The Battle of San JacintoThe Battle of San JacintoChapter 11 Section 2Chapter 11 Section 2

The Eve of BattleThe Eve of BattleOn April 20, 1836, On April 20, 1836, Texan troops camped Texan troops camped on the banks of Buffalo on the banks of Buffalo Bayou.Bayou.

Santa Anna’s army Santa Anna’s army moved to the edge of a moved to the edge of a prairie opposite the prairie opposite the Texans.Texans.

Santa Anna was in a Santa Anna was in a poor position but poor position but believed the Texans believed the Texans would not attack.would not attack.

Texan Soldiers of Varied BackgroundsTexan Soldiers of Varied Backgrounds

Juan Seguín commanded Juan Seguín commanded 20–30 Tejanos.20–30 Tejanos.

The Tejanos wore a piece The Tejanos wore a piece of cardboard in their hats of cardboard in their hats to distinguish them from to distinguish them from Mexican troops.Mexican troops.

Only 170 men who fought Only 170 men who fought in Houston’s army owned in Houston’s army owned land in Texas before the land in Texas before the Revolution.Revolution.

Houston Calls a Council of WarHouston Calls a Council of War

Santa Anna had 850 Santa Anna had 850 troops; 540 more joined troops; 540 more joined them.them.

Houston ordered the Houston ordered the bridge across Vince’s bridge across Vince’s Bayou destroyed to cut Bayou destroyed to cut off a retreat for both off a retreat for both armies.armies.

Houston called his Houston called his officers to a council of officers to a council of war, but they disagreed war, but they disagreed over whether to attack over whether to attack directly or set up a directly or set up a defensive positiondefensive position..

"We view ourselves on the eve of "We view ourselves on the eve of battle. We are nerved for the contest, battle. We are nerved for the contest, and must conquer or perish. It is vain and must conquer or perish. It is vain to look for present aid: none is at hand. to look for present aid: none is at hand.

We must now act or abandon all hope! We must now act or abandon all hope! Rally to the standard, and be no longer Rally to the standard, and be no longer the scoff of mercenary tongues! Be the scoff of mercenary tongues! Be men, be free men, that your children men, be free men, that your children may bless their father's name."may bless their father's name."

—General Sam Houston,—General Sam Houston,Before the Battle of San Jacinto Before the Battle of San Jacinto

““Remember the Alamo”Remember the Alamo”

Around 3:30 in the Around 3:30 in the afternoon of April afternoon of April 21, Houston 21, Houston ordered the Texas ordered the Texas army to advance on army to advance on the Mexican troops the Mexican troops who were resting.who were resting.

The Texans seized The Texans seized the Mexican the Mexican artillery.artillery.

San Jacinto Battlefield – April 21, 1836

““Remember the Alamo”Remember the Alamo”

The Mexican The Mexican camp was in total camp was in total confusion as confusion as soldiers tried to soldiers tried to fight and flee.fight and flee.

The battle lasted The battle lasted 18 minutes18 minutes

Mexicans Suffer Heavy LossesMexicans Suffer Heavy Losses

The Mexican army The Mexican army suffered heavy suffered heavy losses at San losses at San Jacinto.Jacinto.

An estimated 630 An estimated 630 Mexicans were Mexicans were killed and 730 were killed and 730 were taken prisoner, taken prisoner, including Santa including Santa Anna. Anna.

Santa Anna Santa Anna surrendered the surrendered the following day to a following day to a group of Texans who group of Texans who were looking for himwere looking for him

Santa Anna SurrendersSanta Anna Surrenders to Sam Houston to Sam Houston

Comparing ReportsComparing Reports

Houston’s report to President Houston’s report to President Burnet praised his troops highly Burnet praised his troops highly for their courage and loyalty.for their courage and loyalty.

Santa Anna’s report to his Santa Anna’s report to his superiors explained that the loss superiors explained that the loss was due to the high number of was due to the high number of inexperienced recruits.inexperienced recruits.

The Texan Navy Controls the CoastThe Texan Navy Controls the Coast

The Texan navy The Texan navy controlled the controlled the coastal waters, coastal waters, bringing supplies bringing supplies to the Texan to the Texan armies and cutting armies and cutting off supplies to the off supplies to the Mexican divisionsMexican divisions..

Treaties of VelascoTreaties of Velasco

Santa Anna signed two treaties at Santa Anna signed two treaties at Velasco—one public and one Velasco—one public and one secret.secret.

The public treatyThe public treaty —Santa Anna —Santa Anna promised that Mexican forces promised that Mexican forces would never fight against Texans would never fight against Texans again and ordered all Mexican again and ordered all Mexican forces out of Texas.forces out of Texas.

Treaties of VelascoTreaties of Velasco

Santa Anna signed two treaties at Santa Anna signed two treaties at Velasco—one public and one Velasco—one public and one secret.secret.

The secret treatyThe secret treaty —Santa Anna —Santa Anna promised to work for Mexican promised to work for Mexican recognition of Texas independence recognition of Texas independence in exchange for his release.in exchange for his release.

Many Texans Wanted RevengeMany Texans Wanted Revenge

Many Texans wanted to hang Many Texans wanted to hang Santa Anna.Santa Anna.

Burnet, determined to honor the Burnet, determined to honor the treaty, placed Santa Anna on a treaty, placed Santa Anna on a ship to return to Mexico.ship to return to Mexico.

A group of angry Texan army A group of angry Texan army officers prevented the ship from officers prevented the ship from sailing, but Burnet stopped them sailing, but Burnet stopped them from executing Santa Annafrom executing Santa Anna..

Victory’s ConsequencesVictory’s Consequences

News of the victory News of the victory spread throughout spread throughout TexasTexas..

Soldiers from both Soldiers from both sides returned to sides returned to their homes.their homes.

The Mexican army, The Mexican army, under General under General Filisola left in Filisola left in defeat.defeat.

Victory’s ConsequencesVictory’s Consequences

Many volunteers from the United Many volunteers from the United States arrived in Texas too late. States arrived in Texas too late. The Texans had already won the The Texans had already won the war.war.

Texans were now citizens of the Texans were now citizens of the new Republic of Texas.new Republic of Texas.