The CrusadesThe Crusades

Call for HelpCall for Help Byzantine Emperor Alexius Byzantine Emperor Alexius

Comnenus’s Comnenus’s

appeal (1093)appeal (1093) Come then, with all your people and give battle with all your strength, so that all Come then, with all your people and give battle with all your strength, so that all

this treasure shall not fall into the hands of the Turks…Therefore act while there this treasure shall not fall into the hands of the Turks…Therefore act while there is still time lest the kingdom of the Christians shall vanish from your sight and, is still time lest the kingdom of the Christians shall vanish from your sight and, what is more important, the Holy Sepulchre shall vanish. And in your coming you what is more important, the Holy Sepulchre shall vanish. And in your coming you will find your reward in heaven, and if you do not come, God will condemn you.will find your reward in heaven, and if you do not come, God will condemn you.

Pope Urban II issued a call for a Pope Urban II issued a call for a Crusade to regain control of the Holy Crusade to regain control of the Holy LandLand

11stst and 2 and 2ndnd Crusades Crusades Assured a place in heavenAssured a place in heaven ““God wills it”God wills it” 1097, 3 armies joined near 1097, 3 armies joined near ConstantinopleConstantinople The Crusaders captured the The Crusaders captured the city on July 15, 1099city on July 15, 1099 1144 Turks regained Edessa1144 Turks regained Edessa 22ndnd Crusade failed to capture Crusade failed to capture EdessaEdessa 1187 Jerusalem fell to Saladin1187 Jerusalem fell to Saladin

33rdrd Crusade CrusadeRecapturing JerusalemRecapturing Jerusalem

Richard the Lion-Hearted vs SaladinRichard the Lion-Hearted vs Saladin Truce in 1192Truce in 1192 Jerusalem remained under Muslim Jerusalem remained under Muslim

controlcontrol Later Crusades failedLater Crusades failed

Children’s CrusadeChildren’s Crusade 1212, French 12 year old boy, 1212, French 12 year old boy,

Stephen of CloyesStephen of Cloyes 30,000 children30,000 children

Germany, Nicholas of CologneGermany, Nicholas of Cologne 20,000 children and young adults20,000 children and young adults

Spanish CrusadeSpanish Crusade Muslims (Moors) controlled Spain Muslims (Moors) controlled Spain

until 1100suntil 1100s Reconquista: drive the Muslims outReconquista: drive the Muslims out 1400s Muslims held onto Granada1400s Muslims held onto Granada 1492, Christians took over Granada 1492, Christians took over Granada

under Ferdinand and Isabellaunder Ferdinand and Isabella Imposed the InquisitionImposed the Inquisition

Effects of the CrusadesEffects of the Crusades

Women had more opportunityWomen had more opportunity Trade expanded from Europe to Trade expanded from Europe to

Southwest AsiaSouthwest Asia Lessened power of the popeLessened power of the pope Intolerance and prejudice; left Intolerance and prejudice; left

Muslims bitter and angry towards Muslims bitter and angry towards Christians (still present)Christians (still present)