the constitution of germany

8/7/2019 The Constitution of Germany

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THE CONSTITUTION OF

GERMANY

M Nandini

IX A


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Introduction

Germany is officially, the Federal Republic of Germany

Country in Central Europe

Area - 357,021 square kilometers

Currency Euro

Government - Federal Parliamentary Republic of

sixteen states.

Worlds 4th largest economy

High standard of living and comprehensive system of

social security (Human Development Index (HDI) = 0.947

Scientific and technological leader in several fields.


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Government

Federal parliamentary

Representative democratic republic

Constitution released in 1949 known as Grundgesetz(Basic Law)

Head of Government the Chancellor : exercises

executive power, similar to role of Prime Minister (India) Federal legislative power is vested with the parliament.

Parliament:

Bundestag(Federal Diet)

Bundesrat(Federal Council)


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Government

Bundestag is elected through direct elections, by

proportional reperesentation

Bundesratrepresent the governments of 16 federal states

and are members of the state cabinets

The president is the Head of state and has representative

responsibilities and powers.

Elected by the Bundesversammlung(federal convention),an institution consisting of the members of the Bundestag

and an equal number of state delegates


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Law

Judiciary of Germany is independent ofthe executive and the legislativebranches.

Civil or statute law system based onRoman law with references to Germaniclaw

The Bundesverfassungsgericht (FederalConstitutional Court), located inKarlsruhe, is the German Supreme Courtresponsible for constitutional matters,with power of judicial review

It is the highest legal authority andensures that legislative and judicial

practice conforms to the Basic Law


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Legislative

Legislative power divided between the

federation and the state level

The Basic law presumes that all

legislative power remains at the statelevel unless designated by the basic

Law itself

Bundestagis the main body of the

legislative branch which enacts the

federal legislation, including the budget

Bundesratis the federal organ through

which the states participate in national

legislation


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Military

The Bundeswehr(Federal Defence

Force) comprises the unified armed

forces of Germany and their civil

administration and procurement

authorities.

The States of Germany are not allowed

to maintain armed forces of their own

Military force consists ofHeer(Army),

Marine (Navy), Luftwaffe (Air Force),Zentraler Sanittsdienst(Central Medical

Services) and Streitkrftebasis (Joint

Support Service) branches.

Military service is compulsory for men at

the age of 18


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Finance

The Bundesministerium der Finanzen (Federal Ministry of

Finance) is responsible for managing the federal budget.

The finance minister is the only minister who can veto a

decision of the government if it would lead to additionalexpenditure.


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Basic rights

Human Dignity

Liberty

Equality

Freedom of faith, of conscience, and of creed

Freedom of Expression

Marriage and family, illegitimate children

Education

Freedom of assembly

Freedom of association


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Basic rights

Privacy of letters, posts and telecommunications

Freedom of movement

Right to choose an occupation, prohibition of forced labor

Liability to military and other service

Inviolability of the home

Property, right of inheritance, taking of property

Socialization

Right of petition


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Reichstag German Parliament


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the constitution of germany

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