the continuing cold war “i have here in my hand a list of 205 (people) who were known to the...
TRANSCRIPT
The Continuing Cold War“I have here in my hand a list of 205
(people) who were known to the secretary of state as being members of the Communist Party and who, nevertheless, are still working and
shaping policy at the State Department” McCarthy
The McCarthy Era
McCarthy’s accusations sparked an anti-Communist hysteria and a national search for Communists
McCarthyism- refers to the smear tactics that Sen. McCarthy used to falsely accuse innocent people
McCarthy used his new power and name recognition to get reelected
McCarthy
McCarthy attacked a national hero in George Marshall author of the Marshall Plan, saying he was involved in a conspiracy to allow China to become Communist
Army attacked McCarthy for seeking special treatment for his aid
Hearings were called and when the citizens saw his tactics on TV, he quickly lost popularity
McCarthyism
QuickTime™ and aSorenson Video 3 decompressorare needed to see this picture.
McCarthyism (video clip 2)
QuickTime™ and aSorenson Video 3 decompressorare needed to see this picture.
The Cold War in the 1950s
Dwight D. Eisenhower became President in 1953
Eisenhower decided to continue the policy of containment
With the sudden death of Stalin in March 1953, Soviets policy became more moderate
Southeast Asia
Korean War ended with a peace treaty U.S. was aiding France, which was trying to retain
control of its colony, Vietnam When an international conference divided
Vietnam, like Korea, the U.S. provided aid to South Vietnam
http://app2.hotchalk.com/teacher/videos/132718
http://app2.hotchalk.com/teacher/videos/132553
The Middle East Holocaust forced many Jews to seek safety in
Palestine (controlled by G.B.), the Biblical home of the Jewish people.
Calls for a Jewish state intensified GB turned the issue over to the U.N. The U.N. created two states one Jewish one Arab The Arab state of viewed Jewish Israel as their
homeland and attacked the state U.S. supported Israel and Soviets supported the
Arabs
The Middle East A nationalist leader gained control of Iran The U.S., fearful of Iran becoming Communist,
supported the overthrow and restored the pro-American Shah of Iran to power
U.S. and G.B. cut off aid to Egypt, when they sought Soviet support
Egypt took control of the Suez Canal, fighting broke out. Soviets threatened war and NATO was withdrawn
U.S. troops put down a Lebanese revolt against its pro-American Gov’t
Map 27.3 American Global Defense Treaties in the Cold War Era (p. 795)
The Suez Crisis: 1956-1957
The Suez Crisis - 1956
QuickTime™ and aSorenson Video 3 decompressorare needed to see this picture.
Latin American
U.S. also supported pro-American Govts. in Latin America
U.S. sent troops to Nicaragua and Honduras to put into place pro-American leaders
U.S. also led the way to form pacts and organizations to united the Americas
CIA helped overthrow the govt. of Guatemala Soviets believed the war was escalating
Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
Hungarian Uprising - 1956 - crushed by The Soviet Union.
Protect Them (p. 782)
The Arms Race:A “Missile Gap?”
} The Soviet The Soviet Union Union exploded its exploded its first A-bomb in first A-bomb in 1949.1949.
} Now there Now there were two were two nuclear nuclear superpowers!superpowers!
The Arms Race
An arms race or struggle to gain weapons superiority between the U.S. and the Soviets
Nuclear Arsenals Both the U.S. and the Soviets invented thermonuclear
bombs or H-Bombs 750 times more powerful than the A-Bomb Deterrence - the policy of making the military power of
the United States and its allies so strong that no enemy would dare attack for fear of retaliation
Massive Retaliation - extreme reaction Brinksmanship - to the brink of war to prevent it
The Arms Race
Brinkmanship “The ability to get to the verge without getting
into the war is the necessary art. If you cannot master it, you inevitably get into war. If you try to run away from it, if you are scared to go the brink, you are lost.” Secretary Dulles
Duck and Cover
QuickTime™ and aSorenson Video 3 decompressorare needed to see this picture.
The Arms Race
Cold War in the Skies U.S. relied on Airplanes to deliver their Bombs Soviets developed ICBMs or intercontinental
ballistic missiles U.S. lagged behind the Soviets in missile
technology Soviets launch Sputnik, the first satellite to
orbit Earth Soviets also shot down a U-2 spy plane, which
the U.S. thought couldn’t be done
The Space Race
Soviet satellite October 1957 Americans fearful of
Soviet superiority in space
Sputnik I (1957)
The Russians have beaten America in space—they have the technological edge!
http://app2.hotchalk.com/teacher/videos/132225
Nixon-Khrushchev“Kitchen Debate” (1959)
Cold War ---> Cold War --->
TensionsTensions
<--- Technology <--- Technology
& Affluence & Affluence
U-2 Spy Incident (1960)
Col. Francis Gary Col. Francis Gary Powers’ plane was Powers’ plane was
shot down over shot down over Soviet airspace.Soviet airspace.