THE CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF THE ETHYL

ACETATE EXTRACT OF THE STEMS OF POLYALTHIA

BULLATA

MOHD AFIF BIN WASIS

Final Year Project Report Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the

Degree of Bachelor of Science (Hons.) Applied Chemistry in the Faculty of Applied Sciences

Universiti Teknologi MARA

NOVEMBER 2008

This Final Year Project Report entitled "THE CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF THE ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACT OF THE STEMS OF POLYALTHIA BULLATA" was submitted by Mohd Afif Bin Wasis, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science (Hons.) Applied Chemistry, in the Faculty of Applied Sciences, and was approved by

Puan Faridahanim Binti Mohd Jaafar Supervisor

B. Sc. (Hons.) Applied Chemistry Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA

40450 Shah Alam Selangor

Miss Sabnna ointi M. Yahaya Project Coordinator

B.Sc (Hons) Applied Chemistry Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA

Dr. Yusairie Head of Programme

B.Sc. (Hons) Applied Chemistry Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA

Date lll*lo*

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First of all, I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation to my

supervisor, Puan Faridahanim Mohd Jaafar, for his advice, valuable guidance,

inspiring suggestions, and motivation during the hard time for accomplished of

this Final Year Project. Subsequently, I would like to thank all the postgraduate

students of natural product studies who have always supported and helped me

in completing my project successfully. My heartiest thanks and appreciation are

for my parents, Encik Wasis Bin Kasan and Rokiah Binti Mohd Johan for their

never ending support. To all my friends who have been very helpful, I will

remember every moment that has been shared together. Last but not least,

thank to all laboratory assistants for their helped and supported me until I

finished this project

iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii TABLE OF CONTENTS iv LIST OF TABLE iv LIST OF FIGURE v LIST OF ABREVATIONS ABSTRACT ABSTRAK

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1

CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction 4

2.2 Plant Morphology

2.2.1 Annonaceae 5

2.2.2 Polyalthia 7

2.2.3 Polyalthia bullata 7

2.3 Traditional Uses

2.3.1 Polyalthia 8

2.3.2 Polyalthia bullata 8

2.4 Biological Activities

2.4.1 Polyalthia 9

2.5 Medicinal Values

ABSTRACT

THE CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF THE ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACT OF THE STEMS OF POLYALTHIA BULLATA

Polyalthia Bullata is a plant that is traditionally effective as an aphrodisiac for men. In Malaysia, this plant is known as Tongkat Ali Hitam or Tongkat Ali Baginda. The stem bark of Polyalthia Bullata underwent successive solvent extraction using hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol. The crude ethyl acetate extract was subjected to column and thin layer chromatography. Phytochemical analysis on the stem bark of Polyalthia Bullata yielded the known aporphine isoquinoline alkaloid, liriodenine. The compound was identified by UV, IR, GC-MS and NMR and compare with the literature. The weight and % yield of the compound were 3.8 mg and 0.4524 % respectively

vu