the effects of the treaty of versailles

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Warm-Up Fascism and Aggression

The Effects of the Treaty of Versailles

Germany lost and signed the Treaty of

, which:

• required to take responsibility for the war.

• made Germany pay $33 billion in to Allied nations.

• caused Germany to lose .

• forced the of Germany.

• Limited to army of 100,000

• No armored cars, subs, or planes

Economic Troubles in Germany

In the 1920s, Germans blamed their economic problems on their

post-war government.

• Huge reparations payments and government policies triggered massive

.

• Many families faced economic .

Many Germans were willing to give up in exchange for

.


Warm-Up

By the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

• Explain the challenges facing following World War I,

and evaluate the effects of rise to power.

• Describe individual liberties under , and explain the

differences between and

forms of government.

• Describe acts of committed by Germany and

during the 1930s.

• Analyze the reaction in and the toward Hitler’s

actions.

Lesson Objectives

WK2 Words to Know

Fill in this table as you work through the lesson. You may also use the glossary to

help you.

a dictatorial political system that glorifies the state and

denies the importance of the individual

the achieving of peace by giving up something valuable

the political belief that the citizen should be totally subject

to an absolute state authority

Fascism and Aggression


• Was born in , and spent most of his childhood there

• Fought for during World War I

• Led Germany under a brutal Nazi from 1933 to 1945

• Brought about the

• Committed with his wife, Eva Braun

Instruction

? Lesson

Question

Adolf Hitler (1889–1945)

Slide

2


PROFILE


Instruction

2

Slide

1921: Hitler became the leader of the Party.

1923: He led a failed attempt to the government and was

sent to .

1923–1928: He wrote Mein Kampf, in which he stated beliefs of

greatness and racial .

1928–1930: He helped the Party become Germany’s

-largest political party.

1933: He was appointed the of Germany.

1933–1939: He established a totalitarian .

Hitler's Rise to Power

A TIMELINE



Instruction

2

Slide

is a political system in which citizens are subject to an

state authority.

People lack civil found under

governments.

There is no:

• freedom of .

• right to a trial.

• right to .

Totalitarianism in Germany

is extreme patriotism and the belief in the

of one’s country.

• Belief in the historic of the nation

• Hatred of a common

• of media against the government

Fascism: Totalitarian government characterized by extreme

nationalism


Hitler’s fascism appealed to Germans.

4


Instruction

4

Slide

Totalitarianism vs. Democracy


Government Military Economy Individuals

Government

Ruled by a

;

only

political party

allowed

Dominated by Key

controlled by

ruler

No civil

for individuals

Government

Has

leaders who

come from

political

parties

Under

control of

government

Businesses

owned and

run

Guaranteed

basic civil

,

such as

freedom of


Instruction

4

Slide

hardships in Italy and Spain led to the rise of totalitarian states

led by dictators.

• Benito ruled Italy from 1922 to 1943.

• Francisco ruled Spain from 1939 to 1975.

Benito Mussolini used to gain power in Italy.

• Violent tactics

• Spread of

• “ on Rome”

• Fascist Party

Rise of Italian Fascism


Fascist Leaders in Italy and Spain

By the 1930s, the Fascist Party had full of Italy.


Instruction

7

Slide

Mein Kampf promoted the greatness of Germany and the German people. It:

• championed the of what Hitler called the

“ ” race.

• said that other people, including Jewish, Catholic, and Slavic people,

were .

• criticized and promoted social

.

• advocated the need for (“living space”) for the

German population.

Mein Kampf: Nazi Ideology


Hitler quickly passed laws persecuting .


Instruction

9

Slide

Hitler took aggressive actions that challenged Germany’s .

Hitler:

• sent troops into the .

• Austria.

• demanded the Sudetenland of .

The world watched—but did .

Japan worked to build up its military after .

• The nation expanded into other areas of .

• Japan entered into a war with .

• General became prime minister.

Rise of Militarism in Japan


Hitler’s Aggression

ō ō

Japan became a formidable force with a sizable .


Instruction

9

Slide

• In 1931, the Japanese army invaded and occupied , in the

northeastern part of China.

• Japan’s prime minister was assassinated by naval officers during a failed coup

in 1932. The assassins had the of a public who believed the

government had become too weak.

• Japan signed the Anti-Comintern Pact with Nazi Germany in 1936. It was

essentially an alliance against the .

• In 1937, Japan went to war with China, starting the Second

War.

• 1940, General Hideki Tōjō became the nation’s minister of war. One year later,

he was named . Tōjō was an advocate of ,

which suggested that greater conflicts were to come.


Japan’s Military Takes Power


Instruction

12

Slide

In 1938, a meeting was held in .

Leaders discussed Hitler's demands to annex the .

• Neville , Great Britain

• Édouard Daladier,

• Benito , Italy

• Adolf , Germany

from Czechoslovakia was present.


The Munich Conference

CHAMBERLAIN: When I come back, I hope I may be able to say, as Hotspur says

in Henry IV, “out of this nettle, , we plucked this flower,

.”

Chamberlain; Munich Agreement with Hitler re: Czechoslovakia

VIDEO


Instruction

13

Slide

Britain, France, and Italy decided to to Hitler’s demands and

him to take over the Sudetenland.

The Munich Agreement is an example of , or:

• achieving by giving up something .


Appeasement

Not everyone agreed that was the best choice.

Prime Minister : “Peace with . I believe it is

peace for our time.”

Winston : “You were given the choice between war and

dishonor.

You chose and you will have .”

Response to Appeasement


Instruction

13

Slide

Most Americans wanted the United States to:

• stay in any conflict.

• maintain a policy of .

However, President was:

• very concerned about German .

• anxious for leaders to keep Germany in check.


US Isolationism vs. US Involvement

As Churchill had warned, Germany’s aggression continued.

• March 15, 1939: Germany invaded .

• Sept 1, 1939: Germany invaded .

• Sept 3, 1939: France and Britain on Germany.

German Aggression and World War II

had begun.


Summary

Answer

What led to the rise of fascism and aggression after World War I, and

how did other nations respond?

Lesson

Question?



Summary

Slide

2 Review: The Rise of Fascism in Europe

Germany and other nations struggled economically after .

• These conditions allowed and

dictatorships to arise.

• Fascist regimes took power in , , and

.


Review: Aggressive Actions by Germany and Japan

Hitler promoted a vision and an foreign policy

and:

• built up Germany’s .

followed similarly aggressive policies in Asia.

• neighboring lands.


Summary

Slide

2


Review: Appeasement and War

European powers Hitler to take territory uncontested.

• They wanted to avoid at all costs.

• This policy is called .

Germany’s invasion of triggered .


Summary

Use this space to write any questions or thoughts about this lesson.


the effects of the treaty of versailles

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