the crisis deepens chapter 14 – section 3. birth of the republican party, 1854 ßnorthern whigs....
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The Crisis Deepens
CHAPTER 14 – SECTION 3
Birth of the Republican Party, 1854
Birth of the Republican Party, 1854
ß Northern Whigs.
ß Northern Democrats.
ß Free-Soilers.
ß Know-Nothings. (Political party from 1854-1856 who was against Germans and Irish Catholic immigrants who they felt were ruining America)
ß Other miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
ß All came together to form the NEW Republican Party in 1854
ß Republicans win 105 of 245 seats in House elections!
ß Northern Whigs.
ß Northern Democrats.
ß Free-Soilers.
ß Know-Nothings. (Political party from 1854-1856 who was against Germans and Irish Catholic immigrants who they felt were ruining America)
ß Other miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
ß All came together to form the NEW Republican Party in 1854
ß Republicans win 105 of 245 seats in House elections!
1856 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION1856 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION
√ James Buchanan John C. Frémont Millard Fillmore Democrat Republican Whig √ James Buchanan John C. Frémont Millard Fillmore Democrat Republican Whig
1856Election Results
Fremont makes a strong showing
in the North!
1856Election Results
Fremont makes a strong showing
in the North!
Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857
DRED SCOTT• Dred Scott was a former slave owned by a U.S.
Army doctor that had moved from Illinois and Wisconsin to Missouri
• Scott sued for his freedom because Illinois and Wisconsin were free states
• Supreme Court Chief Justice Roger Tanney said Scott was not free for two reasons
• One he had no right to sue because he was black
• Two he was considered property!
• Tanney even went further to declare that Congress had no power to prohibit slavery and the Missouri Compromise was therefore unconstitutional
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taney_Arrest_Warrant#mediaviewer/File:Roger_B._Taney_-_Brady-Handy.jpg
REACTION• The South and all supporters of
slavery were dancing in the streets!
• Most Northerners and abolitionists were appalled!
• However, this decision lit the fire for many people who were undecided on the issue and gave rise to fuel the fire for the Lincoln-Douglas debates.
http://a4.files.biography.com/image/upload/c_fill,g_face,h_300,q_80,w_300/MTE5NTU2MzE2MjA1MzE5Njkx.jpg
http://ahistoryofhistory.weebly.com/uploads/1/4/1/9/14195332/544629092.jpg
The Lincoln-Douglas (Illinois Senate) Debates, 1858The Lincoln-Douglas (Illinois Senate) Debates, 1858
A House divided against itself, cannot stand.A House divided against itself, cannot stand.
o Lincoln opposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act that Douglas was responsible for
o “A house divided against itself cannot stand.”
o Lincoln did not want to ban slavery, just the spread of it.
Senator Stephen
Douglas the “Little Giant”
Senator Stephen
Douglas the “Little Giant”
Popular Sovereignty?
o Douglas was not for slavery, just popular sovereignty
o Made Lincoln out to be an abolitionist
o Was not for race equality, but so no reason why blacks should not have rights spelled out in D.O.I.
o Douglas wins in 1858
John Brown’s Raidon Harper’s Ferry, 1859
John Brown’s Raidon Harper’s Ferry, 1859
o After “Bleeding Kansas” John Brown goes east
o 1859 Brown and friends attack Harper’s Ferry and hope to create a slave uprising toward freedoms
o Brown was caught by Robert E. Lee and his troops
o Brown was hung, but became a hero of the North in the cause against slavery
o John Brown Song becomes a battle cry in 1861
• Sung to the same tune as “The Battle of the Hymn Republic”
The Coming of the Civil War
CHAPTER 14 – SECTION 4
Republican Party Platform in 1860Republican Party Platform in 1860
ß Non-extension of slavery [for the Free-Soilers].
ß Protective tariff [for the Industrialists].
ß No abridgment of rights for immigrants [a disappointment for the “Know-Nothings”].
ß Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the Northwest].
ß Internal improvements [for the West] at federal expense.
ß Free homesteads for the public domain [for farmers].
ß Non-extension of slavery [for the Free-Soilers].
ß Protective tariff [for the Industrialists].
ß No abridgment of rights for immigrants [a disappointment for the “Know-Nothings”].
ß Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the Northwest].
ß Internal improvements [for the West] at federal expense.
ß Free homesteads for the public domain [for farmers].
1860PRESIDENTIALELECTION
1860PRESIDENTIALELECTION
√ Abraham LincolnRepublican
√ Abraham LincolnRepublican
John BellConstitutional Union
John BellConstitutional Union
Stephen A. DouglasNorthern DemocratStephen A. DouglasNorthern Democrat
John C. BreckinridgeSouthern Democrat
John C. BreckinridgeSouthern Democrat
1860 Election: 3 “Outs” & 1 ”Run!”1860 Election: 3 “Outs” & 1 ”Run!”
1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!
1860
Election
Results
1860
Election
Results
Secession!: South Carolina first on Dec. 20, 1860
Secession!: South Carolina first on Dec. 20, 1860
THE CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
• From December 1860 – March 1861 when Lincoln is finally able to take the oath of office seven states have left the Union and voted to form their own country
• Jefferson Davis named President of the Confederate States of America
• Not all southerners are for secession, but their voices are not as powerful
Photo from - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jefferson_Davis
LINCOLN’S FIRST INAUGURATION
• March 4, 1861 he tries to ensure the seceded states that he has no intentions of ending slavery
• Also states that they have no right to break free and that if war results that it is their choice not his.
• Lincoln’s speech not accepted by the South and they take over post offices, forts and other federal property
Photo from - http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/abrahamlincoln
PROBLEMS CONTINUE FOR MR. LINCOLN AT FORT SUMTER
• South tried to starve out soldiers in the fort and force them to surrender from late December 1860 to early April 1861
• Lincoln does not want to lose the fort or be known for starting a war
• Decides to send food, but no guns or troop support
• South throws first punch!
Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861
INSIDE FORT SUMTER
• Your book provides a view of this for us!