the battle for iwo jima fo… · •battle for iwo jima – one of the most famous battles in...
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The Battle for Iwo Jima
February – March of 1945
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Overview/Purpose
• We are going to take a quick look at the
Battle for Iwo Jima concentrating on why we
needed to capture the Island, how it was
defended, how the Marines attacked the
Island and the overall costs
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Learning Objectives
• TLO: Without the aid of references be able to
discuss the Battle of Iwo Jima.
• ELOs 1.Discuss the reason that the United
States wanted to capture the Island of Iwo
Jima.
• 2. Discuss the Marine landings on the Island.
• 3. Discuss the Flag Raising on Iwo Jima.
• 4. Discuss the costs of the battle and was it
worth it.
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Strategic Location
• The US wanted to capture Iwo Jima because
of its location. It lies halfway between Tokyo
and the US controlled Marianas, and would
serve as a safe place for crippled bombers to
land after bombing runs on Japan.
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The Island
• This is a photo of the island. It is about 7 or 8 square miles total. Mount Suribachi is seen in front.
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• Here is a map of Iwo
Jima. Mount Suribachi
is on the southern tip.
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“Sulfur Island”
• Iwo Jima, in Japanese, means “sulfur island.” It is made of volcanic ash and sulfur deposits from the Pacific.
• Before WWII- civilians/mining. When the war started Japanese built airfields for bombers.
• Series of tunnels and caves in the island that were fortified with concrete.
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Hell with the fire out
• Iwo Jima’s beaches were not made of sand,
but made of very soft ash.
• One observer remarked, “It was like hell with
the fire out.”
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Preparing for Attack
• Lieutenant General Tadamichi Kuribayashi
• 21,000 men
• The island was fortified by anti-aircraft guns, big
naval guns, machine guns, mortars, and rockets.
After that, the beach was rung with bunkers,
blockhouses, and pillboxes.
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Shelling the island
• Naval and aerial shelling/bombing shelled Iwo
Jima for months, making it the longest
sustained bombing of WWII.
• This barely did anything to the bunkers, but it
knocked out a great deal of the beach
defenses and large artillery.
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The Battle • Kuribayashi’s plan
• 30,000 US Marines landed on the island
• Americans landed under the command of General Schmidt
• As soon as the majority of them were on the beach, the Japanese open fired on them.
• They suffered heavy losses as they made their way up, but by nightfall, they isolated Mount Suribachi. It took them three days to take the mountain.
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Flag Raising on Mount Suribachi
• 23 Feb: 5th day of battle – lasted another month
• 5 Marines and 1 Sailor raised the flag
• 3 of the Marines died on the island
• 2 Flag Raisings
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• Battle for the Northern
Plateau
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Victory
• Fighting ended on March 23, 1945.
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Statistics
• 30% of the Marines that landed on Iwo Jima
died (6,821). 17,000 were wounded
• Almost all of the Japanese were killed,
including Kuribayashi (approx. 21,000).
• 1/3 of all USMC killed in WW II killed on Iwo
• 27 Medals of Honor
• 2,400 disabled B-29 bombers landed on the
island: 30,000 American Airmen
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Summary
• Battle for Iwo Jima – one of the most famous
battles in Marine Corps history.
• The reason that the US wanted to island was
because of its’ strategic location between the
island of Japan and the US controlled
Marianas Islands.
• The battle commenced on the 19th of Feb and
lasted until the 23rd of March 1945.
• 30% of the 30,000 Marines that landed were
killed and another 17,000 wounded – almost
all of the Japanese were killed.
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