide and other pollutants. The

Amsterdam cargo-handling operation replaced diesel equipment with electric

and cleaner-burning liquid petroleum gas (LPG) equipment, and they are

looking forward to introducing more electrically-powered equipment for the

passenger operation over the coming year. Electric ground equipment and

vehicles are also in use in Switzerland and Singapore airport operations, and

there are plans to extend both the fleet of vehicles and the locations where

they are deployed.

In Paris, Emirates rolled out an electric car for our operations on the ramp

at Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport. The Bolloré Bluecar’s 30 kWh battery, which

uses lithium metal polymer technology, features a range of up to 250 km

on a single charge.

GROUND TRANSPORTATION

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Leading into the Year of Tourism for Sustainable Development, dnata’s

Destination and Leisure Management division – trading as Arabian Adventures

and Gulf Ventures – had its verified carbon footprint recertified under the

Enviro-Mark Certified Emissions Reduction and Management (CEMARS) scheme.

CEMARS certification indicates that the greenhouse gas emissions associated

with Arabian Adventures’/Gulf Ventures’ operations have been measured and

independently verified in accordance with international standards. It also

recognises the business division’s commitment to continuously managing and

reducing its emissions.

Arabian Adventures has been CEMARS-certified since 2009. In 2016,

Arabian Adventures merged its operations with Gulf Ventures under the

Destination and Leisure Management division of dnata. Destination and Leisure

Management provides a full range of destination management services in the

UAE, including desert camping tours in the Dubai Desert Conservation Reserve

where the environmental impact is carefully managed.

https://www.enviro-mark.com/our-members/members/arabian-adventures

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM

CEMARScertified

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https://www.enviro-mark.com/our-members/members/arabian-adventures

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Light emitting diode (LED) lighting is helping the Group to make increasing

savings in electricity across our network. In Romania, for example, LED lighting

is saving dnata subsidiary Alpha Catering between 50% and 60% of their

electricity consumption for lighting compared with conventional fluorescent

tubes. In dnata’s Melbourne and Sydney cargo facilities, energy savings of 50%

and 40% respectively have been achieved by switching to LED lighting, amongst

other initiatives.

Emirates Engineering has installed LED lighting in their engineering hangars, as

well as in warehouses where they are activated by motion sensors. In addition,

engineers are using LED lights for aircraft cabin maintenance – where they have

the added advantage of being much cooler than the lights they replaced. Their

various energy-saving initiatives are saving more than 237 MWh of electricity a

month compared with consumption using the older light fittings.

We also monitor the electricity generated by our 1 megawatt solar array at the

Emirates Engine Maintenance Centre, which we reported on in 2015-16. Over

the year 2016-17, the installation generated 1,403 MWh of electricity, reducing

the demand for grid-supplied energy at the centre as well as the associated

carbon emissions.

A ‘Think before you print’ campaign driven by our Information Technology

department led to a huge reduction in print volumes. From its launch in October

2016 to the end of the financial year, we recorded a 33% dip in print volumes,

saving millions of pages, hundreds of trees, and an estimated 2.5 million kWh of

electricity. Printers are set to double-sided and greyscale printing as the default,

and the campaign encourages everyone to print documents only if needed. The

IT department monitors progress and reports on performance to all staff, so that

everyone can see how their actions contribute to the results.

BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

237MWh of electricitysaved a month

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Emirates continued its strong support for actions

to stem the illegal trade in wildlife and wildlife

products, which is having devastating consequences

for wildlife and the environment in many parts of

the world.


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One of the largest known aircraft models in the world, the Emirates A380

model is built to an exact 1:3 scale of a real A380 – the same size as a Boeing

737 – and weighs more than 45 tonnes. We also contribute to wider industry

and government efforts through participation on IATA’s International Wildlife Task

Force and the Consultative Body of the United States Agency for International

Development (USAID) ROUTES programme, Reducing Opportunities for

Unlawful Transport of Endangered Species (ROUTES).

Watch Emirates applying wildlife decals onto A380s:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Au787yuvso

We unveiled our fifth A380 emblazoned with special livery in support of

United for Wildlife – an alliance between seven of the world’s most influential

conservation organisations and The Royal Foundation of the Duke and Duchess

of Cambridge and Prince Harry. Unlike the previous four aircraft, this latest

Emirates “United for Wildlife” A380 is featured in situ, at the traffic roundabout

leading to London Heathrow Airport. This is a highly visible site that reaches

over a million international travellers and their families and friends annually.

United Against The Illegal Wildlife Trade

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Au787yuvso

26

The Emirates Group funds the operations of the 225 km2 Dubai Desert

Conservation Reserve (DDCR), a representative inland desert habitat that has

been protected by government mandate since 2003.

In 2016, 85 mm of rainfall turned the desert green over winter, providing a

bonanza for the animals of the reserve. Bird life was abundant, and three desert

eagle owl nests were observed, while six short-eared owls, a rare visitor to the

UAE, were seen in January 2017. The reserve’s houbara bustard reintroduction

programme continued in conjunction with the National Avian Research Centre,

with 300 birds released in February 2017. Two nests were seen in March 2017,

making this the second year in a row that evidence of houbara breeding has

been sighted.

The DDCR again hosted a volunteer programme operated by Biosphere

Expeditions. This cooperative programme has been operating since 2012,

and provides the opportunity for volunteer participants to gather data on a

range of wildlife species, all of which assists in the conservation management

of the reserve. The DDCR also established a partnership with the Goumbook

Give-a-Ghaf tree planting programme and Dubai-based culinary tour

operator Frying Pan Adventures, through which visitors to the reserve planted

a total of 200 ghaf trees. The hardy ghaf tree is indigenous to the UAE, but has

faced threats to its survival. Goumbook, together with partners such as the

DDCR, has been working to reinvigorate awareness of the ghaf tree’s unique

value and ecological role.

DUBAI DESERT CONSERVATION RESERVE

26

300 houbara bustardsreleased

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27

The DDCR was honoured to host the President of the International Union for the

Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Mr Zhang Xinsheng, during a UAE IUCN National

Committee Meeting in November 2016. The IUCN is the largest conservation

organisation in the world, with over 200 State or Government members, over

1,000 non-governmental organisation members, and more than 16,000 voluntary

experts in its six commissions.

Discoveries continue to be made in the DDCR. Visiting researchers identified a

new species of Palarus wasp, not previously known to science, and which was

found on the flowers of desert shrubs. 1

In another project, researchers from the DDCR, Zayed University and the

Sharjah Research Academy used a drone to test the viability of low altitude

aerial photography for plant biodiversity monitoring. Drones present a

potential relatively low-cost alternative to labour-intensive ground-based

monitoring. Measurement of plant biodiversity is an important indicator of

animal grazing and its impacts on the health of protected desert shrublands.

Although they found plant species identification from drone imagery to be less

accurate than ground-based assessment, use of the drones meant that they

could collect data from a large area in a short period of time, as well as

assess the data remotely. 2

http://www.ddcr.org

1 Pulawski, Wojciech J. and Sarah K. Gess, 2016, A new species of the Genus Palarus (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae), Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Vol. 63, No. 16, pp. 581-588.

2 Gallacher, David, Tamer Khafaga, Tamer Mahmoud Ahmed, and Hatem A. Shabana, 2016, Plant species identification via drone images in an arid shrubland, Proceedings of the 10th International Rangeland Congress, pp. 981-982.

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http://www.ddcr.org

28

Emirates One&Only Wolgan Valley, our conservation-based resort in New South

Wales, Australia, continued its support for research that is helping to protect

Australia’s unique native wildlife. The resort has also maintained its carboNZero

carbon neutral certification through Enviro-Mark Solutions.

Wildlife

The WomSAT citizen science app, developed by the University of Western

Sydney with financial support from Emirates airline and Emirates One&Only

Wolgan Valley, recorded nearly 6,000 wombat sightings by the end of March

2017. Data collected from the app is helping researchers to identify opportunities

and challenges for wombat conservation, in particular distribution of sarcoptic

mange, an unpleasant and often fatal skin disease caused by tiny mites.

Research students at the University of Western Sydney are undertaking field

research on wombat biology in the Wolgan Valley reserve, while also making use

of the data recorded on WomSAT. Meanwhile, the Emirates One&Only Wolgan

Valley field guides work hard to raise awareness of the devastating impact of

sarcoptic mange, and guests can contribute by participating in wombat surveys

and logging their sightings on WomSAT.

https://www.womsat.org.au

EMIRATES ONE&ONLY WOLGAN VALLEY

28

6,000 wombat sightings

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https://www.womsat.org.au

29

Ecological Restoration

As part of the scheduled conservation activities arranged at the Emirates

One&Only Wolgan Valley, guests help field guides to collect seed from native

trees and shrubs, which is then propagated by a local community-run nursery

to support future tree planting efforts. Target species have included Callistemon

(bottle brush), Leptospermum (tea tree) and several species of Acacia (wattle)

and Eucalyptus (gum tree).

These efforts to restore the native vegetation are paying off. In early 2017,

there were confirmed sightings of the critically endangered regent honeyeater

in the reserve. Once seen overhead in flocks of hundreds across south-eastern

Australia, the regent honeyeater bird now numbers between just 800-2,000

individuals. Provision of suitable habitat is essential for the long-term survival

of species such as this.

https://www.oneandonlyresorts.com/one-and-only-wolgan-valley-australia

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https://www.oneandonlyresorts.com/one-and-only-wolgan-valley-australia

30 30

First launched back in 2013, ‘A Greener Tomorrow’

provides a share of up to US$150,000 in funding

to not-for-profit organisations across the world

working innovatively to safeguard and improve

their local environments.

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31

Applications for funding were initially assessed by a committee comprised

of senior executives from the Emirates Group and members of the Environment

team. Shortlisted applicants were then invited to present their project proposal

in detail to the committee for further evaluation in order to select the winners,

which are presented below.

For further details on ‘A Greener Tomorrow’ and videos:

https://www.emirates.com/english/environment/greener-tomorrow/

greener-tomorrow.aspx

The funds awarded are raised through the Emirates Group’s various recycling

programmes. Following the overwhelming response received for the initiative

in its first year, Emirates decided to continue the programme for a second time

in 2016.

The winners of the second round of ‘A Greener Tomorrow’ were three

not-for-profit organisations working in wildlife protection and environmental

conservation in Africa. The three winners, selected from a global pool of

applicants working towards environmental sustainability and conservation, were:

Southern African Wildlife College Trust; Southern African Foundation for the

Conservation of Coastal Birds; and African Parks.

A Greener TomorrowOVERVIEW


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https://www.emirates.com/english/environment/greener-tomorrow/greener-tomorrow.aspx

https://www.emirates.com/english/environment/greener-tomorrow/greener-tomorrow.aspx

32

SAWCT was established in 1996 by the World Wide Fund for Nature, South

Africa (WWF South Africa). Since its start in 1996, the College has trained close

to 15,000 students from 46 countries in natural resource management and

conservation practices.

Through funding from ‘A Greener Tomorrow’, SAWCT will provide three

scholarships and two bursaries for their certificate programmes in nature

conservation to students who already work in the conservation area but who

do not have formal educational qualifications to advance their careers. These

qualifications will help students move into roles such as wildlife area managers,

park rangers and senior field rangers, working to protect wildlife parks within

southern Africa.

http://www.wildlifecollege.org.za

https://youtu.be/t2wMGi9ttdU

SOUTHERN AFRICAN WILDLIFE COLLEGE TRUST (SAWCT)

32

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http://www.wildlifecollege.org.za

https://youtu.be/t2wMGi9ttdU

33

SANCCOB is a marine non-profit organisation based in South Africa which

protects, treats and conserves seabirds and endangered species such as the

African penguin.

It is recognised internationally as a leader in the field of seabird rehabilitation

with veterinary staff working around the clock, 365 days a year, to provide the

best care to the ill, injured, abandoned and oiled African penguins and other

seabirds that are admitted to its two centres annually. Funding from ‘A Greener

Tomorrow’ will go towards helping support SANCCOB’s rehabilitation,

protection, research and chick-rearing programmes.

https://sanccob.co.za

https://youtu.be/auBsn3pll-k

SOUTHERN AFRICAN FOUNDATION FOR THE CONSERVATION OF COASTAL BIRDS (SANCCOB)

33

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https://sanccob.co.za

https://youtu.be/auBsn3pll-k

34

African Parks is a not-for-profit organisation established in 2000 that takes on

the direct, long-term management of national parks and protected areas in

partnership with governments in order to save wildlife, restore landscapes and

ensure sustainable livelihoods for local communities.

African Parks will use the funding from ‘A Greener Tomorrow’ to support

educational development within the Barotse community who live within Liuwa

Plain National Park in Zambia.

African Parks will provide educational tablet computers and employ additional

teaching assistants within the schools in the park. Improved access to education

is expected to decrease the pressure on the wildlife and natural resources of

the park.

http://www.african-parks.org

https://youtu.be/Mq6jtQVbuOA

AFRICAN PARKS

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http://www.african-parks.org

https://youtu.be/Mq6jtQVbuOA

35

Under the patronage of His Highness Sheikh Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum,

Chairman and Chief Executive, Emirates Airline and Group, the Emirates Airline

Foundation is a non-profit charity organisation which provides humanitarian and

philanthropic aid and services for children in need. The Foundation, made up of

volunteer employees and friends of the Emirates Group, is funded by generous

donations of money and Skywards Miles from passengers and staff.

Here are some of the projects the Foundation sponsored during the year. For

more information, please see the Foundation website:

http://www.emiratesairlinefoundation.org

St Marcellins Children’s Village, Harare, Zimbabwe

St. Marcellins Children’s Village in Harare, Zimbabwe, cares for nearly 80

orphaned and homeless children in need. Many of the children have special

needs including physical disabilities, blindness and human immunodeficiency

virus (HIV). The Emirates Airline Foundation sponsors the running costs of

this home, which include educational and medical expenses.

The Foundation has been supporting St Marcellins since 2013 and the

progress has been remarkable. Most of the children are doing well academically,

having completed their “O” level and “A” level examinations, and others have

been enrolled in vocational schools.

Emirates Airline Foundation

35

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http://www.emiratesairlinefoundation.org

36

Little Prince Primary School, Nairobi, Kenya

The Little Prince Nursery and Primary School provides a holistic education to

the underprivileged, and rehabilitates street children from the Kibera slum in

Nairobi, Kenya. Little Prince provides support and education to children in need,

who are at high risk and living in extreme poverty.

Since 2014, the Emirates Airline Foundation has sponsored the meals

programme at the school, which provides breakfast and mid-day meals to

around 400 children. Through the programme, the school is able to offer

students nutritionally-balanced meals, thereby keeping student attendance up

and improving their ability to concentrate on their studies.

3,000 girls receivingprimaryeducation

IIMPACT India Girls Education project

IIMPACT is an organisation committed to providing educational opportunities

to girls from socially and economically disadvantaged communities in India,

educating girls in 1,100 villages in 11 states of India. The organisation creates

small but impactful learning centres across the country, in an effort to overcome

illiteracy, empower women and improve education for future generations.

Funding from the Emirates Airline Foundation will deliver primary education

for more than 3,000 girls.

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IIMPACT India is transforming the lives of thousands of young girls and

women in rural areas and breaking the cycle of poverty by reducing gender

disparity in schools, and ensuring increased participation of children, families

and communities in plans and actions for holistic education. The Foundation is

proud to be associated with this India-based non-governmental organisation,

which is transforming communities in ways that best suit their needs. Literacy

is now being seen as the most powerful tool to advance social progress by the

families and communities touched by this powerful project.

Saint Rita’s Orphanage, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

The Emirates Airline Foundation is pleased to begin a partnership with Saint

Rita’s Orphanage in Rio de Janeiro, our first in South America, in 2017. This

Centre is managed by the Franciscan Sisters and provides assistance to 94

female children and adolescents aged four to 12 years, mostly orphans or from

12 disadvantaged neighbourhoods of the city.

37

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38

anti-poaching unit, helped with the refurbishment of a school nursery, and

volunteered with the educational programme run by the not-for-profit

organisation Nourish.

Our volunteer base in the UAE contributed their skills and expertise to support

local shelters and special needs facilities. This year, our employees participated in

and organised donation drives in support of various organisations and initiatives,

including the Emirates Red Crescent, Ramadan campaigns that contributed over

8,000 food packs, awareness sessions, and relief efforts in Sri Lanka to support

those impacted by devastating floods.

Across our global network, colleagues in the Philippines, Australia, Netherlands,

Switzerland, and the United Kingdom participated in recycling initiatives, personal

challenges, and awareness sessions, and raised funds for a variety of causes

and charities.

During 2016-17, employee-driven initiatives and programmes within our global

network raised over AED 1 million for causes and charities supported by the

dnata community. The total amount of donations raised and matched by the

company reached AED 3 million.

2016 saw the completion of the fifth dnata4good school building project

under the Dubai Cares – Adopt a School programme. Through funds raised

by dnata4good and help from our employee volunteers, a new school in

Sundarbasti, Nepal, was completed in June 2016 and will help educate some

110 students. The school will also provide women with access to adult literacy

classes run in partnership with the local community.

In November, our dnata volunteer group joined the South Africa wildlife

conservation trek programme for the first time. Our employees volunteered

their time at the local wildlife orphanage, visited and learnt from the local

dnata4goodOVERVIEW


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ENVIRONMENTAL DATAThe Environmental Data tables in this section cover the following business operations:

• Emirates’ fleet operations (passenger and cargo, the latter flown under the Emirates SkyCargo brand).

• dnata operations in Dubai (aircraft ground handling, cargo and travel services).

• Emirates and dnata commercial buildings in Dubai, including offices, training colleges, flight catering, laundry services, warehouses,

IT and engineering services.

• Emirates Aviation University.

• Emirates Flight Catering.

• SkyCargo truck feeder service between Dubai International Airport and Al Maktoum International Airport.

Environmental impacts associated with the following activities of the Emirates Group were not included:

• Fully- and partly-owned Emirates companies in the categories of air transportation and related services, consumer goods, hotel operations,

and food and beverage operations.

• Outstations and the airline’s offices and ground-based activities outside of the UAE.

• Partly- and wholly-owned dnata ground handling, cargo, catering and travel services outside of Dubai.

• Partly-owned dnata freight-forwarding and security companies in the UAE.

• Other SkyCargo trucking services.

For definitions of the metrics in these tables, please see Appendix 1 – Reporting Guidelines and Methodology.

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Note on waste data: Due to unavailability of complete and accurate data on volumes of waste sent to landfill, we have elected to exclude this metric from the

Environmental Report this year. We will be working to quantify landfill waste volumes in the coming year.

Note on Scope 3 emissions: Because the majority of staff duty travel is on Emirates’ own services, most of the emissions associated with this travel are already

accounted for in our Scope 1 emissions. Therefore, we do not report duty travel-related Scope 3 emissions.

Global Reporting InitiativeThis material references the following disclosures from the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Standards:

Standard Disclosure Comments

GRI 302: Energy 2016 302-1: Energy consumption within the organisation

302-3: Energy intensity ratio Electricity consumption per head of staff

GRI 303: Water 2016 303-1: Water withdrawal by source UAE water consumption is from desalinated water supplied

by the municipal water provider

GRI 304: Biodiversity 2016 304-3: Habitats protected or restored Dubai Desert Conservation Reserve (225 km2, Dubai, UAE) and

Emirates One&Only Wolgan Valley (28 km2 under management,

New South Wales, Australia)

GRI 305: Emissions 2016 305-1: Direct (Scope 1) GHG emissions

305-2: Energy indirect (Scope 2) GHG emissions

305-4: GHG emissions intensity Passenger, freighter, and combined CO2 efficiency (flight operations)

305-7: Nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur oxides (SOx), and other NOx, carbon monoxide (CO) and unburnt hydrocarbons

significant air emissions (UHCs) from aircraft engines over the landing and takeoff

(LTO) cycle, under 3,000 feet

ENVIRONMENTAL DATA

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Emirates Airline – Flight operations

Metric Unit 2016-17 2015-16 2014-15 2016-17 % change Verified 1

Jet fuel and CO2

Jet fuel consumption tonnes 10,998,480 10,121,987 8,975,666 8.7 ♦

CO2 emissions tonnes 34,645,211 31,884,260 28,273,348 8.7 ♦

Passenger fuel efficiency L/100PK 4.25 4.20 3.99 1.2 ♦

Freighter fuel efficiency L/FTK 0.1781 0.1803 0.1820 -1.2 ♦

Combined fuel efficiency L/TK 0.3339 0.3269 0.3057 2.1 ♦

Passenger CO2 efficiency g CO2 / PK 105.1 103.9 98.6 1.2 ♦

Freighter CO2 efficiency g CO2 / FTK 440.4 445.8 449.1 -1.2 ♦

Combined CO2 efficiency kg CO2 / TK 0.826 0.808 0.756 2.2 ♦

Local Air Quality Emissions

Aircraft compliant with Annex 16 Vol II Standards 2 % 100 100 100 0.0

NOx emissions (landing and take-off cycle) tonnes < 3,000 ft 13,791 12,633 11,255 9.2

CO emissions (landing and take-off cycle) tonnes < 3,000 ft 9,260 8,120 7,082 14.0

UHC emissions (landing and take-off cycle) tonnes < 3,000 ft 1,018 876 754 16.2

Fleet margins below regulatory limits for NOx 2 % -9.44 -8.98 -8.84 -0.46 percentage points

Fleet margins below regulatory limits for CO 2 % -56.21 -58.65 -59.70 2.44 percentage points

Fleet margins below regulatory limits for UHC 2 % -63.64 -66.19 -67.52 2.55 percentage points

Noise

Aircraft compliant with Annex 16 Vol I Chapter 4 Standards 2 % 100 100 100 0.0

Fleet cumulative margin to Chapter 4 2 EPNdB -10.85 -10.31 -9.95 -5.2

Fleet cumulative margin to Chapter 4 (percentage) 2 % -6.71 -6.55 -6.44 -0.16 percentage points

1 The metrics marked ♦ are covered by PwC’s assurance procedures (see PwC assurance report on pages 52-53).2 Excludes wet-leased B747-400 freighters.

ENVIRONMENTAL DATA

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ENVIRONMENTAL DATA

Emirates Group – Ground operations

Metric Unit 2016-17 2015-16 2014-15 2016-17 % change

Fuel

Diesel litres 35,703,376 34,759,531 30,014,809 2.7

Petrol litres 13,457,778 17,841,749 14,074,343 -24.6

Associated CO2 emissions tonnes 126,403 135,244 113,693 -6.5

Electricity

Electricity consumption MWh 299,225 261,280 212,487 14.5

Associated CO2 emissions tonnes 209,458 182,896 148,741 14.5

Electricity consumption per head of staff kWh/head/day 11.6 10.4 1 9.9 11.5

Water

Water consumption ML 3,042.1 2,849.4 2,621.6 6.8

Associated CO2 emissions (desalinated water) tonnes 45,632 42,741 39,324 6.8

Water consumption per head of staff litres/head/day 118.1 113.7 1 122.5 3.9

1 Recalculated from the 2015-16 Environmental Report due to error in staff numbers.

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Emirates Group – CO2 emissions and energy

Metric Unit 2016-17 2015-16 2014-15 2016-17 % change

CO2 emissions

Scope 1

Flight operations tonnes 34,645,211 31,884,260 28,273,348 8.7

Ground operations tonnes 126,403 135,244 113,693 -6.5

Total Scope 1 emissions tonnes 34,771,614 32,019,504 28,387,041 8.6

Scope 2

Electricity tonnes 299,225 261,280 212,487 14.5

Desalinated water tonnes 45,632 42,741 39,324 6.8

Total Scope 2 emissions tonnes 344,857 304,021 251,811 13.4

Total CO2 emissions tonnes 35,116,471 32,323,525 28,638,852 8.6

Energy consumption

Energy from fuel consumption ( jet fuel, diesel, petrol) TJ 484,809 446,425 395,779 8.6

Energy from electricity consumption TJ 1,077 941 765 14.5

Total energy consumption TJ 485,886 447,366 396,544 8.6

ENVIRONMENTAL DATA

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Fuel jettison

Fuel is only jettisoned in an in-flight emergency situation when it is necessary to lower the aircraft weight to ensure a safe landing.

Materials recycled (in tonnes)

Reason for 2016-17 fuel jettison No. of events

Medical reasons 11

Technical reasons 4

Other operational reasons 1

Total events 16

Jettisoned fuel (tonnes) 389.5

Material 2016-17 2015-16

Paper and cardboard 3,023.0 3,281.4

Plastic - all types including plastic bottles and polycarbonate 45.7 12.6

IT and e-waste 68.5 79.3

Oil 33.1 35.6

Aluminium - foil, cans, aviation grade 2017A alloy 7.2 11.0

Steel - scrap and cans 27.8 17.1

Textiles 0.5 0.0

Wood 2.4 0.0

Total 3,208.2 1 3,437.0

1 A key factor influencing the fall in recycling volumes

is our introduction of measures to reduce resource

consumption, such as the “Think before you print”

campaign, which reduced office paper consumption

by 33%.

ENVIRONMENTAL DATA

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APPENDIX 1 REPORTING GUIDELINES AND METHODOLOGY

The 2016-17 Emirates Group Environmental Report covers the Emirates Group’s Financial Year, from 1 April 2016 to 31 March 2017.

References to Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions within this report are based on definitions from the Greenhouse Gas Protocol – revised edition (2012).

The methodology for the calculation of selected flight operations metrics was taken into account by PwC in their assurance procedures

(see PwC assurance report on pages 52-53).

We have requested PwC to provide assurance over the following metrics, which are deemed most material to our environmental performance:

i. Total fuel consumption of the airline (aircraft fuel consumption only);

ii. Total CO2 emissions of the airline (aircraft emissions only);

iii. Fuel efficiency of the airline, in terms of litres per 100 passenger kilometres, litres per freight tonne kilometre and litres per total

tonne kilometre (aircraft fuel consumption only);

iv. CO2 efficiency of the airline in terms of grams of CO2 per passenger kilometre, grams of CO2 per freight tonne kilometre and

kilograms of CO2 per total tonne kilometre (aircraft emissions only).

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Flight Operations Metrics

Emirates’ Flight Operations team calculated the following environmental

performance metrics.

JetFuel,CarbonDioxideEmissionsandFuelEfficiency

Scope: All flights flown by aircraft with the Emirates International Civil Aviation

Organisation (ICAO) call sign (scheduled and unscheduled services, passenger

and cargo operations, including wet-leased cargo aircraft).

Total Fuel Consumption (for all Emirates aircraft) (tonnes)

Method: European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) “Method B”

formula, where the fuel consumption on the chosen sector equals the fuel

remaining in the aircraft’s tanks from the previous sector plus the total fuel uplift

on the chosen sector, minus the fuel remaining at the end of the sector.

This method is used in order to capture the fuel consumption by the aircraft’s

auxiliary power unit (APU) on the ground.

Data gaps and erroneous data are handled using substitution data as

close to actual values as possible.

Fuel mass is converted to volume using a factor of 0.785 kg per litre,

which is the average value across Emirates’ network according to fuel

supplier data.

Total Carbon Dioxide (for all Emirates aircraft)

3.15 kg CO2 per kg of jet fuel burnt (industry standard emissions factor).

Total Number of Passengers and Passenger Weight

Passenger numbers are obtained from the Emirates check-in system, and

include all adult and child passengers as well as non-revenue passengers.

Infants and crew on duty are excluded.

The standard mass assigned to each type of passenger (male, female, child,

infant) is approved by the UAE General Civil Aviation Authority (GCAA).

Infants are included in the total passenger weight.

Payload

The total mass of passengers (calculated as described above), baggage,

excess checked baggage, cargo and courier load, aggregated in tonnes.

The figures

are calculated based on actual data from passenger check-in and SkyCargo

operational procedures and databases. Includes non-revenue cargo.

Calculations and estimates are used to fill any data gaps.

APPENDIX 1

OVERVIEW


THE LEADERSHIP TEAM


FLIGHT OPERATIONS

GROUND OPERATIONS


COMMUNITY

ENVIRONMENTAL DATA

APPENDIX 1

APPENDIX 2

ASSURANCE REPORT

47

APPENDIX 1

Distance

Planned Equivalent Still Air Distance (ESAD), which is the planned actual ground

distance (from the Emirates flight planning system) corrected for the wind effect.

A factor of 1.852 is used to convert nautical miles (NM) into kilometres (km).

Great Circle Distance (GCD) is used to estimate flying distances for wet-leased

cargo aircraft, because Emirates does not have access to the flight planning

information of the third-party operators.

Tonne-Kilometres (TK)

The payload of the aircraft in tonnes (including non-revenue cargo) multiplied

by the distance flown in kilometres.

PassengerFuelEfficiency(Emiratespassengerflights)

(L per 100 PK)

Total amount of fuel in litres consumed by all passenger aircraft divided by

100 passenger-kilometres flown. Excludes the fuel consumed to carry cargo

and baggage.

CargoFuelEfficiency(EmiratesSkyCargoflights)

(L per FTK)

Total amount of fuel in litres consumed by all cargo aircraft divided

by tonne-kilometres. Excludes freight carried in the cargo holds of

passenger aircraft.

OverallFleetFuelEfficiency(AllEmiratesflights)

(L per TK)

Total amount of fuel consumed by all Emirates aircraft divided by total

tonne-kilometres (passengers and cargo).

PassengerCarbonDioxideEfficiency

(Emiratespassengerflights)(gCO2 per PK)

Passenger Fuel Efficiency x (0.785 x 3.15 x 1000) / 100

Where 0.785 is Emirates’ average fuel density in kg per litre.

CargoCarbonDioxideEfficiency

(EmiratesSkyCargoflights)(gCO2 per FTK)

Cargo Fuel Efficiency x (0.785 x 3.15 x 1000)

CombinedFleetCarbonDioxideEfficiency

(allEmiratesflights)(kgCO2 per TK)

Combined Fleet Fuel Efficiency x (0.785 x 3.15)

Other Engine Emissions

Scope: Emirates passenger and cargo aircraft (metrics relating to regulatory

limits exclude wet-leased cargo aircraft).

Emissions: Oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and unburnt

hydrocarbons (UHCs).

OVERVIEW


THE LEADERSHIP TEAM


FLIGHT OPERATIONS

GROUND OPERATIONS


COMMUNITY

ENVIRONMENTAL DATA

APPENDIX 1

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48

LandingandTake-Off(LTO)CycleEmissionsfor

Emirates Aircraft (tonnes below 3,000 ft)

The sum of total flights for each aircraft type multiplied by the number of

engines on that aircraft type, multiplied by the manufacturer’s published LTO

cycle emissions data for that engine type. The LTO cycle is defined by the

industry as all operations below 3,000 feet altitude.

Compliance Margins Relative to Regulatory Limits

(ICAO Annex 16 Volume II Standards)

Margins against regulatory limits are sourced directly from the ICAO engine

emissions databank, and presented by weighted fleet average. Excludes

wet-leased cargo aircraft.

Percentage of Aircraft Compliant with Regulatory Limits

(ICAO Annex 16 Volume II Standards)

The number of aircraft compliant with ICAO Annex 16 Volume II

regulatory limits is given as a percentage of the whole fleet. Excludes

wet-leased cargo aircraft.

Aircraft Noise

Scope: Emirates passenger and cargo aircraft, excluding wet-leased

cargo aircraft.

Compliance Margins Relative to Regulatory Limits (ICAO Annex

16 Volume I Chapter 4 Standards)

The cumulative margins of Lateral, Fly-over and Approach noise levels of

Emirates aircraft are compared against ICAO noise level Standards (ICAO

Annex 16 Volume I Chapter 4), and presented by weighted fleet average.

Percentage of Aircraft Compliant with Regulatory Limits (ICAO

Annex 16 Volume I Chapter 4 Standards)

The number of aircraft compliant with ICAO Annex 16 Volume I Chapter 4

regulatory limits is given as a percentage of the whole fleet.

Fuel Jettison Events

Scope: Emirates passenger and cargo aircraft, excluding wet-leased

cargo aircraft.

Fuel jettison event data was extracted from the Group Safety database

together with Flight Operations fuel data. The number of events per

reason for fuel jettison is recorded, along with the total tonnes of fuel

jettisoned.

APPENDIX 1

OVERVIEW


THE LEADERSHIP TEAM


FLIGHT OPERATIONS

GROUND OPERATIONS


COMMUNITY

ENVIRONMENTAL DATA

APPENDIX 1

APPENDIX 2

ASSURANCE REPORT

49

Ground Operations Metrics

Scope: Commercial operations in Dubai.

Fuel Consumption (litres) and CO2 Emissions (tonnes)

Fuel consumption for the ground operations fleet was collected directly from

monthly departmental records for each vehicle.

CO2 emissions were calculated using the US Environment Protection Agency

(EPA) Emission Factors for Greenhouse Gas Inventories (https://www.epa.gov/

sites/production/files/2015-07/documents/emission-factors_2014.pdf ):

Petrol: 8.78 kg CO2 per US gallon, or 2.32 kg CO2 per litre

Diesel: 10.21 kg CO2 per US gallon, or 2.70 kg CO2 per litre

Fuel Consumption per Head of Staff (litres/head/day)

The annual fuel consumed (in litres) by all the business units, facilities and

geographical locations included in the scope of this report, divided by the

number of all staff based at those units, facilities and locations.

Electricity Consumption in Megawatt Hours (MWh)

Extracted from billing information provided by Dubai Electricity and Water

Authority (DEWA) to Group entities. In cases where electricity consumption billing

data was not available, a monthly average consumption figure was calculated.

CO2 Emissions Due to Electricity Consumption (tonnes)

Total megawatt hours multiplied by the carbon dioxide emissions factor

assigned to the local method of power generation, following the

location-based method of the amended Greenhouse Gas Protocol Scope 2

Guidance (note we have only reported CO2 emissions, not CO2e, i.e. we have

not included emissions factors for other greenhouse gases). The carbon

dioxide emissions factor applied in Dubai was 0.700 kg CO2/kWh for

DEWA-supplied electricity.

ElectricityConsumptionperHeadofStaff(kWh/head/day)

The total annual electricity consumption by all the business units, facilities

and locations included in the scope of this report, divided by the number of

staff based at those units, facilities and locations.

Water Consumption in Megalitres (ML)

Extracted from billing information provided by DEWA to Group entities.

Tonnes of CO2 Emissions Due to Electricity Consumption from the

Desalination Process (tonnes)

Volume of water consumed (in cubic metres) multiplied by a carbon dioxide

emissions factor of 15 kg of carbon dioxide per cubic metre of water

(Arab Forum for Environment and Development, 2010).

APPENDIX 1

OVERVIEW


THE LEADERSHIP TEAM


FLIGHT OPERATIONS

GROUND OPERATIONS


COMMUNITY

ENVIRONMENTAL DATA

APPENDIX 1

APPENDIX 2

ASSURANCE REPORT

50

Water Consumption per Head of Staff (litres/head/day)

The total annual water consumption by all the business units, facilities and loca-

tions included in the scope of this report, divided by the number of

staff based at those units, facilities and locations.

Recycled Materials (tonnes)

Mass of individual recycling streams as reported by recycling contractors.

CO2 Emissions from Ground Operations (tonnes)

Total tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions from the Group’s ground operations,

calculated by summing the total reported quantity from each source

of emissions.

Energy Consumption (TJ)

Total energy consumption calculated by summing the energy content of fuels

and electricity consumed.

Fuel quantities in litres were first converted to kilograms using density values in

the International Energy Agency Energy Statistics Manual (https://www.iea.org/

publications/freepublications/publication/statistics_manual.pdf ), except for jet

fuel where we used the Emirates average network density of 0.785 kg/l.

The mass of each fuel was then converted to energy using the net calorific

values in the International Energy Agency Energy Statistics Manual.

Conversion factors used:

Fuel Density(kg/m3) Netcalorificvalue(GJ/t)

Petrol 740.7 45.03

Diesel 843.9 43.38

Jet fuel 785.0 43.92

Electricity in megawatt-hours was converted to terajoules using the conversion

factor of 3.6 TJ / GWh (source: International Energy Agency Energy

Statistics Manual).

APPENDIX 1

OVERVIEW


THE LEADERSHIP TEAM


FLIGHT OPERATIONS

GROUND OPERATIONS


COMMUNITY

ENVIRONMENTAL DATA

APPENDIX 1

APPENDIX 2

ASSURANCE REPORT

51

APPENDIX 2 ABBREVIATIONS AND REFERENCES

List of abbreviations

AED United Arab Emirates dirham

ASK available seat kilometres

ASPIRE Asia and South Pacific Initiative to Reduce Emissions

ATK available tonne kilometres

ATM air traffic management

CAEP Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection

CO carbon monoxide

CO2 carbon dioxide

CORSIA Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation

DDCR Dubai Desert Conservation Reserve

DEWA Dubai Electricity and Water Authority

EKFC Emirates Flight Catering

EPNdb effective perceived noise level in decibels

EU ETS European Union Emissions Trading System

g CO2/FTK grams of CO2 per freight tonne kilometre

g CO2/PK grams of CO2 per passenger kilometre

GCAA General Civil Aviation Authority

GHG greenhouse gas emissions

GRI Global Reporting Initiative

IATA International Air Transport Association

ICAO International Civil Aviation Organisation

kg CO2/TK kilograms of CO2 per tonne kilometre

kWh kilowatt-hours

L/100PK litres per 100 passenger kilometres

L/FTK litres per freight tonne kilometre

L/TK litres per tonne kilometre

LED light emitting diode

LTO Cycle landing and take-off cycle

MBM market-based measure

ML megalitres

MWh megawatt-hours

NOx nitrogen oxides

SWIM System Wide Information Management

TJ terajoules

UAE United Arab Emirates

UHC unburnt hydrocarbons

OVERVIEW


THE LEADERSHIP TEAM


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GROUND OPERATIONS


COMMUNITY

ENVIRONMENTAL DATA

APPENDIX 1

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52

Assurance report of the independent auditor To: the Presidents of the Emirates Group Our opinion In our opinion, the reported annual environmental data, as included in the Emirates Group Environmental Report 2016-2017 (page 41) and marked with a , as mentioned in the paragraph “What we have audited”, have been prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with the Emirates Group Environmental Report 2016/17 – Reporting Guidelines and Methodology. What we have audited The object of our assurance engagement exists of the following measures presented at page 41 and marked with a (hereafter: the reported annual environmental data) in the accompanying Environmental Report 2016-2017 by the Emirates Group, Dubai: • Total jet fuel consumption of the airline (aircraft fuel consumption only); • Total CO2 emissions of the airline (aircraft emissions only); • Fuel efficiency of the airline, in terms of volume per passenger kilometre, volume

per freight tonne-kilometre and volume per total tonne-kilometre (aircraft fuel consumption only);

• CO2 efficiency of the airline in terms of CO2 weight per passenger kilometre, CO2 weight per freight tonne-kilometre and kilograms CO2 per total tonne-kilometre (aircraft emissions only).

All other information in the Environmental Report 2016-2017 was not subject to our engagement and we do not report and do not opine on this information. The basis for our opinion We conducted our assurance engagement, in accordance with Dutch law, the International Standard on Assurance Engagements (ISAE) 3000 ‘Assurance engagements, other than audits or reviews of historical financial information’ and

ISAE 3410 ‘Assurance Engagements on Greenhouse Gas Statements’. This assurance engagement is aimed to provide reasonable assurance. Our responsibilities under this standard are further described in the section ‘Our responsibilities for the assurance engagement’ of our report. Independence and quality control We are independent of the Emirates Group in accordance with the ‘Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants, a regulation with respect to independence’ (‘Verordening inzake de onafhankelijkheid van accountants bij assurance-opdrachten’ - ViO) and other relevant independence requirements in the Netherlands. Furthermore we have complied with the ‘Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants, a regulation with respect to rules of professional conduct’ (‘Verordening gedrags- en beroepsregels accountants’ -VGBA). We apply the ‘detailed rules for auditing firms on assurance engagements (RA/AA)’ (‘Nadere voorschriften accountantskantoren ter zake van assurance opdrachten (RA/AA)’) and accordingly maintain a comprehensive system of quality control including documented policies and procedures regarding compliance with ethical requirements, professional standards and other applicable legal and regulatory requirements. We believe that the assurance information we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. Limitations in our assurance engagement / inherent limitations CO2 quantification is subject to uncertainty because of such things as emissions factors that are used by mathematical models to calculate emissions, and the inability of those models to precisely characterize under all circumstances the relationships between various inputs and the resultant emissions because of incomplete scientific knowledge.

OVERVIEW


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GROUND OPERATIONS


COMMUNITY

ENVIRONMENTAL DATA

APPENDIX 1

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Responsibilities for the annual environmental data and the assurance engagement Responsibilities of the Presidents of the Emirates Group The Presidents of the Emirates Group are responsible for the preparation of the annual environmental data in accordance with the Emirates Group Environmental Report 2016/17 – Reporting Guidelines and Methodology, including the identification of the intended users and the criteria being applicable for the for the purposes of the intended users. The Presidents of the Emirates Group are also responsible for such internal control as it determines is necessary to enable the preparation of the annual environmental data that is free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. Our responsibilities for the assurance-engagement Our responsibility is to plan and perform the assurance assignment in a manner that allows us to obtain sufficient and appropriate audit evidence for our opinion. Our opinion aims to provide reasonable assurance that the reported annual environmental data is prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with the Emirates Group Environmental Report 2016/17 – Reporting Guidelines and Methodology. Reasonable assurance is a high but not absolute level of assurance which makes it possible that we may not detect all misstatements. Misstatements may arise due to fraud or error and are considered to be material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the decisions of users taken on the basis of the reported annual environmental data. The materiality affects the nature, timing and extent of our assurance procedures and the evaluation of the effect of identified misstatements on our opinion.

Procedures performed An assurance engagement includes, amongst others, examining appropriate evidence on a test basis. We have exercised professional judgement and have maintained professional scepticism throughout the assurance engagement, in accordance with the ISAE 3000, ISAE 3410, ethical requirements and independence requirements. Our main procedures included: • reviewing documents to gain an understanding of the activities and structure of

the Emirates Group; • conducting interviews with Emirates Group management to understand the data

collection process, internal controls and to evaluate the accuracy of the quantitative and qualitative information in the reported annual environmental data;

• based on this understanding, assessing the risks that the information in the reported annual environmental data contains material misstatements;

• responding to the assessed risks, including the development of an overall approach, and determining the nature, timing and extent of further procedures;

• performing analytical procedures on the reported data; • evaluating relevant internal and external documentation, on a test basis, to

determine the reliability of the information in the reported annual environmental data; • evaluating the appropriateness of quantification methods and reporting policies

used; • assessing the data gap approach used, and the methods used to estimate missing

data; and • evaluating the overall format and presentation of the annual environmental data,

as presented in the Environmental Report 2016-2017 (including an evaluation of the consistency of the information, in line with the above-mentioned reporting criteria).

Amsterdam, 23 November 2017 PricewaterhouseCoopers Accountants N.V. Original signed by P. Jongerius RA

OVERVIEW


THE LEADERSHIP TEAM


FLIGHT OPERATIONS

GROUND OPERATIONS


COMMUNITY

ENVIRONMENTAL DATA

APPENDIX 1

APPENDIX 2

ASSURANCE REPORT

the emirates group environmental report 2016-17jan 01, 2017 · overview contents. 4 emirates is a...

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