The Cold War – Part 1Things Get Chilly

Who is in charge of the post-war world?Yalta Conference- Feb 1945

At Yalta, GB, USSR, and the US decide how to structure the post-war world

Decisions: Creation of the United Nations

(UN) Formed to protect member nations against aggression and prevent war

Difference from League of Nations - Permanent members of the Security Council could VETO proposals

Members with veto power - US, USSR, China, France, GB

Conflicts Cold War

Post - WWII, the United States and the Soviet Union are no longer allies

Differences in ideology lead to diplomatic hostility

Ideological Differences

Economics— Capitalism vs.

Communism Government—

Democracy vs. Totalitarianism

Values— Freedom vs.

Equality Individualism vs.

Collectivism

Superpower Aims in Europe

United States Soviet Union

encourage democracy in other countries to help prevent

the rise of Communist governments

encourage communism in other countries as part of a

worldwide workers’ revolution

gain access to raw materials and markets to fuel booming

industries

rebuild its war-ravaged economy using Eastern

Europe’s industrial equipment and raw materials

rebuild European governments to promote stability and create new

markets for American goods

control Eastern Europe to protect Soviet borders and

balance the U.S. influence in Western Europe

reunite Germany to stabilize it and increase the security of

Europe

keep Germany divided to prevent its waging war again

U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion

U.S. adopts policy of containment, pledges to support nations that resist communism

Truman Doctrine: Use $$$ to prevent spread of Communism

Marshall Plan economic aid to Western Europe

allows Europe to rebuild helps create markets for U.S. goods

STOP! How do these posters reflect the mood of postwar Europe and the United States?

STOP! WHAT DO THESE CARTOONS

MEAN?

The Cold War – Part 2Clash of the Titans

Map Challenge!AustriaBelarusBelgiumCzech

RepublicDenmarkEstoniaFinlandFranceIrelandItalyLatvia

GermanyLichtensteinLithuaniaLuxembourgNetherlandsNorwayPolandPortugalRussia

SlovakiaSpainSwedenSwitzerlandTurkeyUnited KingdomUkraine

Map Challenge!

Conflict - Berlin Airlift

US and GB try to reunify Germany, combine zones into one territory

USSR holds West Berlin hostage

US airlifted supplies into city, allowing its residents to survive

A Divided World

The US and the USSR organize military alliances

NATO (US and friends) vs. Warsaw Pact (USSR and friends)

Nuclear weaponsSpyingSpace race

Winston Churchill and the “Iron Curtain”

Soviets wanted to shield themselves from future attack (do you blame them?)

Communist neighbors (Poland, Romania, Bulgaria) would help

”Iron Curtain” - the line of Soviet Control in E. Euro

Use E. Euro to rebuild economies A “thank you” for liberating

you?

Soviet Actions During Cold War 1961 – construction of the Berlin Wall

Soviet Actions During Cold War USSR crushes

opposition in Hungary and Czechoslovakia Keep power at all

costs! U.S. CIA

overthrows leaders in Guatemala, Chile, Iran, others Keep them non-

Communist at all costs!

Hungarians Topple a Stalin Statue

Conflict in Cuba

1959- Communist Fidel Castro overthrew U.S.-supported Fulgencio Batista

1961- Bay of Pigs invasion (backed by U.S.) fails

1962- Cuban Missile Crisis

Castro

Batista

Bay of Pigs Invasion -April 17, 1961

U.S.-aided invasion of Cuba by rebels trained by the CIA▪ “epic failure” - major disaster▪ President Kennedy did not send in air support▪ the revolt failed miserably

How did the Cold War end?

Mikhail Gorbachev: Premier of USSR 1983-91

Worked with President Reagan to open up USSR to “glasnost” (freedom of speech) and “perestroika” (capitalism)

Eventually lost support of Communist Party and resigned after Communist Party’s coup-d’etat in 1991

November 9,1989-Beginning of the End of Communism in Europe

Now what for Europe?

Nations try to be economically powerful again.

Form European Union (EU) Join nations

together to become strong global economic power as a group

Euro

Processing – put the puzzle together

Now you need to create a one-page study guide reviewing the major terms so far. Show links and connections

Yalta Conference (end of WW2)

Agreed to

Agreed to

Division of Germany and Berlin (US on west and USSR on east)

Creation of the UN w/ Security Council - US, USSR, China, GB, and France have veto

Origin of the Cold War – disagreements here spill over

Term list

Yalta Conference United Nations Division of

Germany Ideologies Containment Truman Doctrine Marshall Plan

Berlin Airlift NATO / Warsaw

Pact Iron Curtain Berlin Wall Cuban Missile

Crisis Fall of the USSR European Union