the civil rights movement goals & achievements - desegregation -
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The Civil Rights Movement Goals & Achievements - Desegregation - . Review – Label each era with the correct dates. . Slavery ( - ) U.S. Civil War ( - ) Jim Crow Era ( - ) Civil Rights Movement ( - ). - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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The Civil Rights MovementGoals & Achievements
- Desegregation -
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Review – Label each era with the correct dates.
• Slavery ( - )
• U.S. Civil War ( - )
• Jim Crow Era ( - )
• Civil Rights Movement ( - )
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Time Periods - Question:Which time period is also known as the “Segregation Era”?
A. Slavery EraB. U.S. Civil WarC. Jim Crow EraD. Civil Rights Movement
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Time Periods - Question:
Which era ended in the 1950s?
A. Slavery EraB. U.S. Civil WarC. Jim Crow EraD. Civil Rights Movement
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Review – Label each era with the correct dates.
• Slavery (1500s - 1865)
• U.S. Civil War (1861 - 1865)
• Jim Crow Era (1865 – 1950s)
• Civil Rights Movement (mid 1950s – late 1960s)
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Outline of Today’s Lecture
I. DesegregationA. TransportationB. EducationC. Other Public Places
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1955 - Montgomery, AL
Rosa Parks was arrested for violating segregation law.
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1955 - Montgomery, ALBus Boycott
walking to workcarpooling
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1955 - Montgomery, AL - Bus Boycott
"And we are not wrong. We are not wrong in what we are doing. If we are wrong, then the Supreme Court of this Nation is wrong. If we are wrong, the Constitution of the United States is wrong. If we are wrong, God Almighty is wrong. If we are wrong, justice is a lie."
Martin Luther King - 1955
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1956 – Bus Desegregation
Rosa Parks rides the bus after the Supreme Court decision.
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….. transportation segregation continues!
BUT….6 years later……
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1961 - Freedom Rides - SNCC
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1961 - Freedom Rides
State and Local Police tried to enforce local segregation laws. They threatened the riders.
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1961 - Freedom Rides
306 riders were arrested in Jackson, Mississippi for violating local segregation laws.
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1961 - Freedom Rides - SNCC
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1961 - Freedom Rides
Many riders were beaten by the KKK.
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1961 - Freedom Rides
In Alabama, a bus was firebombed.
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1961 - Freedom Rides – SUCCESS!1. National Attention
2. 1962 – Another Supreme Court Decision: All transportation facilities must desegregate!
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School Desegregation
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Regional School Segregation Laws
= school segregation required by state law = school segregation allowed by state law = school segregation prohibited by state law = no legislation about school segregation
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Review QuestionWhich statement was true about Michigan schools during the Jim Crow Era?
A. All public schools in MI were racially segregated by law.
B. Public schools were racially integratedC. Public schools in MI were not legally
segregated, but there was de facto racial segregation.
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Review QuestionWhich statement was true about Michigan schools in the 1950s?
A. All public schools in MI were racially segregated by law.
B. Public schools were racially integratedC. Public schools in MI were not legally
segregated, but there was de facto racial segregation.
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1954 - Brown v. Board of Education
SC decision: “Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.”
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"Little Rock, 1959. Rally at state capitol” (J.T. Bledsoe)
Resistance to School Desegregation
LOOK: McCarthyism!↓
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Tension between federal and state governments
↓Federal government had to enforce
desegregation in the South.
Let’s look at 2 famous examples...
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1957 – Little Rock Central High School
“The Little Rock Nine”
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1957 – Little Rock Central High School
The Governor ordered state soldiers to block the students from entering the school.
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1957 – Little Rock Central High School
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1957 – Little Rock Central High School
The white mob was screaming, “Lynch her!”
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A lynching (not related to Little Rock)
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1957 – Little Rock Central High School
“I looked into the face of an old woman and it seemed a kind face, but when I looked at her again, she spat on me.”
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1957 - Little Rock Central High School
U.S. Troops escort African American students from Central High School, Little Rock, Arkansas, October 1957.
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1957 - Little Rock Central High School
The unhappy governor
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1963 – University of Alabama
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George Wallace - Quotes
"The President (JFK) wants us to surrender this state to Martin Luther King and his group of pro-Communists who have instituted these demonstrations.”
“Segregation now, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever!
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Federal Response
President Kennedy sent federal troops to enforce integration and protect the students
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1968 Presidential Election
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Desegregating Public Spaces“Sit-ins”
1960 – Greensboro, North Carolina
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“Sit-ins” copied all over the South
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“Sit-ins” were copied all over the South
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“Sit-ins” gain attention
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II. VOTING RIGHTS (Next lecture!)
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REVIEW: When did all black Americans get the legal right to vote?
A.1776B.1865C.1870D.1964
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Denial of Civil Rights
• Civil Rights = the rights of all U.S. citizens
• 1865 – Slavery abolished by 13th Amendment. Former slaves became citizens.
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Denial of Civil Rights: Voting
• 1870 – 15th Amendment banned racial discrimination in voting.
• State Laws made it difficult for blacks to vote:– Poll taxes– Grandfather rules– Literacy tests
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Homework: • Label your timeline• Review Lecture (Complete last page.)
• Highlight states•Make notes about discussion questions•Write a discussion question• Any questions for the teacher?