THE CIVIL WAR

1861-1865

Opening Shots

April 12, 1861. Confederate Army fires on Union held Ft. Sumter in S.C.

After 34 hours of shelling, the Union commander of Ft. Sumter surrenders.

Choosing Sides States in the Confederacy (South) TX,LA,MISS,ARK,ALA,GA,FLA,SC,NC,VA,

TEN

States in the Union (North) CA,OR,KS,IA,MN,WI,IL,MI,IN,OH,PA,NY,NJ CT,RI,MA,VT,ME,NH

States who stayed neutral (Border) MO,KY,W.VA,MD,DE

Strengths NORTH

Also known as the Union71% of population lived in the Union85% of nation’s factories located in

the UnionUnion had double the railroads of the

ConfederacyAlmost all the navyPresident Lincoln

Strengths SOUTH

Also known as the Confederacy Good generals Fighting a defensive war Short supply lines Defending home and way of lifeRobert E. Lee

Union Leaders

Abraham Lincoln- President of the United States during the Civil War.

Ulysses S. Grant- Commander of Union forces

William T. Sherman- Union general who destroyed everything in his path on his “March to the Sea”.

Abraham Lincoln

Ulysses S. Grant

William T. Sherman

Southern Leaders

Jefferson Davis- President of the Confederate States of America.

Robert E. Lee- Commanding general of the Confederate Army.

George Pickett- led charge at Gettysburg.

Jefferson Davis

Robert E. Lee

George Pickett

Major Battles Ft. Sumter, SC (1861) Beginning of Civil

War. Antietam, MD (1862): Bloodiest battle of

war Led to Emancipation Proclamation. Vicksburg, MS (1863): Union gains control

of the Miss. River. Gettysburg, PA (1863): Largest battle of

Civil War. Turning point. Union begins to win.

Appomattox Court House, VA (1865): Lee surrenders to Grant. War ends. Union wins!

The Emancipation Proclamation

President Lincoln announces that all slaves in the Southern states are free.

This did not apply to those in border states.

Lincoln couldn’t afford to make the border states mad. He was afraid they would join the Confederacy.

Southerners felt that Lincoln had no power over them, so they ignored the Proclamation.