the catholic counter-reformation. lead up and background r.c.c. response to growing reform movement...
TRANSCRIPT
The Catholic Counter-
Reformation
Lead Up and Background
• R.C.C. response to growing reform movement throughout central and western Europe
• R.C.C. really tried to “win” people back from reformers
Think of this…The Catholic Church wanted to
atone for it’s
Society of Jesus or Jesuits (missionaries)
Inquisition (Church court to punish Protestant heretics)
No more indulgences
Stop the spread of Protestantism:
Council of Trent (1545-1563)
• Many Catholics did want to reform the church however they were fearful it would reduce the power of the church
• Pope Paul III brought church leaders together in Trent to resolve some of the questions du jour
Council of Trent continued
• Pope was aided by Jesuits
• Session met over three periods of time
• REJECTED ALL compromise with Protestants
• Affirmed the 7 sacraments, good works, papal authority
• Back on the offensive against spreading Protestantism
Results of Council of Trent
• NO to predestination
• Rejected justification by faith alone
• Bible still important, but still required Church’s authority to infer meaning
• Better education and training of clergy
Society of Jesus or Jesuits (missionaries)
• Founded by Ignatius of Loyola in 1540
• Spaniard, who studied in Jerusalem, wished to reform the church through education
• He created new Catholic schools throughout the world to convert people
• Helped to alleviate the further spread of Protestantism in Europe and beyond
Inquisition
• Root out heretics throughout Europe (Spain especially)
• Brought before a tribunal, often gruesomely tortured
• Think of Copernicus and later Galileo
No more indulgences
• The selling of indulgences ceased as did the practice of simony
Stop the spread of Protestantism
• Peace of Augsburg in 1555 – Set aside Catholic Europe and Lutheran
Europe
• Officially recognized the Lutheran church and allowed Protestant princes to pick the religion of their subjects
Stop the spread of Protestantismcontinued
• Edict of Nantes in 1598 (France)– Granted the Calvinists of France substantial rights
despite being a Catholic country (Huguenots)– Secularism and tolerance in France
• Peace of Westphalia in 1648– Ended 30 years of war between Catholics and
Protestants (30 Years’ War)– Set boundaries between Catholic and Protestant
countries
