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The development gap keywords

Infant mortality- The number of babies who die per 1000 live births.

GNI- Gross National IncomeIs a measure of a countries wealth

GNP- Gross National ProductIs also a measure of wealth but does not take account of some

business taxes.

Development measure-Statistics used to show the level of development, which allows countries to

be compared.

Human Development Index (HDI)- An index based on three measures. Life expectancy, Level of

education and GNP. It is measured between 1 and 0, 1 being the maximum and 0 being the

minimum.

Phyiscal Quality of life index.- The average of three social measures: Literacy rate, life expectancyand infant mortality.

Tariffs- Government taxes on imported or exported goods.

Debt relief- Forgiving a debt in part or in total, i.e. writing it off.

Fair Trade- A system whereby agricultural producers in countries at lesser stages of

development are paid a fair price for their produce. This helps them attain a reasonable standard of

living.

Short term aid- Aid given to relieve a disaster situation e.g. People who have been made homelessand are starving after a serious flood.

Long term aid- Aid given over a significant period, which aims to promote economic development.

Donor country- A country giving aid to another country

Receiving country- A country receiving aid from another country

Bilateral aid- Aid given by one government to another. It may include trade and business

agreements tied to the aid.

Multilateral aid- Countries at further stages of development give money to international

organisations such as the world bank, the International Monetary Fund or the United Nations, which

then redistribute it to development projects in countries at lesser stages of development.

Top down aid- Aid used so that governments can run more efficiently or to build infrastructure such

as roads and bridges.

Bottom up aid- Aid used to provide basic health care for communities, clean drinking water and

money for education.

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Economic periphery- The edge of a country or region in terms of economics. It may not physically

be the edge, but is a more remote, difficult area where people tend to be poorer and have fewer

opportunities. A less well developed area.

Economic core- The centre of a country or region economically, where businesses thrive, people

have opportunities and are relatively wealthy. A highly developed area.

Sustainable development- This allows economic growth to occur, which can continue over a

long period of time and will not harm the environment. It benefits people alive today but does not

compromise future generations.