the early adopters

8/20/2019 The Early Adopters

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alliance

the

earlyadopters

reading the tea leaves

400 West Erie Street, Suite 407 • Chicago, Illinois 60654 • 312.920.0080 • 03/01/2010 •

Activist Insights Report:

Market Research on the TeaParty Movement, its Leadersand their Motivations


2/28

“Our enemies must acknowledge that these people have

acted upon pure and upright principle… you cannot

imagine the height of joy that sparkles in the eyes and

animates the countenances as well as the hearts of all we

meet on this occasion.”

Sam Adams on the original Tea Party


3/28

Reading the Tea Leaves ......................................................................................................................................

Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................

Research and Analysis .........................................................................................................................................

Methodology ........................................................................................................... .................................

Insight Areas ............................................................................................................ .................................

Conclusions & Recommendations ...................................................................................................................

The Early Adopters ................................................................................................ ................................

Tea Party Leaders Are Self Aware ....................................................................................................

The Leadership Question ......................................................................................................... ............

Appendices ..............................................................................................................................................................

Appendix 1: Hierarchical Value Map .................................................................................................

Appendix 2: Selected Ladders .............................................................................................. ............

1

2

4

4

4

8

8

8

8

11

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12

TABLE OF CONTENTS


4/28

“My own son called me a stupid right–winger.”


5/28

March 1, 2010

Dear Friend,

America’s tea parties last year triggered a sea change in the political climate. They pointed at thedeep discontent with the bipartisan binge of bailouts and spending pouring from Washington overtwo presidencies, and presaged last summer’s Town Hall meetings which proved even to Congressthat millions of people were very unhappy with their management.

Many ridiculed the tea parties; even those sympathetic with the sentiments questioned whethermere protests make any difference. But by December the tea party leaders in Massachusettshad moved from protest to politics, and they created the base from which voters used a specialelection to put Scott Brown into the Massachusetts Senate seat formerly held by Ted Kennedy.

Now political observers of all stripes are offering punditry about the signicance of the tea parties

– why they arose, and what their leaders want. Some have even gone so far as to interview sometea party folks; even then the media bias often is more prominent than the motives of the tea partyleaders.

The Sam Adams Alliance decided to learn what the tea party leaders are up to in the old fashionedway: We asked them. We met in person with tea party leaders from thirty-eight states; wecollected survey data from forty-nine leaders; we conducted in-depth interviews with ten leadersfrom ten states.

What we have learned is very promising for the American republic. We consistently found seriouscitizens standing up for the Constitution and the basic principles of America’s founding. We founda deep distrust of current political leaders and both political parties, but strong understanding thatpractical considerations argue against a third party. We found that the “tea party” label is a goodt for these citizens who stepped away from their private lives to speak up for their principles.

They have much in common with the leaders in Boston two hundred years ago.

The road to the American Revolution became one-way with a single deant protest by patrioticcitizens: the Boston Tea Party. The violent retaliation of the British proved that Sam Adams hadbeen correct all along, and that British rulers viewed Americans as mere subjects on “plantationsand colonies,” born to follow whatever orders the King and Parliament imposed.

We live at another historic juncture. The country is embroiled in a great debate about the role ofgovernment, and the place of the individual in society. Please review our study and learn why teaparty leaders have felt compelled to take a leading role in this debate. They have proven that theyplay an important role in American politics, and they just might be the earlier adopters of a newapproach to citizen engagement in our political system.

Best Wishes,

Eric O’Keefe, Chairman, Sam Adams Alliance

alliance

400 West Erie, Suite 407

Chicago, Illinois 60654

P 312.920.0080

www.samadamsalliance.org


6/28

“I have a burning desire to protect freedom.”


7/28

Attempts to dene the Tea Party

movement—its motivations, values, beliefs,

and goals—continue to miss the mark andyet to date there have been no in-depth

conversations with the people who actually

make up the movement themselves.

Market research through data collection

has focused on the opinions others hold

of the movement; this report examines the

motivations of the individuals themselves.

• Due to continued participation and

activity, the Tea Parties are emerging

as a movement that is both long–term

and critical for political strategists and

participants to understand.

• The people involved with these

movements are not political junkies or

crusty right–wing extremists; 46.9%

were uninvolved or rarely involved with

politics prior to 2009.

• They aren’t in it to express anger

alone. An overwhelming majority

characterized the goal of their initial

involvement as “to stand up for my

beliefs.”

• They are self aware. They’re aren’t

falling for a Third Party trap, including

social issues on their docket, nor

are they content to be labeled as

protesting for the sake of protesting.

70.3% are hopeful that they are havinga positive impact on their country.

• About one third remains unabashedly

loyal to Sarah Palin’s presidential

candidacy, yet the eld splits from there.DeMint, Romney, and Huckabee each

garnered at least 10% of their support.

• They have a sophisticated, well-informed

understanding of the U.S. Constitution

and American history in general

The conclusion of this report is that the

Tea Party activists are not the “other,”

and they cannot be dened through a

single statement, document, or denition.They are the early adopters of a new

empowerment. As early adopters, they

are paving the road they believe our

country must proceed down in order to

regain control over its government, and

they are modeling the type of paradigm

shift—the reawakening of the "people"

component of a democracy—that they

believe is necessary to our survival as a

representative deomocracy.

The recommendation from this report is

the time has come to better understand

and attend to the Tea Parties. They are

powerful, both in their political sway and in

their passion.

READING THE TEA LEAVES

1


8/28

The Tea Party movement started with a

bang when on February 17, 2009, Rick

Santelli, a reporter for CNBC, shoutedfrom the oor of the Chicago Board of

Trade that he—and the traders

surrounding him—had had enough.

Enough government bailouts, taxation,

and general amateurish attempts at scal

policy that were leading our country down

the road toward massive nationalization

of business. His furor was mirrored by the

men and women surrounding him on the

oor of the exchange.

But it wasn’t just the nancial industry

that was furious; every day Americans

seize upon this lightning rod and Santelli’s

call for a Chicago Tea Party to hold their

own Tea Parties. The movement began

in an instant, and all across small towns

and big cities of America, groups came

together to hold protests against their

own government.

And so began the attacks: that the

movement was “astroturf,” talking

heads referred to the People involved

as tea-baggers, and condescension

and conspiracy theories abounded. The

attacks continue, more virulent, more

subtle, more varied, and from a wider

audience than in the rst days. The

election of Scott Brown in January 2010,

almost one year later, prove that this

movement has staying power and has inthis way placed it in the cross–hairs of

both Republican and Democrat operatives,

desperate either to malign or claim this

movement as their own.

The key claims:

•The movement is insincere, orchestrated

• The movement is full of right-wing

extremists

• The people involved are “hicks,” poorly

educated, or violent

• There is no underlying point–of–view,

or sophisticated understanding

• They operate on the fringes of

political thought, embracing ideas

such as conspiracy theories and

secessionist ideologies

• It is a short–term movement, comprised

entirely of protest and nothing else

In order to support or refute these claims

and to gain clear insights about the Tea

Party movement, the Sam Adams Alliance

undertook a market research plan. This

analysis applies fact to this discussion and

helps paint a picture of the varied people

and motivations behind the movement. The

goal for this report is to provide accurate

information, from the source, about this

movement, and to equip organizations and

individuals who interact with Tea Party

organizations to engage with them to

move beyond protest, to action.

Providing real information can be the

difference between a movement dened

by others and a movement dened by the

participants; a movement dened by its

participants can continue to grow, and it

can recruit others to join its mission.

INTRODUCTION

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9/28

We surveyed fty of the top Tea Party

leaders from across the country, in states

from Alaska and Hawaii to Texas, RhodeIsland, and Florida. We conducted ten

hour-long, in–depth “laddering” interviews

to determine the core connections to the

movement and to understand exactly

what their hopes and fears were about the

direction of the United States and the Tea

Parties themselves. We learned how varied

the people were, from level of education to

the candidate they’d select for president.

We also learned what they have in

common, and from this data, we are able to

present a deeply insightful report.

The market research was designed solely

to report on the facts, including the

following research questions:

(1) What are the core motivating principles

behind these activists’ involvement in the

Tea Party movement.

(2)What are the challenges facing their

organizations at this juncture.

(3) What will the future hold for the Tea

Party movement?

(4) Moreover, does the Tea Party

movement operate on the fringes

of mainstream political discourse

or are the Tea Party activists

more vehement proponents of aninherently relevant and moderate

conservative message?

The next section presents our research and

analysis followed by the conclusions and

recommendations this analysis suggests.

3

“My father fought in the

second World War…when

you look back at those

troops, they were loved.

What happened to that?”


10/28

Key activities of the study included:

•Conducted research related to themotivations, patterns of behavior, type

and quantity of involvement, outlook,

issue prioritization, and general

demographics of the Tea Party leaders.

• Carried out ten in-depth market

research interviews relative to their

emotional connection to the Tea Party

movement, including an investigation

into their key “boiling point” moment.

• Collected and analyzed eighty business

cards of the Tea Party leaders to

investigate their use of color, choice of

words, and self-described role.

METHODOLOGY

Nearly fty Tea Party leaders participated

in our survey, which was distributed both

in-person as well as via the Internet.

The survey participants were chosen

because of leadership of a local Tea

Party organization in the United States.

There was a sample size of forty-nine

respondents.

In order to develop a deeper

understanding of what motivates and fuels

the Tea Party organizers, we interviewed

individuals across a broad spectrum ofdemographics, from which we developed

eight distinct ladders. These ladders chart

the progression of connection to the Tea

Parties from “attribute” level, (or the most

tangible aspects they appreciate), to

“consequence,” (or the resulting feeling

they get from each consequence), to

nally, “value,” (or the deepest values that

drive their involvement).

Together, these analyses provide a broad

and in–depth portrait of the individuals

who are leading this new wave of citizen

activism.

INSIGHT AREAS

The rsthand research uncovers the nding

that the Tea Party leaders are authentic

grassroots activists, due to the sincerity

and deeply held beliefs we uncovered

through our laddering interviews. Far

from holding radical or ill–informed views,

they are well educated and understand

the delicacy of their relationship to

the Republican Party. Moreover, they

demonstrate a commitment to their

country and the cause that is of such deep

import to them that it would suggest that

their involvement is both long–term and

extremely personal.

The most salient details from the research

fall into three key insight areas:

Unpracticed but not Impractical

The Tea Party activists were new to the

political scene in 2009. A combined total

of 46.9 percent of the activists wereuninvolved or rarely involved in politics

prior to the Tea Parties of 2009, suggesting

a wholly distinct group of people who were

engaging with their representation actively

for the rst time.

RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

4


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If they had been inactive prior to this

engagement, what were they doing and

who are they? Many polled by us were

entrepreneurs, stay–at–home moms, and/or

teachers. Others had Masters degrees

and/or had written books.

• 53.3 percent of respondents have

graduated from high school, and

additional 46.7 percent graduated fromcollege, and a further 15.6 percent have

a graduate degree.

They have also embraced new and social

media adeptly.

• 91.5 percent are on Facebook, 80.9

percent of the organizers have a

website for their organization, and 59.6

percent are on Twitter.

• 63 percent communicate daily with

other Tea Party members.

Clearly, this is an active community,

thriving online.

As for being impractical? A striking 85.7

percent said “No” when asked if they were

in favor of moving in the direction of a

Third Party.

This number dropped off when asked with

which political party they were afliated:

• 61.7 percent Republican, 27.7 percent

Independent, and 10.6 percent Tea Party.

5


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The implication here is that while they do

not endorse the Tea Party as a political

party, they do remain somewhat divided

as to where to apply the Tea Party energy.

The Tea Party brand remains a strong

afliation, although not for its evolution

into a political party.

Even more denite, zero percent selected

“social issues” as the most important

direction for the Tea Partie; instead theirfocus began and remained on scal issues:

• 91.7 percent said “budget” is “very

important, followed by the “economy”

at 85.4 percent, and “defense” at

79.6 percent.

The Boiling Point

“Don’t mess with my kids, buster.Don’t mess with my country,

buster” – Tea Party Activist

But what was the click, the “Boiling Point”

moment at which they transitioned from

uninvolved American to fully engaged

activist? Remarkably, this was such a

strong experience for many of them

that they were able to recount the exact

moment this transition occurred.

For one woman, it was while she was

manning the phones at a campaign ofce

for John McCain, surrounded by political

hacks doing everything but work. She knew

she had to apply herself in a different way,

one that allowed her to see immediate

results and be amongst others who felt the

same urgency.

Another woman, who grew up in the

Northeast, had always been a conservative,

but started being concerned with the

direction of government during the latter

half of the Bush administration. She started

a blog to “get her angst out,” and when

the Tea Party momentum started to build,

she realized such a group did not exist in

her state yet. “I thought it would be just

twenty-ve people showing up,” she said.

“I was shocked at the sheer numbers of

people who came out. They felt like theyhad no voice.” One man had a similar

experience: “I expected there to be seven

hundred. Four thousand people came to

our rst rally.”

And what did they strive to accomplish?

Overall, 89.6 percent characterized

6


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their most important initial reason for

involvement as “to stand up for my

beliefs.” This somewhat general statementgained more color in the laddering

interviews, the compilation of which is

seen in Appendix 4. The laddering analysis

indicates the ve primary values that

underlie their involvement.

Thoughtful, Deeply Felt Connections

to the Movement

Being Responsible: Without fail, every

Tea Party leader referred to the future

generations of Americans whose

prospects, they feel, weigh heavily on

their shoulders. The ability to act on this

feeling of responsibility to ght for and

preserve freedom can be fullled through

the proactive, on-the-offensive nature

of the Tea Parties. The ip side of living

responsibly is the even more crippling

fear of regret. Many candidly expressed

their fear of looking into their

grandchildren’s eyes and thinking they

could have done more.

Living without Regret: While they

reiterated time and again their disavowal

of all “social” issues, there was an

undercurrent of an unspecic but

omnipresent spirituality. Given what they

dened as extraordinarily trying times for

our country, they expressed a need to takea stand to defend freedom. This action

translates directly into their concept of

having lived “a worthwhile life.”

Hope: Once surrounded by others with the

same commitment to transparency, scal

responsibility, and a greater appreciation

for American exceptionalism, the Tea

Party people felt something they hadn’t

up till then: hope. This is reinforced by thestrong community Tea Parties provide.

Some wrote that the most rewarding

aspect of their involvement was “above

all, the friendships.” Others wrote of the

“great people,” “fellowship,” and how they

appreciated “realizing many others share

my beliefs.”

Empowered: A taste of the empowerment

that comes with a political voice left its

impact on all of the interviewees. The

barriers to entry to involvement, even

in a leadership position, were much

less pronounced within the nascent Tea

Party structure than in the traditional

bureaucracy of the Republican Party.

Because of this, the Tea Party newcomers

were able to take action swiftly—and see

the results of their activism. One Tea Party

leader described her empowerment with

glee as an “emotional high.” “Imagine,”

she said, “I had never put it together that

THEY work for ME.” This connection to the

movement was one of the most strongly

felt by all, something they all said would

be truly wrenching for them to give up,

once attained.

Proud; Living Unashamed: The Tea Party

activists are unabashedly patriotic, with

a deep love for their country as well as a

nuanced understanding of its Foundingprinciples and structure of government.

That pride in their country also imbues

them with a feeling of duty to protect its

values and principles. The Tea Party people

spoke of how, when they actively defended

their country, they felt proud of themselves

and of their sacrice.

7


14/28

THE EARLY ADOPTERS

Tea Party activists are for the most partnew to this role. They are neither practiced

nor polished in activism; but having

experienced a taste of the empowerment

that comes with action, they feel more than

ever that this is their time to act. Above all,

they are motivated by a fear of NOT acting.

They believe deeply in the American

experiment and are willing to sacrice time,

money, security, all for the future.

Their diversity is their strength, and they

are not a movement that can easily be

dened by those jumping up to lead them.

They are powerful and, in this sense,

they are the “early adopters” of a new type

of political involvement. The leaders refer

to their position within the local tea parties

as being at the head of an onslaught. They

have an organic, real grassroots fervor that

runs deep.

TEA PARTY LEADERS ARE SELF AWARE

They are also motivated to take this to

the next level—and are actively preparing

for a phase two. When asked what they

would suggest to improve their movement,

one activist wrote: “Brand better to show

that we are regular Americans, not right

wing extremists.” By a margin of 56 to 22,

they don’t want to be the Party of "No."

“Offer solutions, positive alternatives” wasanother recommendation. While they are

aware of these criticisms, they are also

equipping themselves for the next stage in

their organizational development.

Suggestions for improving their movement

included corporate speak: “better/more

polished brand and media messaging” as

well as tactical maneuvers.

They understand their position as a target,

and yet they remain committed to their

values. Their sometimes beleaguered

candidate, Sarah Palin, rose to the top

of the poll once again as their pick for

president in 2012, with 36.4 percent

of respondents choosing her as their

preferred candidate. The new activists like

the maverick candidate.

THE LEADERSHIP QUESTION

Their opinions are divided on the need for

leadership. Some fear that jockeying for

leadership will remove the truly grassroots

element from their movement. “Many

leaders of tea parties seem to be in

place for the glory rather than for the

overall cause. I make this statement

because it is something I have heard

numerous times. This is the most serious

problem I see that will only iron itself out

over time.” Others endorse a coalition, “No

national leadership (top down), instead

there should be a coalition of leaders.”

What is clear is that people and

organizations are piling on to claim credit

or attach their star to this wagon. The Tea

Partiers understand that true leadership

will emerge not from the attention-seekers

but from those who are willing and able toget out ahead of the pack, listen, and lead

from a point of authenticity.

8

CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS


15/28

9

"If ever a time should come,when vain and aspiring men

shall possess the highest

seats in Government, our

country will stand in need

of its experienced patriots to

prevent its ruin.”

Samuel Adams


16/28

“I wish I could do it full-time.”10


17/28

Appendix 1: HierArcHicAl VAlue MAp

11

APPENDICES


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Appendix 2: Selected lAdderS

12


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13

Appendix 2: Selected lAdderS (continued)


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14


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15



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Involvement

How long have you been associatedwith the Tea Party movement?

Less than3 months

3 to 6months

More than 6months

Other

Raw Responses 0.0 2.0 45.0 1.0

Percent 0.0 4.1 91.8 2.0

With what type of TeaParty activities are

you involved?

Attending

Events

Organizing

Events

Media/

Marketing Fundraising Lobbying Outreach

Raw Responses 39.0 41.0 32.0 28.0 15.0 33.0

Percent 79.6 83.7 65.3 57.1 30.6 67.3

How many Tea Parties have youattended? 0 1-3 4-6 7-10

Morethan 10

Raw Responses 1.0 10.0 19.0 6.0 12.0

Percent 2.1 20.0 39.6 12.5 25.0

How many Tea Parties have you

organized or helped organize? 0 1-3 4-6 7-10

more

than 10

Raw Responses 6.0 22.0 9.0 1.0 10.0

Percent 12.5 45.8 18.8 2.1 20.8

How often do you engage in the following?

(percents) Never

1-2

Times

per Year

1-2

Times

per

Month

1-2

Times

per

Week Daily

Communicate with fellow Tea Party activists 2.0 0.0 10.2 26.5 63.3

Attend Tea Party events 2.1 8.3 50.0 33.3 6.3

Attend political events 2.0 22.4 36.7 38.8 0.0

Socialize with other Tea Party activists outside of

organized gatherings 4.3 12.8 36.2 31.3 17.0

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Movement Needs

Please select the channels that you currently use Use Percent

Facebook 43 91.5

Webpage 38 80.9

Twitter 28 59.6

LinkedIn 15 31.9

Snail Mail 7 14.9

Blog 19 40.4

Motivation

How would you rank your political

involvement prior to becoming a Tea Partyactivist

RawResponses Percent

Uninvolved 15.0 30.6

Rarely Involved 8.0 16.3

Somewhat Involved 14.0 28.6

Involved 4.0 8.2

Very Involved 8.0 16.3

Please Characterize your primary

reason(s) for getting involved with the

Tea Parties

Very

Important

Average

rating

(1-4)

To become politically involved 44.9 2.8

To express my anger/frustration 46.9 3.0

To be part of a community 31.3 2.3

To stand up for my beliefs 89.6 3.9

To learn about current events 30.4 2.6

to influence elections 83.7 3.8

To influence policy 79.2 3.7

What do you find most rewarding

about being part of the Tea Parties

Raw

Responses Percent

Networking locally and nationally 7.0 14.3

Positive contribution to my country 20.0 40.8

Education opportunities 3.0 6.1

Other (most used to reply "all") 19.0 38.8

17


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On a scale of 1-7, please indicate agreement with the

following statement (1 being strongly agree, 7 being

strongly disagree, answer in percents)

Strongly

Agree(1)

I am proud to be involved with the Tea Parties 70.8

It is very important to me to be part of the Tea Party

movement 57.4I expect to be an active member of the Tea Party

movement for a long time 55.3

I feel hopeful about the impact the Tea Party movement

has had on our country 70.2

I feel hopeful that the Tea Party movement will continue

to have a positive effect on our country 65.2

On a scale of 1-7, please indicate how much you agree with

the following statements (1- strongly agree, 7- strongly

disagree, answer in percents)

Stongly Agree

(1)

I am motivated to volunteer with the Tea Parties because I feelgood when I do 50.0

I believe the work of volunteers is crucial for the Tea Party

movement to succeed 75.0

I am motivated to provide financial support to the the Tea Party

movement because I feel good when I do it 29.8

I believe financial support is crucial for the Tea Party movement

to succeed 48.9

18


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Issues

How important to you were

these issues when you first

became involved with the Tea

Parties?

Raw

Responses

Very

Important

Percent

Very

Important

Defense 34.0 69.4

Immigration 30.0 61.2

Education 18.0 36.7

Trade 13.0 26.5

Health Care 28.0 57.1

Budget 37.0 77.1

Environment/Climate Change 14.0 28.6

Economy/Jobs 35.0 71.4

How important to you are

the following issues today?

RawResponses

Very

Important

Percent

Very

Important

Defense 39.0 79.6

Immigration 37.0 75.5

Education 25.0 51.0

Trade 22.0 44.9

Health Care 38.0 77.6

Budget 44.0 91.7

Environment/Climate Change 22.0 44.9

Economy/Jobs 41.0 85.4

Please select the most

important direction for

the Tea Party

movement

Raw

Responses Percent

Social issues 0.0 0.0

Economic issues 6.0 12.5

Elections 8.0 16.7

Candidate recruitment 4.0 8.3

All of the above 27.0 56.3

None 3.0 6.3

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Current Environment

In your opinion, please rate the effectiveness of

the Tea Party leadership (1-very effective, 5-

very ineffective)

Average Rating (1-5,

higher corresponding

to more ineffective)

Meeting activists' needs 2.5

Achieving the movement's objectives 2.5

providing strong leadership 2.8

Collaborating with other leaders 2.8

Presenting the Tea Party message to the media 3.0

Taking the movement to the next level 3.1

Are you in favor of a third political

party for Tea Party supporters?

Raw

Responses Percent

Yes 1.0 2.0

Maybe 5.0 10.2No 42.0 85.7

Don't know 1.0 2.0

What is your opinion of the Republican

party's current image as "the Party of No?"

Raw

Responses Percent

I agree with this direction 11.0 22.9

I am neutral 10.0 20.8

I disagree with this direction 27.0 56.3

Which political party do you

affiliate yourself with the most?

Raw

Responses Percent

Democrat 0.0 0.0

Republican 29.0 61.7

Green 0.0 0.0

Independent 13.0 27.7

Tea Party 5.0 10.6

20


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If you had to choose today, who would you

support for president in 2012?

Raw

Responses Percent

Scott Brown 1.0 3.0

Mitch Daniels 0.0 0.0

Rudy Giuliani 2.0 6.1

Mike Huckabee 5.0 15.2Bobby Jindal 4.0 12.1

Sarah Palin 12.0 36.4

Ron Paul 2.0 6.1

Tim Pawlenty 0.0 0.0

David Petraeus 0.0 0.0

Mitt Romney 9.0 27.3

Jim DeMint 4.0 12.1

Michele Bachmann 3.0 9.1

Rick Perry 1.0 3.0

Mike Pence 1.0 3.0Waiting to decide/None of the above 9.0 27.3

Total Responses 33.0 ***

**** Note that some selected more than one candidate

Education

Highest level of education completed

Raw

Responses Percent

Some high school 0.0 0.0High school 6.0 13.3

Some college 18.0 40.0

College degree 14.0 31.1

Graduate school degree 7.0 15.6

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ANNE SOROCK

This market research and the

accompanying report were written by

Anne Sorock, director of marketing at theSam Adams Alliance. Anne holds a B.A.

from The Johns Hopkins University and

an M.B.A. from Cornell University's the

Johnson School. Anne has experience in

brand management at ConAgra Foods,

book editing at Regnery Publishing, and

was a member of the legislative staff

of former U.S. Senator Peter Fitzgerald.

Please direct and questions or comments

to her at [email protected]

the early adopters

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