the challenge and promise of energy systems integration
TRANSCRIPT
The Challenge and Promise of Energy Systems Integration
Bryan Hannegan, Ph.D.Associate Laboratory Director
September 28, 2016
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• Founded as Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI) in 1977• Designated national laboratory in 1991 and renamed National
Renewable Energy Laboratory• Today managed by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC, for
the U.S. Dept. of Energy
• Nearly 1,700 employees• Campus is a model of sustainable energy• National economic impact of $872M annually• 657 active partnerships with industry, academia, and government
NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY LABORATORY 2
ABOUT NREL
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i
Analysis & System Integration
Provides market insight and informs landscape
Innovation & Application
Responds to market challenges with solutions and identifies knowledge gaps
Foundational Knowledge
Scientific discovery that fills gaps and disrupts current-generation technology
Market-Relevant Solutions
Three Pillars
Impact
NREL advances the science and engineering of energy efficiency, sustainable transportation and renewable power technologies, and provides the knowledge to integrate and optimize energy systems.
We provide an Integrated Approach to Market‐Relevant Solutions
NREL MISSION
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GROWTH IN VARIABLE RENEWABLES
Source: DOE “Revolution Now”, 2015
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NEW CUSTOMER DEMANDS
Source: DOE “Revolution Now”, 2015
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DOE GRID MODERNIZATION INITIATIVE
OtherGov’t
An aggressive five‐year grid modernization strategy for the Department of Energy that includes
• Alignment of the existing base activities among DOE offices
• An integrated Multi‐Year Program Plan (MYPP)
• New activities to fill major gaps in existing base
• Development of a laboratory consortium with core scientific abilities and regional outreach
TechnologyStakeholdersInstitutional
Stakeholders
EPSA
FE EERE
OES1
CFO
SC
ARPA‐E
NE
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GRID MODERNIZATION MULTI‐YEAR PROGRAM PLAN
Foundational R&D
Clean Distribution
Feeder
Low Reserve Margin Demo
Grid Analytics Platform
Regional Demonstrations
Sensing and Measurement
Devices and Integrated Systems
System Operations and Control
Design and Planning Tools
Security and Resilience
Institutional Support
http://energy.gov/downloads/grid‐modernization‐multi‐year‐program‐plan‐mypp
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GRID MODERNIZATION LABORATORY CONSORTIUM
Sensing and
Measurement
Security and
Resilience
87 projects, $220M over 3 years
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REGIONAL DEMONSTRATIONS
Goals:► Reliable operations with
<=10% reserve margin; >33% variable wind, solar
► New capability for grid operators to leverage and manage distribution-level grid services
► Data-driven tools for precise, predictive real time grid operations
Target Partners:► Transmission Utilities► System Operators
Goals: ► Demonstrate reliable and
affordable feeder operations with >50% DER penetration
► Coordinated microgrid(s) control for resilience (20% fewer outages, 50% shorter recovery time)
► Distributed, hierarchical control for clean energy and new customer-level services
Target Partners: ► Distribution utilities► Cities and municipalities with
ambitious clean energy goals
Goals: ► Use coupled T&D grid
planning models with 1000x speed-up to address specific grid-related issues
► Work with States to evaluate new business models, impacts of policy decisions
Target Partners: ► States and local regulators► Distribution utilities► New market participants
Lean Reserve Bulk Power Systems
Clean Distribution Systems
Grid Planning and Analytics
Three types of public‐private partnerships that will accelerate transition of Foundational R&D outcomes to widespread deployment at scale
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Addressing the challenges of large‐scale integration of clean energy technologies into the energy systems infrastructure
http://www.nrel.gov/esif
OfficesHPC ‐ DCLaboratories• NREL’s largest R&D facility
(182,500 ft2 /20,000 m2) • NREL’s first DOE‐designated
User Facility• Space for ~200 NREL staff
and research partners• Petascale HPC and data
center supports the entire DOE mission
• Labs focus on R&D of integrated energy systems
• Electricity• Fuels• Transportation• Buildings
• Integrated electrical, thermal, fuel, water, and data infrastructure
“This new facility will allow for an even stronger partnership with manufacturers, utilities and researchers to help integrate more clean, renewable energy into a smarter, more reliable and more resilient power grid.” ‐ Energy Secretary Ernest Moniz
ENERGY SYSTEMS INTEGRATION FACILITY (ESIF)
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System Performance LabResidential Buildings & Loads
Power SystemsIntegration Lab
Power Electronics, Microgrids
Hydrogen SystemsIntegration LabFuel Cells, Electrolyzers
Outdoor Test AreasEVs, Power Transformers,Microturbines, Generators
Rooftop Test AreaWind, Solar
Energy Storage LabBatteries and Thermal
Energy Storage
Control RoomADMS Testbed
Optical Characterization LabCommercial Buildings & Loads
ESIF: A SELF‐CONTAINED ENERGY SYSTEM
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SolarCityHawaiian Electric Company
Research Focus: Load rejection overvoltage control with advanced inverters
Impact: • Waiting customers connected; 15 MW
new rooftop PV enabled. • Ceiling for distributed PV raised from
120% minimum daytime load to 250%.• Interconnection standards and codes
modified to require advanced inverters.
Next Steps: • GMLC Hawaii Regional Partnership on
Grid Frequency Support
ESIF SUCCESS STORIES
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Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority
Research Focus: Demonstrate utility-scale solar PV systems can provide needed grid services
Impact: First of a kind real world experiment: 20 MW solar plant used for grid stability• Followed Automatic Generation
Control signal• Provided Up- and Down-Regulation
to support frequency• Deployed all reserve within 500ms• New controls deployed and validated
Next Steps: • FirstSolar/CA ISO 300 MW Demo
http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy16osti/65368.pdf
AES Illumina 20MW PV Power Plant
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ESIF SUCCESS STORIES
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Duke Energy GE Grid Solutions
Research Focus: Use Distributed Management System (DMS) platform to test voltage control of advanced inverters on a distribution feeder.
Impact:• Integrated DMS very successful at
managing voltage and reducing equipment operations.
• DMS linked with power hardware-in-the-loop grid simulation.
Next Steps: • GMLC Open Advanced DMS
Project with Testbed
ESIF SUCCESS STORIES
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Smarter Grid Solutions
Research Focus: Show that “active network management” can increase DER on distribution grids to >50% penetration.
Impact: • Demonstrated “smart home” use
case: integrated and coordinated control of residential PV, EV charging, and battery storage.
• Demonstrated “smart campus” use case ability to manage larger PV, controllable loads, EV charging, and battery storage.
Next Steps: • Deployment in CA and NY http://www.nrel.gov/esi/news/2016/27963
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ESIF SUCCESS STORIES
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Eastern Renewable Generation Integration Study
Research Focus: Analyze impacts of high-penetration renewables on grid operations
Impact: • Highest temporal and spatial resolution
modeling and analysis of Eastern Interconnection ever completed
• Demonstrated potential to operate grid reliably with 300+ GW of wind and solar
• HPC innovations enabled solve-time reduced from 545 to 19 days
Next Steps:• GMLC Interconnection Seams Study• GMLC North American Renewables
Integration Study
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jx9_4GNkbIQ
ESIF SUCCESS STORIES
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WHAT’S NEXT – HYDROGEN AT SCALE
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Characterize “as is” stateCharacterize “as is” state
Engage stakeholders to define priorities
Engage stakeholders to define priorities
Formulate future
scenarios
Formulate future
scenarios
Hardware and
software modeling
Hardware and
software modeling
Explore “what if” questions
Explore “what if” questions
Create design
blueprint
Create design
blueprint
Develop supporting institutions
Develop supporting institutions
Deploy and validate
Deploy and validate
A systems approach to energy transformation: applicable at multiple
scales, different levels of maturity
WHAT’S NEXT – CLEAN ENERGY SYSTEMS DESIGN