the biogas sector in austria bulgarian visit in austria 05 ... · winter rape straw 53.000 0,3...

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www.biogas.klimaaktiv.at www.kompost-biogas.info 1

The Biogas sector in Austria

Bulgarian visit in Austria 05 04 2013

Austrian Compost & Biogas Association

Franz Kirchmeyr

Mail: [email protected]


Contents

- Structure and members of our Association

- Current situation of Biogas in Austria

- Further Challenges in Austria

2


Structure of our Association

- We are an umbrella Association of 5 regional

Associations in the field of biogas and

compost

- We our self are founding member of

- EEO: Renewable Energies of Austria

the umbrella Association of all renewables in

Austria

- EBA: European Biogas Association


Tasks of our daily work

- Lobbying the biogas sector in Austria

- Joining working groups creating norms etc.

- Make proposals and create reports to new

legislations or amendments of legislations

- Networking

- Contracts from our federal ministry of environment

- Klima:aktiv biogas (Bring biogas to customers)

- Home page, newsletter, work shops, advertisement…

- Arbeitskreis biogas

- Bench mark (economic and technically), education

3


Members of our Association

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

550

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Members 2006: 413

Members 2011: 543

Compost plant operators

Biogas plant operators

Associated members


Development of biogas plants

in Austria [MW power]

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Le

istu

ng

k

um

ulie

rt [

MW

]

source: E- Control

before 1998 1998 – 2002 2003 - 2004

30 kW 110 kW 250 kW

76 MW 0,7 % of power demand ~ 500 GWh Electricity: 150.000 households

4


Developement of biomethane

production plants in Austria

Pucking PSA 2005

Eugendorf PSA 2008

Bruck an der Leitha Membrantechnik 2008

Margarethen Membrantechnik 2008

Asten DWW 2009

Engerwitzdorf Aminwäsche 2010

Rechnitz PSA 2010

Leoben Aminwäsche 2010

Wiener Neustadt Membrantechnik 2011


Austria - permission structure

3 umbrella laws under which the future plant

operator has to apply for the permissions

feedstock waste

power production no

heat production yes no

orUmbrella laws for

permitting biogas Gewerbeordnung ELWOG

Gewerbeord

nung AWG

Included laws in the VEXATBauordnungWasserrechtsgesetzGaswirtschaftsgesetzArbeitnehmerschutzgesetzSeveral other regulations like: ÖNORM, ÖWAV

Separate permission Tiermaterialiengesetz: (application after the approval of the umbrella law)

no waste

yes

Raumordnungsgesetz: (application has to be given before application to the

Starkstromwegegesetz: (application after the approval of the umbrella law; has to

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Support scheme in Austria

Application

of biogas power power/heat

heat or

transport

fuel heat power/heat

transport

fuel

feed in tariff no no no

investment

subsidies no

only for the heat

relevant

investments yes yes

only for heat

relevant

investments yes

injection to the gas grid

yes (total

efficiency must be

over 60 %)

yes (total

efficiency must be

over 60 %)

yes (total

efficiency must

be over 60 %)

biogas directly used at the plant

How to get the feed in tariff for green electricity:

• After receiving all needed permissions for building and running the plant

you can apply for the contract getting feed in tariffs

• Depending on the availability of the contingent you will get the contract

• After receiving the contract you have 3 years time building the plant

• The contract is valid for 15 years after start of first electricity injection


Development of feed in tariffs through the

renewable energy act for biogas: [Cent/kWh el.]

6


Fortunately we have two very good

developed energy grids: Power and gas grid


CNG filling station in Austria

Nearly 180 public gas filling stations at the moment

2 CBG filling stations (Margarethen and Rechnitz)

7


Tank versus plate discussion since 2008

- Situation now

- Energy crops

- biowaste

- Challenges

- Potential

- Costs


Currently needed land for biogas

production (2009/2010)

current needed

land for biogas

production

percentage of use

(mass based

measurement)

demand on

end energy

average

yield per

hectare

needed

hectare

[%] [GWh] [t] [ha]

silomaize 45% 943 17 16.483

rye (whole plant chopped) 6% 120 11 4.283

sunflowers (whole plant chopped)2% 14 12 448

sugar beet (incl. Leafes) 1% 5 15 105

Sudangras 3% 45 14 1.215

grass silage 7% 139 9 5.717

farm fertilizer 21% 79

bio waste 4% 29

waste from sugar production2% 22

digestate of alcohol production0% 0

reaming 10% 142

needed hectare from cropland 22.533

needed hectare of grassland 5.717

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Potential from bio waste , waste from farm land

and farm fertilizer

Current

total

use [ha]

percenta

ge f

Biogas

[kg TS /

ha]

[GWh] Mio.

Nm³

CH4

MWel.

bei 8000

bj

Maize straw 200.000 0,3

6.000 900 90 40

Winter rape straw 53.000 0,3 4.000 150 15 10

Straw from cereals 520.000 0,2 3.500 800 80 40

Catch crops 1,4 Mio. 0,07 3.500 800 80 40

grassland 570.000 0,03 5.000 300 30 20

farmfertilizer 20 % von cattle and hogs

40 % des poultry

1.700 170 80

Potential from bio waste 700 70 30

Total potential (non crop based) 5.350 535 260


Potential from bio waste , waste from farm land

and farm fertilizer + ~ 50.000 ha cropland

[ha] Anteil f

Biogas

[kg TS /

ha]

[GWh] Mio.

Nm³

CH4

MWel.

bei 8000

bj

KM + CCM stroh 200.000 0,3

6.000 900 90 40

Winterrapsstroh 53.000 0,3 4.000 150 15 10

Getreidestroh 520.000 0,2 3.500 800 80 40

Zwischenfrüchte 1,4 Mio. 0,07 3.500 800 80 40

Grünland 570.000 0,03 5.000 300 30 20

Crops 1,4 Mio. 0,03 13.000 2.000 200 93

Wirtschaftsdünger 20 % von Rinder u Schweine

40 % des Geflügeldungs

1.700 170 80

Potenzial aus org. Abfällen 700 70 30

Gesamtpotential (non crop based) 7.350 735 353

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Potential from bio waste

- Currently about 12 – 15 Mwel. installed

- Additional potential ~ tripple it (50 Mio. Nm³ CH4)

- Coming from

- Not collected bio waste so far

- Waste from the food, feed and other industrial

productions

- Currently composted bio waste

- Competitive will come from

- Sewage treatment plants

- Waste incineration plants


Tank versus plate discussion:

„More energy yield per hectare through catch crops “

[kWh /m²]

Strahlung 22 42 80 111 142 148 152 131 94 54 25 17

[mm] Regen 45 42 104 82 81 68 71 145 15 27 34 24

Lebensmittel-

produktion

Lebensmittel

+ Energie

Energie-

produktion

Jän Feb Mär Apr Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Nov Dez

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Kaskadische Nutzung (biobased industry):

Biogas ist Schlüsseltechnologie

- Ziel: - Biomasse mehrfach nutzen

- Schaffung wertvoller Grundstoffe für die „Naturstoffchemie“ (z. B.: Milch- & Aminosäure)

Energiegewinnung durch die Biogastechnologie aus

den „Abfällen anderer Produktionsketten“

- Start: Anfang 2009 -2012

- Projektpartner:

- Land OÖ

- Energie AG / OÖ Ferngas

- Leitung: JKU Linz


application

- Direct at the plant

- CHP

- Base load

- Peak load

- Balancing energy

- Transport fuel

- Biomethaneregister

- Grid injection

- CHP

- Transport fuel

- We have to raise using fleets

- Fixed blend for biomethane

- Flexible blend for biomethane

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CHP: very high efficiency

- Electricity: very high

valuable energy source

- Power efficiency can´t directly compared with

heating efficiency (heat:

low valuable energy

source)

- Power efficiency

- Currently: 38 %

- Future: over 40 up to 47 %

- Total efficency:

- 70 – 85 %


Virtuelles Kombikraftwerk

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Upgrading biogas biomethane

Most efficient and environment friendly


Own experience with CNG/CBG

• Owner of 2 CNG Passat (expensive car)

• Engine is very silent

• Great engine – through

double charging – high

torque

• Very low fuel consumption

• Country roads: 3,6 – 4 kg

• German freeway: 5 – 7 kg

• Ø 4,5 kg/ 100 km

• Range 400 - 500 km with CNG

• We have already enough filling stations:

• About 95 % driven by CNG/CBG

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Steyr: first CBG tractor in

western Europe


Don´t forget our second product

digestate

- Very interesting full compound fertilizer

- Includes nearly all nutrients of the feedstock

- Very low impurities

- Very low organic pollutants

- No viable weed seeds and plant propagules

- Increasing soil condition

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Investigation result of digestate versus

draft fertilizer regulation

(non separated) n > 1.000

Untersuchungsergebn. Grenzwert Nicht erreicht

Substanz Min. Mittelw. Max. Anzahl + (%)

[%

TM

]

Org. Masse 1,2 69,3 96 ≥ 20 % 21 (1,2 %)

Gesamt N 0,3 10,4 42,4 ≥ 1,5 18 (1,1 %)

P2O5 0,1 3,8 11,9 ≥ 0,5 21 (1,6 %)

K2O 0,1 5,3 32,9 ≥ 0,75 21 (1,6 %)

[mg

/kg

TM

]

Cr 0,1 15,1 107 ≤ 100 2 (0,2 %)

Cd 0,0 0,4 2,4 ≤ 1,5 9 (0,8 %)

Pb 0,0 5,8 71,6 ≤ 120 0 (0,0 %)

Hg 0,0 0,1 2,8 ≤ 1 1 (0,1 %)

Ni 0,2 13,7 800 ≤ 50 20 (1,8 %)

Zn 2,7 311 1.720 ≤ 600 60 (5,5 %)

Cu 0,9 87,5 1.770 ≤ 300 29 (2,5 %)


Loss of germination ability from duck

Quelle: BAL Gumpenstein

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Increasing soil fertility trough

digestate

- Investigation from Upper Austria

- Application of digestate brings:

- Lowering density ~ 13 %

- Increase of max. water capacity ~ 15 %

- Increase of water content ~ 12 %

- Increase of organic matter content ~ 13 %

- Increase of activity from microorganisme

It brings essential benefits for dry regions


Structure of „Arbeitskreis Biogas“

1 nationwide

Organization

8 Regions – 8

Group Manager

190 Biogas Plants (2/3 of total)

15 Groups (max. 15 Participants)

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Size

21%

32%

21% 21%

5%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

18 - 99 kW 100 - 249 kW 250 - 499 kW 500 - 749 kW 750 - 1.670 kW

of total

Arbeitskreis

Structure of Biogas Plants (1)

Launch

14%

56%

29%

1%0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

before 2003 2003 - 2005 2006 - 2008 after 2008


Arbeitskreis

Structure of Biogas Plants (2)

Legal Status

33%

28%

38%

Private Company

Capital Company

others

Input Material

73%

27%

Agricultural Substrates

Co-Fermentation

17


Arbeitskreis

Biogas Monitoring System

- Online-System for data input

- Every contact person(s) of biogas plants


Arbeitskreis

Horizontal Comparisons

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≤ 200 ≥ 500

kWel kWel

25% 12,1% 9,0% 6,6%

Ø 12,4% 10,4% 8,9%

-25% 14,6% 11,0% 9,3%

25% 18,1% 18,3% 11,6%

Ø 19,1% 17,3% 15,7%

-25% 22,7% 23,1% 19,8%

200 – 499

kWel

Strombedarf

Wärmebedarf

Kennzahl Einheit +25% Ø -25%

Volllaststunden1) h a-1 7.972 7.912 7.593

Strom verkauft2) % 36,4% 36,7% 37,3%

Wärme verwendet2) % 22,5% 26,0% 25,8%

Saldo (Leistungen-Kosten)3) Cent kWhel

-1 -1,60 -5,93 -10,651) elektr. Arbeit [kWh] durch installierte Leistung [kW]2)Bezugsbasis = Bruttoenergieeinsatz3) exkl. Rohstoffzuschlag 2010

Arbeitskreis

Reports

1,80

2,00

2,20

2,40

2,60

2,80

3,00

3,20

3,40

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

+25% Ø -25%

Rau

mb

elastu

ng [kg o

TS (m

³ d) -1]

Ver

wei

ldau

er

[d]

Verweildauer Fermenter Raumbelastung

26%

16%

58%

18% 14%

69%

15%10%

75%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

≤ 50% 50 bis ≤ 60% > 60%

Pro

zen

t d

er

Betr

ieb

e

Brennstoffnutzungsgrad

+25% Ø -25%

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

≤200 200 - 499 ≥500

jäh

rlic

her

Arb

eits

aufw

and

[h

kW

el-1

]Größenklasse [kWel]

-25%

Ø

+25%


Arbeitskreis

Full-Load-Hours

0

1.000

2.000

3.000

4.000

5.000

6.000

7.000

8.000

9.000

10.000

18

75

10

0

10

0

10

0

10

0

10

0

10

0

10

0

15

0

20

0

25

0

25

0

25

0

25

0

30

0

50

0

50

0

50

0

50

0

62

5

62

5

16

72

Fullload hours

kWel

Ø 7.500

19


ARbeitskreis

Organic Load

Main digester: Ø 4.4 kg oDM/m³/d

Total: Ø 2.6 kg oDM/m³/d

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

18

52

75

10

0

10

0

10

0

10

0

10

0

10

0

10

0

10

0

10

0

10

0

10

0

10

0

10

0

10

0

14

0

15

0

18

0

20

0

24

5

25

0

25

0

25

0

25

0

25

0

25

0

25

0

25

0

30

0

33

0

50

0

50

0

50

0

50

0

50

0

50

0

50

0

50

0

62

5

62

5

62

5

62

5

16

72

kg oDM/m³/d

kWel


Arbeitskreis

Energy balance

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

18

74

10

0

10

0

10

0

10

0

10

0

10

0

10

0

10

0

10

0

12

5

15

0

18

0

24

5

25

0

25

0

25

0

25

0

25

0

30

0

33

0

50

0

50

0

50

0

50

0

50

0

50

0

62

5

62

5

16

72 kWel

auxiliary thermal energy

used thermal energy

auxiliary electricity

sold electricity

Energy Input

20


Klima:aktiv biogas

- Bring biogas to Customer

- Home page

- Newsletter

- Networking

- Workshop

- Folders


Example of folders

the biogas sector in austria bulgarian visit in austria 05 ... · winter rape straw 53.000 0,3...

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