The challenges to live on land and the will to survive

The sun can be brutal!

Bryophytes

Bryophytes

What makes them so simple?

•They are non vascularo They live only centimeters of the ground and

rely on osmosis for movement into the cells.

•They rely on water for reproduction.o They produce spores not seeds.o Sperms needs water to swim to the egg.

These spores have a protective case that protects the haploid cells

Until they find a suitable spot to begin dividing.

Once the young gametophyte forms, the sperm and egg will be released.

Gametophyte Stage (haploid)

Sporophyte Stage (diploid)

Capsule

Stalk

The dominant stage is the gametophyte stage

The ferns can do it better!

Are vascularHave a xylem and phloemCan grow taller

Still rely on water for reproducing.•They are seedless

Haploid gametophyte (N)

Diploid sporophyte (2N)

MEIOSIS

FERTILIZATION

Maturesporophyte(2N)

Gametophyte(N)

Frond

Sperm

Egg

Spores(N)

Developingsporophyte(2N)

embryo(2N)

Maturegametophyte(N)

Younggametophyte(N)

Sporangium(2N)

Section 22-3

The Life Cycle of a Fern

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male

female

Gametophyte (haploid) of a fern

Sporophyte (diploid) of Fern

Dominate Stage

Pinna

Sori