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A Window Example:

Aperture is the size of the window. If it’s bigger more light gets through and the room is brighter.

Aperture is the size of the window. If it’s bigger more light gets through and the room is brighter.

A Window Example:

Shutter Speed is the amount of time you leave the window open. The longer you leave them open the more light comes in.

Shutter Speed is the amount of time you leave the window open. The longer you leave them open the more light comes in.

A Window Example:

ISO is the sensitivity to light of the person inside the room. If they are wearing sunglasses (low ISO) it will take more light for them to see the image then if they are staring at it wide-eyed (high ISO).

ISO is the sensitivity to light of the person inside the room. If they are wearing sunglasses (low ISO) it will take more light for them to see the image then if they are staring at it wide-eyed (high ISO).

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Shutter Speed

•The length of time that the shutter remains open.

•Each progression represents half as much light.

•Common shutter settings: 1 second, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/15, 1/30, 1/60, 1/125, 1/250, 1/500, 1/1000, and 1/2000 second.

Focal Plane Door Sample

Leaf Shutter Example

Fast Shutter Speed

ADVANTAGES• Reduces blurriness as image is ‘seen’ only

briefly • Freeze Fast Motion• Great for sports events.

DISADVANTAGESLess time for light to enter cameraRequires bright conditions

Fast Shutter Speed Sample

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Fast Shutter Speed Sample

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Slow Shutter Speed

ADVANTAGES• Great for Darker Conditions• Soften Consistent Motion

DISADVANTAGES• Increased chance for bluriness• Often requires Tripod

Slow Shutter Speed Sample

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Slow Shutter Speed Sample

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Slow Shutter Speed Sample

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Slow Shutter Speed Sample

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More: http://www.digital-photography-school.com/blur-movement

Side By Side Shutter Speed

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Side By Side Shutter Speed

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Shutter Speed Assignment

Using Manual Shutter Speed Settings take one picture each

of the following:1) a)Freeze Fast Motion b)Same motion

but blurry2) Soften or Purposefully Blur

Consistent/Constant Motion3) Add Motion to moving subject with

blurry Background4) Stationary subject with blurry

background5) One Additional Creative Use of

Shutter Speed

* Number pictures as listed above* Include shutter speed settings in title

* Example Title: “1a Fast Motion 1/125”

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F~What?!?

Camera Aperture• The size of the opening that lets light

in• Also Called F-Stop

– F = Fractional opening relative to lens length

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Nonsense Numbers?!?

F-Stop Numbering• Common Stops: f2.8, f4, f5.6, f8, f11,

f16, f22• Small Numbers = Wide Opening• Large Numbers = Narrow Opening• Wide Opening = Short/Shallow Depth

of Field• Narrow Opening = Long/Deep Depth

of Field • Small Number = Shallow (small)

Depth of Field• Large Number = Deep (Large) Depth

of Field

Confused Yet, No Worries Me Too…

F-Stop Visual Basics

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F-Stop Visual Basics

http://photographertips.net

Portrait Landscape

Shallow Depth of Field

Deep Depth of Field

Depth and Defocus Blur

plane of focussensor lens

defocus blur depends on distance from plane of focus

subject

rays from point in focus converge to single pixel

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Depth and Defocus Blur

lens plane of focus

defocus blur depends on aperture size

aperture

http://photographertips.net

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subject

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Narrow Apertures Usage

Advantages• Gives Deep Depth of Field

– Shows complete scene– Landscape Photography

Disadvantages• Requires more Light• May require longer Shutter Speed

– Increases chance for blur

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Wide Apertures Usage

Advantages• Less Light Required• Allows for Faster Shutter Speed• Give focus to objects on focal

plane

Disadvantages• Shallow DOF• Can produced Washed-out, Over lit

images

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Aperture Side-By-Sides

Aperture Side-By-Sides

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Aperture Side-By-Sides

Lens Length The “X” Factor

Depth of field is dependent on Lens Length

- F-Stop is a “Fraction” of lens length- The longer the lens the more room

the light rays have to get off-track- Zoom usually results in reduced DOFDOF Calculations• DOF is generally 1/3 in front of and

2/3 behind focal plane. • Numerous Online Calculators:

http://www.dofmaster.com/dofjs.html

Aperture Pictures

Using Manual Aperture Settings take one picture each

of the following:1) A Landscape photo with deep depth

of field2) A Mid-Shot Portrait with (a) shallow

DOF (b) Deep DOF3) A macro CU with Shallow DOF4) A posed Portrait with initial

foreground blurry, shallow DOF, far background blurry

* Number pictures as listed above* Include Aperture settings in title

* Example Title: “2a Shallow DOF f22”

ISO

What is ISOThe sensitivity of the sensor to light

Terminology• Low=Slow, High=Fast

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More ISO

Refer to Class handout for more information regarding ISO.

ISO Pictures

By Adjusting the ISO settings take 3 shots of each of the following subjects

1) A Landscape photo (Slow ISO, Med ISO, Fast ISO)

2) A Mid-Shot Portrait (Slow ISO, Med ISO, Fast ISO)

3) A ECU (Slow ISO, Med ISO, Fast ISO)

* Number pictures and name pictures as listed above