THE CIVILIZATION

OF KUSH

6th GradeSocial Studies

REVIEW

You learned that Egypt was divided into three periods: the Old, Middle, and New.

You also learned that Egypt was very powerful at times, and very weak at others. Eventually, Egypt fell to more powerful armies who wielded iron weapons.

BIG IDEA (S)

To the south of Egypt, the Nubians settled in farming villages and became powerful warriors

The people of Kush devoted themselves to ironworking and grew wealthy from trade

AFTER THIS SECTION, YOU WILL BE ABLE TO:

Discuss the way of life of the Nubians Identify the location of Kush Explain why Kush prospered

5

What is this map showing us?

Describe the relative location of Kush

NATURAL RESOURCES OF KUSH

Gold mines

Ivory

Incense

Iron ore

6

NUBIA

Nubia was a society further south of Egypt, along the Nile (later called Kush)

Excellent hunters and warriors

KINGDOM OF KUSH

Stronger villages took over weaker ones Formed the kingdom of Kush at the

capital Kerman Traded with Egyptians (Egyptians even

hired Nubian warriors) Kush became a wealthy kingdom

PARTNER CHECK: INFERENCE

Later historians, like the Greek historian Herodotus, had difficulty distinguishing between Egyptian and Kushite culture. Why do you think so? What does this tell us about these two cultures?

EGYPT INVADES NUBIA Stronger villages took over weaker ones Formed the kingdom of Kush at the

capital Kerman Traded with Egyptians (Egyptians even

hired Nubian warriors) Kush became a wealthy kingdom

WHY WAS KUSH IMPORTANT TO EGYPT? Barrier against enemies from the south.

They served as a neutral zone Gold mines were in Kush and Egypt

wanted control of the gold for themselves

Geographic location: all trade had to go through Kush (ivory, animal skins, ostrich feathers, spices, ebony, ivory)

11

RISE OF KUSH Kush broke away from Egypt

when Egypt became weak Rules from city of Napata Napata was on a trade route

(why would this be beneficial?) Piye and Kashta went north to

conquer Egypt Kushite culture emulated

(copied) much of Egyptian culture

IDENTIFY CAUSES AND EFFECTS

Read pg 124 and complete the cause and effect chart

13

Egyptian pharaohs Got worried becauseKush was growing Wealthy and building A strong armyWill they attack?

A CHANGE IN POWER

14

Kush grew stronger.

Egypt is conquered by Kush

Egypt is conquered by Kush

Pharaohs of Egypt grew weaker

Kashta (a king in Kush) attacked and took Upper Egypt

Created relations with lower Egypt

Piankhi took Upper Egypt b/c "the gods wanted him to"

Shabaka declared himself pharaoh

25th, or Kushite Dynasty

Tried to restore Egyptian culture and temples, so it thrived

Assyrians came in with their iron weapons and pushed Kushites out of Egypt

IMPORTANCE OF IRON

Assyrians invaded Egypt and drove Kushites out

Kushites learned the secret of iron weapons from the Assyrians

Soon, Kushites were using iron tools (they became more. efficient farmers and warriors)

Kushites began trading iron Mm. far away, and brought back many new resources

Check out the big book for info on the Assyrians

A NEW CAPITAL

Kushites moved capital to Meroe to be out of reach of the Assyrians (so did they move south or north?)

City was built to look Egyptian Center of trade for the region for hundreds

of years

Go to pg.128 in your book and analyze the map

KUSHITE PYRAMIDS

PRACTICE NOTE-TAKING SKILLS

Set up a T-chart to take cornel notes Read pages 128-131 Take notes on the important ideas Sub-headings (red) tell us main

topics These go on the left Find important details on the right

18

PARTNER QUICK CHECK

Why is trade so important, and how did geography, or where people decided to set up their cities, influence whether or not they became wealthy and powerful?