the basic shapes of medieval organ pipe fields - one ... · the basic shapes of medieval organ pipe...
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The basic shapes of medieval organ pipe fields- one octave of pipes -
Type 1
Constant-scaled, chromatic Constant-scaled, diatonic
Type 2
Scaling ratio 1:2, chromatic Scaling ratio 1:2, diatonic
Type 3
1:2 with addition constant (first fully documented c15th century)
Bourdons/bordones/borduni
MS Incipit mensura (Erfurt, Wissenschaftliche Bibliothek der Stadt, Ca 20
395, dated c1371, of English provenance) indicates that, with borduni,you can take “any length you like” and add “relatively much” to the widthto produce a “sterling and full-sounding instrument”.
Saint-Remi PsalterReims
Munich MS
12thc constant scaling (2 ranks - one octave 8' + 8'? 8'+6'? 2 octaves??)
13thc MS (depicting archaic organ type) constant scaling
Peterborough Psalter (Brussels, Bibliothèque Royale)
Flanders, 1290Baltimore, Walters Art Gallery
Rutland Psalter
Late 13thc constant [2-ranks 8'+6'; borduni; Quint organist side]
13thc constant (?) - [2-ranks, 18 notes 8'+6'? Or chromatic compass of c36 notes?? - borduni?
Quint rank on calcant side]
13thc variable scalingc35 notes 8'+6'? or c70 notes??
Tuning slides? 2 ranks? Borduni? IfQuint, then organist side.
Christ Church, Canterbury(Oxford, Bodleian)
Macclesfield Psalter
14thc variable (?) constant (?) 1:2 with addition constant?
14thc constant scaling with bordunes
La dame à la licorneTapestry
Prado, Madrid
15thc variable scaling (1:2?)
Louis Alimbrot (Lodewijk van Hallynckbroot) 1440s - constant scaling
Alimbrot Detail
Remains of pipes from an already “old” organ destroyed in early 16thc
Plantin, from De La HèleVIII Missae quinque, sex et septem vocum (1578)
Hamar (N) 15/16thc
16thc constant? variable? 1:2 with addition constant?
Credible?
MS. Reggio Emilia(Oxford, Bodleian)
Inlay - Ducal Palace, Urbino
Early 16thc - constant
c1470 variable - ca. 1:2?cf. Lorenzo da Pavia/Mantegna below
Positive with paper pipesMuseo Correr, Venice
Museum of Ancient Art (Castello Sforzesco, Milan)
Lorenzo da Pavia (1494) - variable scaling 1:2? (dual tempering according to Marco Tiella; short octave?)
Andrea Mantegna - Madonna Trivulzio (1497)
The Trinity Altarpiece(National Gallery, Scotland)
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See also on this site:
Glossary of medieval organ topicsExplanation of Gothic-mediæval organ types
A general background to Gothic-mediæval organ culture
Hugo van der Goes c1480 (with music rack) (variable - 38-40 notes? Chromatic?)