the cold war
DESCRIPTION
The Cold War. Yalta Conference. At the end of WWII, the Big Three met to decide what to do with Europe once the war was over. They agreed to divide Germany in to four occupied zones They agreed to create the United Nations They agree to try Nazi war criminals. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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THE COLD WAR
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YALTA CONFERENCE At the end of WWII,
the Big Three met to decide what to do with Europe once the war was over.
They agreed to divide Germany in to four occupied zones
They agreed to create the United Nations
They agree to try Nazi war criminals
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IRON CURTAIN: INVISIBLE BOUNDARY BETWEEN DEMOCRATIC COUNTRIES AND COMMUNIST COUNTRIES
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Truman Doctrine: America will support ANY nation that struggles against Communism. This policy is also known as containment. The first two countries that are assisted are Turkey and Greece!
This idea is laid out in a letter from George Kennan, also called “The Long Note”.
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I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures.I believe that we must assist free peoples to work out their own destinies in their own way
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MARSHALL PLAN America gives money so that European
nations can rebuild. We offer money to the Soviet Union and they
reject it
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NATO: NORTHERN ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION
NATO is an organization of “collective defense” against Communism.
Stalin’s response was the “Warsaw Pact” made up of the USSR and various satellite nations.
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BERLIN WALL
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BERLIN AIRLIFT Stalin built a
blockade around West Berlin, cutting off supplies.
The US sent supplies in to Western Germany using aircraft from WWII
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KOREAN CONFLICT: 1950-1953
Korea was divided along the 38th parallel
North Korea began to antagonize South Korea and the UN agreed to send peace keeping forces led by American troops.
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MACARTHUR FIRED!
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EISENHOWER BECOMES PRESIDENT!
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OVERTHROW OF IRAN! CIA overthrows Iran and
places the Shah in power, believing that he will fight against Communism
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EISENHOWER DOCTRINE AND THE SUEZ CRISIS! The Eisenhower Doctrine stated that the US would help
any Middle Eastern nation threatened by Communism Egyptian leader Nasser attempted to create a giant
Arab state and nationalized the Suez Canal England and France, concerned about loss of the canal,
encouraged Israel to attack Egypt American troops responded quickly
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CUBA FALLS TO CASTRO
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U-2 INCIDENT After Stalin’s death,
there seemed to be home for reconciliation between the Soviets and the Americans under the new leadership of Nikita Khruschev.
Nikita Khruschev and Eisenhower agreed to “clear skies”
A US spy plane was shot down over USSR, proving that the US was spying
This chilled relations between the Soviet Union an the US
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KENNEDY WINS!
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PEACE CORPS Created by Kennedy to bring sanitations and
education to “third world” nations that might fall to Communism
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SPACE RACE
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BAY OF PIGS: AMERICA BACKED CUBAN EXILES’ INVASION OF CUBA
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CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS Americans spy planes found evidence that Soviet
missiles were present in Cuba John F. Kennedy created a military quarantine around
Cuba until the missiles were removed. This was interpreted as an act of war by Khruschev
For nine days, the world stood at the brink of nuclear war and were concerned, for the first time, about MAD (mutually assured destruction)
Khruschev eventually removed the missiles in return for the removal of American missiles in Turkey
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VIETNAM Originally owned by France,
also called Indochina Divided along the 19th Parallel United States sets up a
democracy-friendly government in the South and promises aid
American beings policy of “escalation”
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HO CHI MINH TRAIL America is fighting the VietCong and North
Vietnamese in a guerilla war
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LBJ IS PRESIDENT!
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GULF OF TONKIN RESOLUTION: PRESIDENT CAN MOVE TROOPS WITHOUT CONGRESSIONAL AUTHORIZATION An American tanker was sunk in the Gulf of
Tonkin LBJ calls this “communist aggression”
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MY LAI MASSACRE
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NIXON BECOMES PRESIDENT!
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TET OFFENSIVE American troops are
attacked during the Vietnamese New Year, known as Tet
The battle is incredibly bloody but Americans are able to remove the North Vietnamese from Saigon
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ANTI WAR PROTESTS BEGIN! Sit its Teach ins Marches
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VIETNAMIZATION Nixon’s policy to
expand, equip and prepare the South Vietnamese to fight for themselves
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NIXON BEGINS SECRET BOMBINGS OF LAOS AND CAMBODIA (OPERATION MENU)
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KENT STATE Four college students are shot at Kent State
University during an anti war protest
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DÉTENTE: DECREASING TENSIONS BETWEEN THE SOVIET UNION AND THE US
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KISSINGER AND PING PONG DIPLOMACY
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VIETNAM ENDS!- PARIS PEACE ACCORDS
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FORD BECOMES PRESIDENT!
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FALL OF SAIGON- 1975!
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JIMMY CARTER BECOMES PRESIDENT!
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SALT I AND SALT II Strategic Arms Limitations Treaties- attempts
to limit the amount of arms and nuclear weaponry held by each country (first is under Ford)
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AFGHANISTAN INVADED BY SOVIET UNION
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RONALD REAGAN BECOMES PRESIDENT!
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GLASNOST: POLICY OF OPENNESS AND HONESTY BETWEEN USSR AND US
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STRATEGIC DEFENSE INITIATIVE: STAR WARS PROGRAM!
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1989: THE BERLIN WALL FALLS! Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!