the crime picture

The Crime PictureThe Crime Picture

Welcome to Unit 2!!!! Welcome to Unit 2!!!!

A few reminders….A few reminders….

• KU stands for Kaplan UniversityKU stands for Kaplan University• Each class is 10 weeks longEach class is 10 weeks long• Each week is called a UnitEach week is called a Unit• Each Unit has several graded Each Unit has several graded

items – check grade book!! items – check grade book!!

Each Unit/week starts on a Each Unit/week starts on a Wednesday and ends on the Wednesday and ends on the following Tuesday at midnightfollowing Tuesday at midnight

Most instructors will have grades Most instructors will have grades updated within a couple of days after updated within a couple of days after the Unit closes. the Unit closes.

Always check your grade book, Always check your grade book, course announcements and KU email course announcements and KU email

ReadingReading

• Reading – each Unit has a Reading – each Unit has a Reading link – tells you which Reading link – tells you which chapter(s) to readchapter(s) to read

• Electronic chapter and PPT Electronic chapter and PPT • Read both Read both

Discussion QuestionsDiscussion Questions

• Each Unit has a Discussion Board Each Unit has a Discussion Board QuestionQuestion

• Must give a Must give a 100 word answer 100 word answer • Must reply to at least 1 other Must reply to at least 1 other

student – student – qualityquality reply reply

Quizzes Quizzes

• Many Units will have a QuizMany Units will have a Quiz• You can always retake a quiz to You can always retake a quiz to

get a better gradeget a better grade• However, quizzes are only open However, quizzes are only open

during the open Unit, never during the open Unit, never accepted late. accepted late.

Seminars Seminars

• No seminars during Units 5 or 10No seminars during Units 5 or 10• Alternate seminar paper – 1 page Alternate seminar paper – 1 page

summary of what we covered summary of what we covered • Upload to DocSharing, NOT Upload to DocSharing, NOT

Dropbox Dropbox

TerminologyTerminology

Violent CrimeViolent Crime– Crimes against people that are Crimes against people that are

violent in natureviolent in nature Property CrimeProperty Crime

– Crimes committed against propertyCrimes committed against property Clearance RatesClearance Rates

– Number of crimes reported versus Number of crimes reported versus number of crimes solvednumber of crimes solved

Crime StatisticsCrime Statistics

Provide an overview of crime in Provide an overview of crime in this countrythis country

Decision makers use crime Decision makers use crime statistics to statistics to – Evaluate existing programsEvaluate existing programs– Plan new legislationPlan new legislation– Design new programsDesign new programs– Determine needs Determine needs

Sources of Crime Sources of Crime StatisticsStatistics

Uniform Crime Report (UCR)Uniform Crime Report (UCR)

* Crimes reported to police* Crimes reported to police

National Crime Victimization National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)Survey (NCVS)

* Crimes reported by victims* Crimes reported by victims

Uniform Crime ReportUniform Crime Report

Since 1930, FBI has been Since 1930, FBI has been compiling statistics on crimes compiling statistics on crimes known to policeknown to police

Police departments (about Police departments (about 16,000) voluntarily submit data16,000) voluntarily submit data

FBI puts data into the Crime IndexFBI puts data into the Crime Index

What is the Crime What is the Crime Index?Index? Measures Part 1 offenses of the Measures Part 1 offenses of the

UCRUCR Gives crime rate number and Gives crime rate number and

comparisons for regions, dates, comparisons for regions, dates, crimescrimes

Part 1 Offense (8)Part 1 Offense (8)

MurderMurderThe unlawful killing of another human The unlawful killing of another human

being.being.

● ● Least likely of the part 1 crimesLeast likely of the part 1 crimes

● ● Most likely to be clearedMost likely to be cleared

Part 1 Offenes (8)Part 1 Offenes (8)

Forcible RapeForcible RapeSexual relations with another by force Sexual relations with another by force

and/or without consentand/or without consent ● ● Least reported of all crimesLeast reported of all crimes ● ● Under UCR, only includes rapes of Under UCR, only includes rapes of

females females Rape is broken down into a variety of Rape is broken down into a variety of

categories (sexual battery, statutory categories (sexual battery, statutory rape, date rape)rape, date rape)

Part 1 Offenses (8)Part 1 Offenses (8)

RobberyRobbery

The unlawful taking or attempted The unlawful taking or attempted taking of the property of another taking of the property of another in the presence of the victim with in the presence of the victim with the use of threat or forcethe use of threat or force


Aggravated AssaultAggravated AssaultThe unlawful, intentional inflicting The unlawful, intentional inflicting or attempting to inflict serious or attempting to inflict serious bodily harm or injury of anotherbodily harm or injury of another● ● Assaults broken down into 2 Assaults broken down into 2 categories categories

SimpleSimpleAggravatedAggravated


Theft/LarcenyTheft/LarcenyThe unlawful taking or attempting to The unlawful taking or attempting to

take the property of another with the take the property of another with the intent to intent to

permanently deprive the otherpermanently deprive the other

● ● often not reported because loses often not reported because loses are smallare small

● ● includes trains, planes, boats, most includes trains, planes, boats, most farm equipmentfarm equipment


Motor Vehicle TheftMotor Vehicle TheftThe theft or attempted theft of a The theft or attempted theft of a

motor vehiclemotor vehicle

● ● motor vehicle is anything that is a motor vehicle is anything that is a self propelled road vehicle that runs self propelled road vehicle that runs on land surface and not on railson land surface and not on rails

● ● high reporting rates/low clearance high reporting rates/low clearance ratesrates


BurglaryBurglaryThe unlawful entry of a dwelling to The unlawful entry of a dwelling to

commit a felony or theftcommit a felony or theft


ArsonArson

Malicious, intentional burning of a Malicious, intentional burning of a structure.structure.

● ●damage must occurdamage must occur

Property v. PersonProperty v. Person

PropertyPropertyTheftTheft

Motor Vehicle TheftMotor Vehicle Theft

BurglaryBurglary

ArsonArson

PersonPersonMurderMurder

Forcible RapeForcible Rape

RobberyRobbery

Aggravated AssaultAggravated Assault

Part II Offenses Part II Offenses

All crimes except Part 1 crimes All crimes except Part 1 crimes and traffic offensesand traffic offenses

Less serious crimesLess serious crimes– FraudFraud– VandalismVandalism– DUIDUI– GamblingGambling

The New UCRThe New UCR

To enhance the quantity, quality To enhance the quantity, quality and timeline of crime data and timeline of crime data collection the National Incident-collection the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) Based Reporting System (NIBRS) is being createdis being created

Will look at every single crime Will look at every single crime that is committedthat is committed

The New UCRThe New UCR

AdvantagesAdvantages– Looks at all crimesLooks at all crimes– More accurateMore accurate– Differentiates between attempt and Differentiates between attempt and

commission of a crimecommission of a crime– Collect weapon informationCollect weapon information– Restructures assault and rapeRestructures assault and rape

National Crime National Crime Victimization Survey Victimization Survey (NCVS)(NCVS) Began in 1972 to discover the Began in 1972 to discover the

“dark figure of crime”“dark figure of crime” Based on victims self reporting Based on victims self reporting

crimescrimes Gathered by the US Bureau of Gathered by the US Bureau of

Justice StatisticsJustice Statistics Include 6 Part 1 crimes (not arson Include 6 Part 1 crimes (not arson

or murder)or murder)

UCR v. NCVSUCR v. NCVSHow are they the sameHow are they the same

Both provide crime Both provide crime estimatesestimates

Both limit types of crimes Both limit types of crimes

Both limit how they collect Both limit how they collect infoinfo

UCR v. NCVSUCR v. NCVSHow are they differentHow are they different

NCVS crimes are reported by victims. NCVS crimes are reported by victims. May not have been reported to policeMay not have been reported to police

NCVS looks at household crimes (total NCVS looks at household crimes (total crimes per household, not person)crimes per household, not person)

NCVS polls more peopleNCVS polls more people

Crime typologyCrime typology

Classification of crimes along a Classification of crimes along a particular dimensionparticular dimension– Legal categoriesLegal categories– Offender motivationOffender motivation– Victim/offender characteristicsVictim/offender characteristics

Crimes against womenCrimes against women

Crimes in which a women is the Crimes in which a women is the victimvictim

Crimes committed specifically Crimes committed specifically targets womentargets women

Usually crimes of violenceUsually crimes of violence– RapeRape– Domestic abuseDomestic abuse– StalkingStalking

Crimes against elderlyCrimes against elderly

Crimes committed against elderly Crimes committed against elderly peoplepeople

Victim and offender usually strangersVictim and offender usually strangers Both property and violent crimesBoth property and violent crimes Abuse/neglect by caregivers/familyAbuse/neglect by caregivers/family Often victims of theft/fraud schemesOften victims of theft/fraud schemes

Hate CrimesHate Crimes

Crimes which there is evidence of Crimes which there is evidence of prejudice bases on race, color, prejudice bases on race, color, gender, sexual orientation, gender, sexual orientation, ethnicity, religionethnicity, religion

Hate crimes are punished more Hate crimes are punished more severelyseverely

Corporate & White Corporate & White Collar CrimesCollar Crimes CorporateCorporate

– Violation of statute by a corporate identity Violation of statute by a corporate identity (those acting on behalf of a corporation)(those acting on behalf of a corporation)

– ““crime in the suits” crime in the suits” – Usually non-violentUsually non-violent

White Collar CrimesWhite Collar Crimes– Unlawful activity of members of highly Unlawful activity of members of highly

organized grouporganized group– Usually they supply illegal goods and Usually they supply illegal goods and

servicesservices

Gun CrimeGun Crime

The 2The 2ndnd Amendment provides the Amendment provides the Constitutional right to bear armsConstitutional right to bear arms

Approximately 1 million serious Approximately 1 million serious crimes committed a year involve crimes committed a year involve the use of handgunsthe use of handguns

Public concern has lead to Public concern has lead to creation of new laws regarding creation of new laws regarding firearmsfirearms– The Brady Handgun Bill (1994)The Brady Handgun Bill (1994)

Drug CrimeDrug Crime

Drugs and CrimeDrugs and Crime– Drug crimes not accounted for by Drug crimes not accounted for by

UCR or NCVSUCR or NCVS– Over ½ of inmates admit to being Over ½ of inmates admit to being

under the influence of drugs/alcohol under the influence of drugs/alcohol when they committed their offensewhen they committed their offense

– Using drugs/alcohol leads to other Using drugs/alcohol leads to other crimescrimes

High Technology and High Technology and Computer CrimeComputer Crime Computer CrimeComputer Crime

– Any crime perpetrated through the use of Any crime perpetrated through the use of a computera computer

Software piracySoftware piracy– Unauthorized duplication of software and Unauthorized duplication of software and

other dataother data Computer virusComputer virus

– A computer program designed to secretly A computer program designed to secretly invade other systems and alter the invade other systems and alter the information/how they operateinformation/how they operate

TerrorismTerrorism

No single definitionNo single definition In general, defined as:In general, defined as:

– a violent act or an act dangerous to a violent act or an act dangerous to human life committed in violation of human life committed in violation of criminal laws to intimidate to coerce criminal laws to intimidate to coerce a government or civilian populationa government or civilian population

The Cost of CrimeThe Cost of Crime

Crime costs individuals about $17.6 Crime costs individuals about $17.6 billion dollars a yearbillion dollars a year

That doesn’t include time lost from That doesn’t include time lost from work, medical expenseswork, medical expenses

Commercial costs about $1.2 billion Commercial costs about $1.2 billion dollars a yeardollars a year

State, local and federal expenditures State, local and federal expenditures total over $147 billion (investigation-total over $147 billion (investigation-prosecution)prosecution)

the crime picture

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