The Cell: The Basic The Cell: The Basic Unit of LifeUnit of Life

The CellThe Cell

The Cell has many parts. The Cell has many parts.

Each part has a specific job and Each part has a specific job and plays an important part in the life plays an important part in the life of a cell.of a cell.

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Animal Cell

Warm UpWarm Up____ 1. Provides energy for the cell by ____ 1. Provides energy for the cell by

breaking down glucose molecules.breaking down glucose molecules.

____ 2. Converts light energy to chemical ____ 2. Converts light energy to chemical energy for the plant cell through energy for the plant cell through photosynthesis.photosynthesis.

____ 3. This organelle controls all cell ____ 3. This organelle controls all cell activities.activities.

____ 4. Is selectively permeable.____ 4. Is selectively permeable.

  ____ 5. A gelatin-like substance that is the ____ 5. A gelatin-like substance that is the site of many chemical reactions in the cell.site of many chemical reactions in the cell.

Cell MembraneCell Membrane

Structure: protective layer that surrounds Structure: protective layer that surrounds the cell.the cell.

Composed of lipids and phospholipids.Composed of lipids and phospholipids. Function: controls interactions between Function: controls interactions between

the environment and the inside of the cell.the environment and the inside of the cell.

CytoplasmCytoplasm

Structure: Gelatin like Structure: Gelatin like substance inside cell, substance inside cell, constantly flowing.constantly flowing.

Function: Function:

a) keeps the cell moist.a) keeps the cell moist.

b) allows for chemical b) allows for chemical reactions to take place.reactions to take place.

CytoskeletonCytoskeleton

Structure: Structure: framework made framework made up of thin hollow up of thin hollow tubes. tubes.

Function: Helps Function: Helps the cell maintain the cell maintain it’s shapeit’s shape

NucleusNucleus

The brain of the cellThe brain of the cell Structure: has it’s own Structure: has it’s own

membrane.membrane. Functions: Functions:

a) directs all cell a) directs all cell activityactivity

b) contains the b) contains the hereditary material hereditary material (DNA)(DNA)

MitochondriaMitochondria

The The POWER HOUSEPOWER HOUSE of the of the cell!!!!!cell!!!!!

Function: breaks down Function: breaks down nutrients to make energy for nutrients to make energy for the cell.the cell.

ATP is the energy source. ATP is the energy source.

*Why would muscle cells in *Why would muscle cells in your legs have more your legs have more mitochondria than muscles in mitochondria than muscles in your abdomen?your abdomen?

RibosomesRibosomes

Made in the nucleolus and sent Made in the nucleolus and sent out to the cytoplasm.out to the cytoplasm.

Structure: Structure: -Not membrane bound -Not membrane bound -Either float freely in the -Either float freely in the

cytoplasm or are connected to cytoplasm or are connected to the endoplasmic reticulum.the endoplasmic reticulum.

Functions:Functions:-Produces protein using -Produces protein using

the information provided by the the information provided by the DNA.DNA.

RibosomesRibosomes

Endoplasmic ReticulumEndoplasmic Reticulum Made up of folded membranesMade up of folded membranes Structure: either be rough or smoothStructure: either be rough or smooth

-Rough: has ribosomes-Rough: has ribosomes-Smooth: no ribosomes-Smooth: no ribosomes

Functions:Functions:-Acts as the processing center for -Acts as the processing center for proteins and other substances.proteins and other substances.-A system of highways to send things -A system of highways to send things to different places.to different places.

Golgi BodiesGolgi BodiesGolgi Apparatus/Golgi ComplexGolgi Apparatus/Golgi Complex

Structure: Structure:

-Stacked membranes, acts as the mail -Stacked membranes, acts as the mail center.center.

Functions:Functions:

-Sort out proteins and other substances in -Sort out proteins and other substances in vesicles (packages) to go to their vesicles (packages) to go to their appropriate places (other parts of the cell, appropriate places (other parts of the cell, organelles, or out of the cell).organelles, or out of the cell).

VacuolesVacuoles

Vacuoles: temporary storage for any Vacuoles: temporary storage for any excess cell material.excess cell material.

LysosomesLysosomes

Function: Function: -Breaks down and recycles unused substances-Breaks down and recycles unused substances

-Also kills the cell (Lysis) when the cell is no longer -Also kills the cell (Lysis) when the cell is no longer functional.functional.

Extra Plant StructuresExtra Plant Structures

Plants are unique organisms and their cells have Plants are unique organisms and their cells have two added organelles.two added organelles.

Cell Wall-Tough, rigid, outer coverings made of CELLULOSE (a carbohydrate)Function:

-Protection-Support and shape for the plant

ChloroplastsChloroplasts

Green organelles that contain chlorophyllGreen organelles that contain chlorophyll Function:Function:

• Chlorophyll captures light and uses it to make Chlorophyll captures light and uses it to make energy (photosynthesis).energy (photosynthesis).

Different Types of CellsDifferent Types of Cells

Nucleus- I’m the bossNucleus- I’m the boss Mitochondrion- power packedMitochondrion- power packed Cytoplasm- oooey, gooeyCytoplasm- oooey, gooey Membrane- coming or goingMembrane- coming or going Vacuole- hold on layawayVacuole- hold on layaway Golgi Bodies- packed –n- readyGolgi Bodies- packed –n- ready Lysosomes- clean up the junkLysosomes- clean up the junk Ribosomes- one order o’ proteinsRibosomes- one order o’ proteins ER- on the road againER- on the road again Cytoskeleton- keep’n the shapeCytoskeleton- keep’n the shape Chloroplast- green food machineChloroplast- green food machine Cell Wall- rough –n- toughCell Wall- rough –n- tough http://www.classzone.com/books/ml_science_share/vis_sim/chm05_pg19_microscop

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