The Difference Between Linguistics and “Lingvistika”

Russian version Foreign version

Phonetics + +

Phonology + +

Morphology + +

Morphophonology + +

Syntax + +

Lexis + +

Semantics + +

Pragmatics + +

Cognitive + +

Generative + +

Quantitative + +

Functional theories of grammar

- +

Graphemics - +

Orthography + +

Semiotics + +

Branches of linguistics

Functional theories of grammar

Functional theories of grammar are those approaches to the study of language that see the functions of language and its elements to be the key to understanding linguistic processes and structures.

Graphemics

Graphemics or graphematics is the linguistic study of writing systems and their basic components, i.e. graphemes.

Linguistics vs. Lingvistika

Linguistics is the scientific study of language. There are broadly three aspects to the study, which include language form, language meaning, and language in context.

Lingvistika is a science that studies languages. It studies natural human language in common and each language separate.

In foreign linguistics there is only one term. In Russia we have got different words to

name “lingvistika”.

Ex: “lingvistika” = “yazykoznanie” = “yazykovedenie”

Also we have got different point of view on sciences that are included in linguistics.

FPL? TPL?

Have you ever thought

about your future profession? Who are we?

Let’s have a look at the full name of our speciality:

Fundamental and Applied Linguistics

So, in english we are not FPL, we are FAL.

A-stands for APPLIED, let’s watch whether we can have such letter in our speciality or not? Is the meaning alike in both languages or not?

Applied linguistics is an interdisciplinary field of linguistics that identifies, investigates, and offers solutions to language-related real-life problems. Some of the academic fields related to applied linguistics are education, psychology, computer science, communication research, anthropology, and sociology.

Prikladnaya lingvistika specialised on solutions of practical problems, which are connected with studying languages, and also on usage linguistic theory in other spheres.

Applied linguistics includes more brunches than prikladnaya lingvistika.

Example: While foreigners study linguistics, they also have an opportunity to be teachers, and Russian students don’t.

Even if the meaning is a little bit different, we can be called FAL.

We can have a look at some sciences: There is a term Computational Linguistics

it should be translated like “compjuternaya lingvistika” but it is not like that.

Russian term “compjuternaya lingvistika” is an absolutely different thing.

Computational linguistics(вычислительная) We use this term to two different kinds of

research.

1. The fist one is linguistic research using the computer.

2. The second one is teaching the computer processing of the speech and making probabilistic models of language.

Compjuternaya lingvistika

Solves humans problems with using the computer.

These are problems that a person can solve without a computer but as we are lazy we need a computer to do it instead of us.

Example: translate a text

Also there are two more branches near term Computational Linguistics

Maths linguistics – branch that help us to learn information about languages.

Example: when two languages dispersed. NLP (natural language processing)-

computer simulation and teaching the computer functions of natural language.

All in all, if we compare this branches:

1. NLP

2. Maths linguistics

3. Compjuternaya lingvistika

4. Computational linguistics

We understand that these are absolutely different thigs.

To sum up, we would like to say that

Computational Linguistics Compjuternaya lingvistika Compjuternaya lingvistika is a brunch of

Computational Linguistics .

The answer to our question is:

Computational Linguistics

Maths Linguistics Compjuternaya lingvistika

NLP

Overall, we can say that linguistics and lingvistika are quite similar but they also have some differences.

Thank you!

was made by: Anisimova Ksenia Ivanova Sasha Ilina Kate Kriger Julia Norina Anna