The Decades Of LifeDecade 3 words to describe decade

0-9

10-19

20-29

30-39

40-49

50-59

60-69

70-79

80-89

Which decade(s) were the hardest/easiest to do?Is there a tendency to think that no more important changes occur after adulthood?

Questions to Ponder

What is the ideal age?What is the worst age to be?When does old age begin?

True OR False??

1. If a mother drinks heavily during pregnancy, her baby may be mentally retarded.

2. Newborns see only a blur of meaningless light and dark shades.3. Before age 2, infants cannot think.4. Infants initially develop close attachments to their mothers, merely

because the mother provides nourishment. 5. Most abusive parents were themselves battered or neglected as children. 6. The first two years of life provide a good basis for predicting a person’s

eventual personality traits. 7. A heartbeat can be detected as early as 8 weeks into pregnancy. 8. Memories before the age of 5 are formulated differently, making them

almost impossible to remember as adults. 9. A young child often believes that the sun rises in the morning to wake

him/her up.

Directions: Please number your paper 1-9. Write true or false next to each number.

TrueFalse

False

FalseFalse

TrueTrue

True

True

Early PhysicalDevelopment

Prenatal Development conception baby 1 single cell 100 trillion cells

EGG + SPERM = ZYGOTEDivides into about 100 cells within a week and then cells begin to differentiate

Terms used to describe the developing human:

• Zygote = fertilized egg• Embryo = 2-8 weeks (difficult to distinguish

human from other mammals at this time)

• Fetus = 9 weeks to birth• Neonate = newborn• Infant = from the first

few days until walking

TeratogensHarmful things such as chemicals or diseases that can reach the developing embryo or fetus and cause damage resulting in birth defects or mental retardation.

Effect of Nicotine on a fetus- increased risk of abnormal fetal heartbeat, premature birth, related complications and miscarriage.

Effects of Alcohol on a fetus- Mothers who drink heavily during pregnancy may have children born with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)• Physical and cognitive abnormalities• Brain damage• Facial misproportions:• Small upturned nose, small jaw, small eyes

Video

"Teratogens and Their Effect on the Developing Brain"

Infancy• Physical growth rate is faster than any other

postnatal period.• Maturation = physical growth and

development of the body and especially the nervous system.

• Rate varies, but order is virtually universal!

IMPORTANT: Maturation often creates a condition of readiness for learning.

WHAT DOES THAT MEAN? (and why does it matter?)

The Newborn• Reflexes- an automatic,

unlearned response– Sucking– Swallowing– Grasping

Temperament- emotional excitability

Easy DifficultSlow to warm-up

Newborn Reflexes• Reflexes that are seen in the newborn indicate

that the nervous system is up and running.– Rooting reflex = looking for food– Grasping reflex = hanging on– Sucking reflex = receiving nourishment– Moro reflex = startle reflex

Reflex videoBaby Swimming

Motor Development

2 months-Lifts head 90

degrees when lying on stomach.

6 months- stands

holding on

12 months- walks well

3 months-Rolls over 5 months- Sits without support

Tomorrow we will look at cognitive development in

children. What does “cognitive”

mean?

Cognitive refers to thinking, memory, decision-making, and language development

Funny BabiesTalking Twins

Give your best estimate of the age at which approximately 50 percent of children begin to:

1. Laugh2. Pedal a tricycle3. Sit without support4. Feel ashamed5. Walk unassisted6. Stand on one foot for 10 seconds7. Recognize and smile at mother or

father8. Kick a ball forward9. Think about things that cannot be

seen10. Make a two word sentence.

Psychology Blog/Journal

What is your earliest memory of learning how to do something? Example, riding a bike, catching a ball. Describe the memory and include the methods used to teach you the task.